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Jean-Jacques Rousseau

1712 - 1778

was one of the most influential thinkers during the Enlightenment in eighteenth century Europe. His first major philosophical work, A Discourse on the Sciences and Arts, was the winning response to an essay contest conducted by the Academy of Dijon in 1750. In this work, Rousseau argues that the progression of the sciences and arts has caused the corruption of virtue and morality.

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Born: August 29, 1632

Died: October 28, 1704

Was a political philosopher who studied medicine. He wrote about education and epistemology, and these writings helped shape western philosophy.

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John Stuart Mill

Born: May 20, 1806

Death: May 8, 1873

Contributed to the social theory, political theory and political economy. Mill's conception of liberty justified the freedom of the individual in opposition to unlimited state control.

UTILITARIANISM: a theory stating that the best moral action is the one that increases utility-  well-being of sentient entities.

Social theory: Used to study and interpret social phenomena

Political theory: the study of the concepts and principles that people use to describe, explain, and evaluate political events and institutions.

Political economy: studying production and trade, and their relations with law and government.

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Birth:January 28, 1225

Died: March 7, 1274

Thomas Aquinias embraced aristotle ideas.He synthesize Aristotelian philosophy with the principles of Christianity.

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1.Born:470/469 BC

Death: 399 BC

2. Known for irony. He said the fact that he was poor was proof that he was a good teacher.

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Birth: July 4, 1646

Death: November 14, 1716

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz was a German philosopher, mathematician, and logician. He is known for having invented the differential and integral calculus.one of his work is

1663, baccalaureate thesis, De Principio Individui (‘On the Principle of the Individual’)

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1. Born: May 7, 1711

Death: August 25, 1776

2. He said to reject religions based on miracles. Our self is created by a continuing collection of

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Friedrich Nietzsche

Born: October 15, 1844

Death: August 25, 1900

Nietzsche was a German philosopher, essayist, and cultural critic. Nietzsche claimed the exemplary human being must craft his/her own identity through self-realization and do so without relying on anything transcending that life—such as God or a soul.

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Born: c. 384 BCE

Died: c. 322 BCE

Went to Plato's school. Created his own school, the Lyceum. The Lyceum was a school of students that wanted to learn as much as possible.

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Saint Augustine of Hippo

November 13, 354 AD. - August 28, 430 AD.

He is famous for being an inimitable Catholic theologian and for his agnostic contributions to Western philosophy. He argues that skeptics have no basis for claiming to know that there is no knowledge.