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A category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter.

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Describes a common type of image sensor format that's used in film photography.

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A twin-lens reflex camera is a type of camera with two objective lenses of the same focal length.

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A camera obscura is a darkened room with a small hole or lens at one side through which an image is projected onto a wall or table opposite the hole.

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The gelatin silver process is the most commonly used chemical process in black-and-white photography, and is the fundamental chemical process for modern analog color photography.

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A keeper or custodian of a museum or other collection.

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A public display of works of art or items of interest, held in an art gallery or museum or at a trade fair.

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A room or building for the display or sale of works of art.

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A building in which objects of historical, scientific, artistic, or cultural interest are stored and exhibited.

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A photographic studio is often a business owned and represented by one or more photographers, possibly accompanied by assistants and pupils, who create and sell their own and sometimes others’ photographs.

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Line is a point that continues; it implies motion. Lines are open and lead the eyes into a photograph or to an interesting point of the photo.

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Shape: A shape is two-dimensional. Yes, a photograph itself is two-dimensional, but a shape in a photograph doesn't have any appearance of depth.

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The definition of color is a component of light that is separated when it is reflected off of an object. Color is said to be three-dimensional because of its three unique aspects.

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The rule of space in photography is simply the act of adding visual space in front of the direction that an object is moving, looking or pointing to imply motion and direction and to lead the eye of the viewer.

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The visual quality of the surface of an object, revealed through variances in shape, tone and color depth. Texture brings life and vibrance to images that would otherwise appear flat and uninspiring.

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Value defines how light or dark a given color or hue can be. Values are best understood when visualized as a scale or gradient, from dark to light.

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Form in photography refers to the three-dimensional appearance of shapes and objects in a photo. It is one of the six essential elements of photography composition.

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Balance is the distribution of the visual weight of objects, colors, texture, and space. If the design was a scale, these elements should be balanced to make a design feel stable. In symmetrical balance, the elements used on one side of the design are similar to those on the other side; in asymmetrical balance, the sides are different but still look balanced. In radial balance, the elements are arranged around a central point and may be similar.

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Movement is the path the viewer’s eye takes through the work of art, often to focal areas. Such movement can be directed along lines, edges, shape, and color within the work of art.

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Pattern is the repeating of an object or symbol all over the work of art.

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Unity is the feeling of harmony between all parts of the work of art, which creates a sense of completeness.

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Variety is the use of several elements of design to hold the viewer’s attention and to guide the viewer’s eye through and around the work of art.

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Proportion is the feeling of unity created when all parts (sizes, amounts, or number) relate well with each other. When drawing the human figure, proportion can refer to the size of the head compared to the rest of the body.

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Emphasis is the part of the design that catches the viewer’s attention. Usually the artist will make one area stand out by contrasting it with other areas. The area could be different in size, color, texture, shape, etc.

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Radial balance is a form of symmetrical balance where elements within an image radiate outwards from a central point.

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In photography symmetry appears when parts of your composition mirror other parts. It is created when two halves of your scene look the same and balance each other out.

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When a photo is asymmetrical, it has unequal visual weight on either side. But those visual elements balance out each other.

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The definition of juxtaposition is placing two things together to show contrast or similarities. In photography, we use composition, forced perspectives or props to convey the contrasts in the picture.

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Abstract photography, sometimes called non-objective, experimental or conceptual photography, is a means of depicting a visual image that does not have an immediate association with the object world and that has been created through the use of photographic equipment, processes or materials.

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An image gradient is a directional change in the intensity or color in an image. The gradient of the image is one of the fundamental building blocks in image processing. ... Another name for this is color progression.

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Image result for cool colors photography def
The phrase cool color is used to describe any color that is calm or soothing in nature. Cool colors are not overpowering and tend to recede in space. For this reason, cool colors typically make a space seem larger.

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One group of colors in the color wheel is associated with the sun, warmth and fire. These colors are called warm colors since they evoke warm feelings in people.

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Neutral tones are often earth-colored tones that relate to the natural elements of an outdoor environment. Neutral tones can be the color of sand, the color of water, or the color of dust, for example.

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Complementary colors—that is, colors opposite one another on the color wheel—can be used very effectively in visual art, including photography.

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The definition of monochrome is an image displaying a single colour or different shades of a single color.

