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Scandal Hits Harding's Administration- Kiara, Ashlyn, & Hannah

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Scandal Hits Harding's Administration- Kiara, Ashlyn, & Hannah

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Scandal Plague Harding
The main problem was that the president didn't understand many of the
issues
*Corrupt friends used their offices to become wealthy through graft
*Charles R. Forbes was caught illegally selling government and hospital supplies to private companies
The Teapot Dome
*The most spectacular example of corruption was the Teapot Dome Scandal
*Albert B. Fall, managed to get the oil reserves transferred from the Navy to the interior department
*Fall received more than $400,000 in loans, bonds, and cash. He was later found guilty of bribery and became the first american to be convicted of a felony while holding a cabinet post.
*In August 2, 1923 he died probably from a heart attack or stroke
*Coolidge helped to restore peoples faith in the government, in the republican party and the next year he was elected president
Harding's Cabinet
*The president made Herbert Hoover the secretary of commerce
*Andrew Melon became secretary of the treasury and set about drastically cutting taxes and reducing the national dept
*The Ohio Gang was the presidents poker playing cronies, who would soon cause a great deal of embarrassment

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- After WW1, a lot of problems surfaced relating to arms control, war debts, and the reconstruction of war-torn countries.
- 192, President Harding invited several major powers to Washington Naval Conference (Left Russia out, because of the Communist Government).
- During the conference, Secretary of State Charles Evans Hughes urged for no more warships be built for 10 years. And that the 5 major naval powers (US, Great Britain, Japan, France and Italy) scrap a lot of their battleships, cruisers, and aircraft carriers.
- For the first time in that history, powerful nations agreed to disarm. In 1928, fifteen countries signed the Kellogg-Briand Pact (made war a national policy).
High Tariffs and Reparations
- New conflicts came up when it was time for Britain and France to pay back the $10 billion they borrowed from America. 2 ways to do it: selling goods to US, or collecting reparations from Germany
- 1922: US adapted Fordney-McCumber Tariff (raised taxes on US imported goods to 60%). Tax protected US businesses, such as chemical and metal industries. Make it impossible for Britain and France to sell enough goods in the US to repay debts.
- Countries looked to Germany, and when Germany failed to make payments, French troops came in.
- To avoid another war US sent banker Charles G. Dawes to help with the loans. Loaned Germany $2.5 billion to pay back Britain and France with annual payments on a fixed scale (became known as the Dawes Plan). Then those countries repaid the US.
- Solution caused resentment all around, France and Britain considered the US a miser for not paying a fair share of costs in WW1. US benefited from defeat of Germany, while Europeans had paid for the win with millions of deaths. At the same time, US considered France and Britain to be irresponsible.

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A Superficial Prosperity  Tiffany, Ethan, Lana

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A Superficial Prosperity  Tiffany, Ethan, Lana

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~During the 1920s, most Americans believed prosperity would go on forever
~The average factory worker was producing 50% more at the end of the decade than at its start.
~Five and dime stores spread rapidly
~People were producing more food than need which was dropping prices
~"A dollar down and a dollar forever" was an installment plan which enabled people to buy goods over an extended period, without having to put down much money at the time of purchase.
~Installment was a sign of fundamental weakness behind a superficial economic prosperity.

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Communism is a economic and  political party based on a single-party government ruled by a dictatorship.
Revolutionists in Russia overthrew the czarist regime in 1919. Bolsheviks established a new communist state. Communist called out for the abolition of capitalism.
Some of the Industrial Workers of the World joined the communist regime. Mitchell Palmer took action to the combat called the Red scare.
The Palmer raids were the search for many communists, but they usually led to nothing.
Sacco and Vanzetti were arrested and charged with the robbery and 🤬 of factory paymaster, and his guard. Even with alibis they were still sentenced to death.
Many protests rang out because of their radical beliefs.

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-the progressive era had caused numerous wrenching changes in american life.
-league of nations had deeply divided america
-returning soldiers faced unemployment or took their olds jobs away from women and minorities
-the cost of living had doubled and many farmers and factory workers suffered as war time orders diminished.

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A time of labor unrest  dylan mark jacob jeremiah 

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A time of labor unrest  dylan mark jacob jeremiah 

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people in the steel mills wanted the right to negotiate for shorter hours and living wages.  they also wanted union rocgnition and collective bargaining rights

around 1919 the U.S. Steel corporation refused to mee with the union representaitves and the reslut of that is  300,000 wokers walked off their job

the companies hired strikebreakers they agreed to work during the stirke they also used force  they were beaten by the police and federal troops

in octorber 1919 negotiation between labor and managment produced a deadlock

the boston police strike

boston polie have not been given a raise since the beginning of world war they have been denied to unionize.

they decided to strike when representatives asked for a raise and got fired so the remining police decided to strike.

calvin coolidge stopped it all and fired all the police that had striked and hired new police and people priased him for saving boston

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limiting immigration jacob jeremiah mark dylan  

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limiting immigration jacob jeremiah mark dylan  

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-the KKK was devoted to %100 americanism
-by 1924 KKK membership reached to 4.5 million
-KKK members where payed to recruit more members
-the klan dominated politics in many states.
The Quota system-from 1919 to 1921 the number of immigrants grown to 600%
-The Quota system maximized the number of immigrants to enter US.
-In 1927 the law reduced the total number of persons to be admitted to 15,000.

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* Years 1920 to 1929 was prosperous for the united states. America owned around 40% of the worlds wealth.

*1920 brought gasoline and electricity to houses, it helped homes outside of the city by the use of Electric refrigerators, Cooking ranges, and Toasters.

*They started advertising products to lure people in to buy there products.

*The slogan "Say it with flowers" doubled the flourist business between 1912 to 1924.

Ethan, Tiffany, Lana

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American Industries Flourish: Kiara, Hannah, & Ashlyn

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American Industries Flourish: Kiara, Hannah, & Ashlyn

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*Both coolidge and his Republican successor, Herbert Hoover, favored government policies that would keep taxes down and business profit up.
*Their goal was to keep government interference in business to a minimum and to allow private enterprise to flourish.
*For most of the 1920s, this approach seemed to work.
*Reducing income taxes meant that people had more money in their pockets.
* one road was the legendary route 66, provided a route for people trekking west from chicago to california
* the automobile launched the rapid construction of gasoline stations, repair shops, public garages, motels, tourists camps, and shopping centers
* traffic signals began blinking in detroit in the early 1920's
* Holland tunnel was the first under water tunnel designed specifically for motor vehicles
* the urban sprawl spread in all directions
* the auto industry symbolized success of the free enterprise system and the Coolidge era.
The Young Airplane Industry
the airline industry began as a mail carrying service for the US post office.
*with the development of weather forecasting planes began carrying radios and navigational instruments
* the Vega was one of the most popular transport airplanes of the late 1920's