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freddy and annakarel

-agricultural revolution depended on breeding plants and animals

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(Felicity, Adam, Ashley)

Difference:

Buddhism: spread

Hinduism: did not spread

Christianity:

Judaism: created by the Hebrews

Islam:

Similarities:

- Both Buddhism and Hinduism originated in India

- Both Christianity and Buddhism believed in only one god/ ruler in the beggining.

-

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(Ava)

Egypt

-Based around the Nile River

-Had geography that protected them from many attacks

Both of these things led to a positive religion and worldview

- Built pyramids for their afterlife

Mesopotamia

- Based around Tigris and Euphrates rivers

Unpredictability of rivers led to dark worldview

- Experienced trouble due the saltiness of their soils

Yellow River China

-

Indus River Valley

- In modern day Pakistan

-Peaceful

-Little social hierarchy

-Built cities

Norte Chico

- South American society based in modern day Peru

-Built mounds

-Fishing based

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(Teddy and Reina)

+CHAPTER 9+

During the golden age of China, China was a world trade center.

+Tribute system

-If outsiders wanted to participate in trade within the Chinese empire they would be required to give gifts to the emperor.

+Chinese were constantly attacked by barbarians and the tribute system in theory would help control Chinese relations with "barbarians"

+The trade affected other civilizations and caused the spread of Confucianism, Daoism, Buddihsm, and Chinese techniques.

Vietnam and China

China tried to establish Chinese culture into Vietnam and they rebelled.

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#2 Chiefdoms, Agricultural Village Societies, and Pastoral Nomadic Societies

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#2 Chiefdoms, Agricultural Village Societies, and Pastoral Nomadic Societies

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(Lilia and Ellie)

Chiefdoms

+Brought in element of inequality

+Chiefs could seldom use force

+Earliest chiefdom: Mesopotamia

+Largest chiefdom in North America: Cahokia (1100 C.E.)

Agricultural Village Societies

+Did NOT have kings or chiefs

+Catalhuyuk: Southern Turkey, several thousand people

+No indication of male or female dominance: still had specific roles

+African societies: lineage system

-

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(Ben[The Pug-mariner] and Will [Chinggis Pug])

Europe

- After conquering Russia the Mongols thought that it was too cold and still controlled it, but at a distance

Middle East

- The Muslims were astonished by the Mongol success rate

- The Mongols became Muslim and gave up their nomadic ways (became agricultural)

China

- They moved their capital to what is now Beijing (back then it was called Khanbalik)

All

- The Mongols spread disease (Thy Dark Plague)

- Heavy trade taxes, extreamly safe trade routes, and no Mongol exports

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(Victoria and David)

Classical era:

In China, the Han dynasty were being attacked by the Xiongnu and other nomadic people

Tribute system

Nomads made "barbarian states"

Adopted Chinese customs

Nomads in Europe developed distinct civilizations

Post-Classical era:

military potential for horse back riding

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(Ava)

China

-Class system

-Created by the state

-Based upon examination system in order to find officials

-Made it possible for the poor to change their class

India

-Had a caste system

-Had a religious basis (the 4 castes came from Purusha's body)

-Based upon varna and jati

-Varna was the system across India, and involved 5 sections

-Jati was regional groups inside the varna system

Rome

-Had a large slave class (Romans conquered and enslaved many peoples)

-This led to slave rebellions (one was led by a gladiator named Spartacus)

-Ruled by the patricians, or the wealthy class

-Conflicted with poorer plebeians

-As it became an empire, the more democratic aspects deteriorated

Greece

- All free males had citizenship, and the right to vote

-Often ruled by strong rulers supported by the lower classes called tyrants

-Sparta had a large, slave-like, population

-Patriarchal

-Sparta was less patriarchal, as it saw women as useful for making soldiers

-Athens was more constricting, and Athenian women had almost no

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(Teddy and Reina)

Rome:

+Expansion occurred due to Greek Traders searching for iron and impoverished Greek Farmers in search of land.

+Greek settlers that expanded in search for trade caused religion to expand and diffuse.

Persia:

+Royal Road

-Large road that allowed news to get across the empire.

-Good trade opportunity for merchants because they could go across the empire in three months.

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(David and Victoria)

Rome:

- West declined, East (Byzantium) maintained

- 26 claimed to be emperor

- Epidemic disease; population decline 25%

- Germanic people invasions

- Emperors controlled & replaced

- Produced new/distinct cultures

- Decentralized

China:

- Xiongnu & nomad entry

- Government tension

- Foreigners became Chinese

- Resulted in single ruler/ bureaucratic state

- Frequent warfare & disorder

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(Chingghis Lilia and Zhi Dun Ellie)

Paleolithic Era: Gender Roles of women

+Women more equal to men.

+Religion had a "strong female dimension (venus figures)

+Men: hunters

+Women: gatherers

First Wave Civilizations: Gender Roles of Women

+Patriarchies evolved

+Various written laws written to enforce patriarchal ways of life

-Code of Hammurabi: Wife caught sleeping with another man: drowned.

+Women: prisoners of war became slaves or concubines

+Marduk inspired Hammurabi's law

+Mesopotamia: respectable women wore veils, others were forbidden to wear veils

+Egypt: married women were not veiled

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(Soleil and

Africa: Classical Era civilization

+Moroe- trade and fought with Egypt

+Axum: old Africa and obelisks

+Niger rivers and Bantu: rich agriculture expansion

Mesoamerica: classical era

+Maya: agriculture drained swamps, irrigation

+Teotihuacan: good military and grid like cities

Andes: Classical Efra

+Chavin: architecture, trade, highly religious

+Moche: replace Chavin, irrigation,

North America: ClassicalEra

+Pueblo : farming maize and pit houses

+Mound Builders: indepen

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#7 Philosophies China, Greece, and India 

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#7 Philosophies China, Greece, and India 

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Annakarel and Freddy

CHINA

confucianism

-Ban Zhao, better education for women
-moral and social harmony
-respect for elders
daoism
-Laozi (thinker)
ran counter-confucianism, daoism
legalism

-qin shihuandi leader of qin empiore

GREECE

greek rationalism

-the belief that lifes greatest issues lie within human thinking

- socrates, plato, aristotle

-an enduring significant of greek thinking

-coincided with the flourishing of greek city states.

-explanation of human life

christianity

-jesus

INDIA

hindhuism

Human soul or Atman being part of the Brahman.

-buddhism

-siddhart gautama

-suffering caiused by desire/attachment; end of suffering through spiritualness and meditation

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(Ben (The Baroness of Professional Wresling) and Will (Baron Connect Four III))

Silk Road

- Chinese, Muslim, Indian, Buddhism

Sand Road

- Sudan, Ghana, Mali, Songhay, Kanem

Sea Road

- Blended Chinese, Malays, Indians, Arabs, Swahili people (not literally)

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(Kul Tegin and Chenggis Khan)

Americas: Post-Classical States

+ Aztec: floating gardens, human sacrifice

+ Inca: terraced mountains, mita forced labor

Eurasia: 2nd Islamic Flowering

+ Safavid: only Shia empire

+ Ottoman Turks: dominated Silk Roads trade, ruled over diverse peoples

+ Mughals: ruled diverse population, united India

+ Europe: competing fragmented states, Renaissance

+ China: maritime voyages of Zheng He cancelled, Ming Dynasty

Austrialia: Paleolithic Persistance

Africa: still had stateless societies except for Songhay in West Africa