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The beginning of Act II Scene I starts with the survivors of the shipwreck conversing. While Alonso, Gonzalo, Adrian, and Francisco speak about their current condition on this island, Sebastian and Antonio are in their own world of laughter. The two continually interrupt the flow of Gonzalo's dialogue with funny one-liners.
Quite like John Mulaney below screaming "Not funny!" in an impression of Mick Jagger, Sebastian and Antonio find Alonso and Gonzalo either too sad or too optimistic. Their wit makes the scene more interesting and funny for the audience.

Howtoamuseacoolperson. http://howtoamuseacoolperson.tumblr.com/post/174773967189/i-love-being-able-to-picture-johns-impression. Accessed 27 Oct 2018.

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Gonzalo remarks with incredulity at the situation they are in. He says that it is amazing their clothes are dry even after a shipwreck. Antonio, on the other hand, calls him a liar, saying "If but one of his pockets could speak, would it not say he lies?" (2.1.57).
Antonio responds to all of Gonzalo's remarks with sharp wit, and does not suspect magic or miracle. Gonzalo bears with Antonio and Sebastian's insults and jokes patiently, but does not partake in their merrymaking, quite like the annoyed Jordan Schlansky displayed below.

TeamCoco. http://teamcoco.com/gifs/103345. Accessed 27 Oct 2018

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Unlike the cackling jokers Sebastian and Antonio, Gonzalo sees the positive in the situation. For instance, he remarks that it was a miracle that they were alive. He says "How lush and lusty the grass looks! How green!" while Antonio says "The ground indeed is tawny" (2.1.48-49). Gonzalo's optimism is belittled by Sebastian and Antonio, but he tries nonetheless to cheer up Alonso. Gonzalo remarks that Prince Ferdinand may be alive, but Sebastian says it is unlikely. Gonzalo marvels at the land and all that it can offer, and Sebastian and Antonio say he mistakes reality. Adrian says there is a nice breeze on the island and Sebastian says "As if it had lungs, and rotten ones" (2.1.43).
I interpret Gonzalo to have an optimism that can be somewhat comical when contrasted with Antonio's pessimistic response. Gonzalo acts like John Mulaney below because Gonzalo attempts to stay optimistic about their predicament.

John-mulaney. https://john-mulaney.tumblr.com/post/173553358385/john-mulaney-kid-gorgeous-at-radio-city-2018 Accessed 27 Oct 2018.

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"I' th' commonwealth I would by contraries

Execute all things. For no kind of traffic

Would I admit. No name of magistrate.

Letters should not be known. Riches, poverty,

And use of service—none. Contract, succession,

Bourn, bound of land, tilth, vineyard—none." (2.1.123-128)

Gonzalo speaks of a utopia he imagines he could create on this island. As there is a strong theme of hegemony throughout the play, with jokers like Stephano and Trinculo incapable to claiming authority, and a magical, imperialist like Prospero easily grasping and maintaining power, Gonzalo has a rare moment highlighting his own desire for power, albeit not with a very egotistic light. Shakespeare portrays Gonzalo as a kindly man with intentions "To feed my innocent people" if he were the ruler of such a land (2.1.239). Shakespeare appears to put forth the idea that people with some level of kindness or mercy, like with Prospero's decision to not seek vengeance on Antonio and set Ariel free, are wise people to give power to.

Strangely enough, Gonzalo's rambling about this ideal state seems to set up a serious, thought-provoking moment for the audience, despite Antonio and Sebastian's jests. Gonzalo's dream is quite like John Lennon's in his song "Imagine," where he asks people to imagine a world with no wars, materialism, or nations. It was easy for critics to laugh at Lennon's song for its idealism, like Sebastian and Antonio laughing at Gonzalo's ideal world, but their dreams are nonetheless intriguing.

Giphy. http://gph.is/2clzv5Z. Accessed 27 Oct 2018

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While Sebastian continues to blame Alonso and make him feel worse about the loss of his children, Alonso is too sad to retaliate. Alonso only asks Sebastian to stop saying such cruel words.
Though Alonso has no vitriol towards Sebastian and Antonio, it could be imagined that after mourning and finding his son, he would not be so appreciative of the things Sebastian said so cruelly. If Alonso had some wit and his character were more fitting in the mood of the comedy of the situation, he might have responded with the humor in the gif below, in which Jordan's boss, Conan, threatens to fire Jordan when they get back from their trip in Italy.

TeamCoco. https://gph.is/2Hw4oCb. Accessed 27 Oct 2018.

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Alonso regrets bringing his daughter to Tunis, for he has lost his daughter to a foreign country and his son to the sea. Sebastian is not subtle in weighing on Alonso's remorse by saying "Where she at least is banished from your eye,/

Who hath cause to wet the grief on ’t" (2.1.101-102). Sebastian says that at least Alonso's daughter is not here to remind Alonso of what he has lost in his journey. Sebastian does not seek to uplift Alonso's spirits like Gonzalo, but instead wants to blame Alonso and make insensitive, biting comments.
Comically, one can say Sebastian is like the depicted doctor with his lack of empathy and touch of belittling comedy in this tragic shipwreck. The mood of the scene is comical itself despite Alonso's sadness because of the funny comments by Sebastian and Antonio.

The New Yorker. https://www.newyorker.com/cartoons. Accessed 27 Oct 2018.

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Antonio gets quite serious after the jokes and his slow but effective way of hinting to Sebastian the kind of power he can achieve takes place. Antonio says that he is as certain that Prince Ferdinand is dead as the fact that Gonzalo here is sleeping. This effectively decreases the guilt Antonio would feel in killing Alonso, who is depressed and without children, and also increases the temptation and convenience with Antonio's suggestion.

Upon noticing that Alonso and Gonzalo are fast asleep, Antonio believes opportunity knocks. He says:

"Oh, out of that “no hope”

What great hope have you! No hope that way is

Another way so high a hope that even

Ambition cannot pierce a wink beyond." (2.1.205-208)

Pushing the idea that this moment is so convenient and shaking his head at the shame it would be if Sebastian did not carpe diem, Antonio does not directly instruct Sebastian to kill Alonso. He does numerous things with his rhetoric. First, he gives Sebastian the idea that he formulated the plot to murder hiimself. Second, Antonio numbs Sebastian's conscience. Thirdly, Antonio is able to effectively paint a glorious image of all that Sebastian can achieve.

Antonio essentially gives a knowing nudge to Antonio with a "What happens in Vegas, stays in Vegas" feeling, which would muffle Sebastian's conscience.
Quite like John Mulaney with his mischievous eyebrow-raising, Antonio acts very roundabout and suggestive. Antonio and Sebastian would be in on a very big lie if they killed Gonzalo and Alonso.

Gifer. https://gifer.com/en/6wba. Accessed 27 Oct 2018.

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Antonio persuades Sebastian to kill Alonso. However, Sebastian does not suspect Antonio's malevolent intention to manipulate him. Antonio's own conscience is at no risk. Thus, quite like the cartoon's depiction, Antonio plants a seed of doubt and ambitiousness in Sebastian that may not have existed prior to their current conversation. Antonio is like a doctor who has an ulterior motive, and he makes Sebastian adopt his own belief that he should be king.
Sebastian asks "But, for your conscience?" and Antonio responds with "Ay, sir; where lies that? if t'were a kibe,/'Twould put me to my slipper;but I feel not/This diety in my bosom" (2.1.241-244). Antonio cleverly uses the metaphor for someone having cold feet, or cowardly thoughts, and says that one can simply put on slippers, or warm oneself again with thoughts of power.

The New Yorker. https://www.newyorker.com/cartoons. Accessed 27 Oct 2018.

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"Oh, that you bore

The mind that I do, what a sleep were this

For your advancement! Do you understand me?" (2.1.232-234)

Antonio asks Sebastian if he knows who is next in line if Ferdinand is most certainly dead and if Alonso were not alive. Sebastian answers that the next in line would be Claribel. Antonio rationalizes that Claribel is so far and further declares the waste of an opportunity that they are in. After all these implications and the statement above, Sebastian finally fully understands what Antonio is aiming for and says "Methinks I do" (2.1.235).

Antonio is like John Lennon below after Sebastian finally understands what Antonio has been implying.

ugur. https://beatlesdaily.com/2016/02/06/best-beatles-gifs-part-1-12-gifs/. 28 Oct 2018

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Antonio and Sebastian pretend they were getting ready to fend off lions rather than attempt to kill Alonso. Antonio and Sebastian's false pretense of innocence is quite like John Mulaney's impression of coy innocence. Quite like the context of Mulaney's stand-up comedy, Antonio and Sebastian's attempt to murder Alonso is meant to be interpreted as comedic because of how narrowly they manage to dodge suspicion and make an outrageous excuse of lions being nearby. The fact that Gonzalo and Alonso believe them is even more hilarious.

Gifer. https://i.gifer.com/6wba.gif. Accessed 27 Oct 2018.

Shakespeare, William. The Tempest. 1623. Ed. Peter Holland. New York: Penguin, 1999. Print.