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Constructive criticism focuses on providing constructive feedback, supported by specific examples, to help you improve in some area.

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Copying an image from a book or the internet without citing the original source (or gaining permission of the creator when necessary) constitutes plagiarism.

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Photography ethics are the principles that guide how we take and share photographs. Photography ethics are subjective, contextual, and fluid, meaning that every person's ethics will be different, because ethics are based on a person's life experience and values.

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The difference between these two styles is that objective photography tries to show the world as it really is, while subjective photography tries to show the world as the photographer herself sees it.

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Under U.S. law, photographers ordinarily own the copyrights in their own photographs. Like with any content creator, the Copyright Act of 1976 grants photographers certain exclusive rights over their creations.

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The rule of thirds describes a basic compositional structure of a photograph. Taking any image, you can split it into 9 segments by using 3 vertical and 3 horizontal lines.

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Leading lines are lines that appear in a photograph that have been framed and positioned by the photographer to draw the viewer's eye towards a specific point of interest.

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The golden ratio is a ratio of approximately 1.618 to 1. Artists have used this ratio for centuries to create works of art from paintings to architecture.

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Simply put, positive space is the actual subject while negative space (also called white space) is the area surrounding the subject.

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Simply put, positive space is the actual subject while negative space (also called white space) is the area surrounding the subject.

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Invisible ultraviolet or infrared radiation. Black light causes fluorescent materials to emit visible light and is used to take pictures in the dark. noun.

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Diffused lighting is most commonly used in portrait photography. The even light is flattering for subjects because it eliminates shadows, softens the face, and allows the subject to relax without squinting.

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Ambient light can be defined as any form of light that you didn't add to your photo. This can include both natural and artificial lighting. It's important to note that any light that you as the photographer added to, or modified for the shoot is not considered ambient light.

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Chiaroscuro is the use of contrast in light and shading across an entire image composition. It is a technique that creates a three-dimensional quality in images on a two-dimensional plane.

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A silhouette is a solid, dark image of a subject against a brighter background. Silhouette pictures usually show the subject in profile.

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Two images combined into a single frame or presented together.

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A triptych is a group of 3 separate images displayed together.

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Orthographic projection, common method of representing three-dimensional objects, usually by three two-dimensional drawings in each of which the object is viewed along parallel lines that are perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.

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Barrel distortion describes a type of distortion wherein lines that are straight in real life appear to curve inwards (like the walls of a barrel).

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Pincushion distortion is the exact opposite of barrel distortion – straight lines are curved outwards from the center.

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For digital photography, ISO refers to the sensitivity—the signal gain—of the camera's sensor. The ISO setting is one of three elements used to control exposure; the other two are f/stop and shutter speed.

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The ASA (American Standards Association) scale is an arbitrary rating of film speed; that is, the sensitivity of the film to light.

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An image sensor is a device that allows the camera to convert photons – that is, light – into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the device.

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Film grain is the visible silver crystals in a film negative's emulsion. These light-sensitive silver halides change into pure metallic silver when exposed to light, which is how an image is captured on film.

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Just like with sound, where noise refers to auditory disruptions, in photography, the term digital noise refers to visual distortion.

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Aperture refers to the opening of a lens's diaphragm through which light passes.

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F-stop is the term used to denote aperture measurements on your camera. The aperture controls the amount of light that enters the camera lens, and it's measured in f-stops.

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Image result for lens focal length photography definition
The focal length of a lens is determined when the lens is focused at infinity. Lens focal length tells us the angle of view—how much of the scene will be captured—and the magnification—how large individual elements will be.

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Depth of field refers to how much is in focus in front of and behind the subject that is focused upon. “More” depth of field means that more is in focus. “Shallow” depth of field means that very little is in focus other than the subject.

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Bokeh effect is a popular photographic technique which uses blur to focus the viewer's attention on a specific area of an image.

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Auto Mode. Automatic Exposure is when the camera chooses the optimum shutter speed, aperture, ISO and flash settings for your shot. All you need to do is point and shoot.

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As the name suggests, “Manual” mode stands for a full manual control of Aperture and Shutter Speed.

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Allows the user to set a specific aperture value (f-number) while the camera selects a shutter speed to match it.

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Refers to a setting on some cameras that allows the user to choose a specific shutter speed while the camera adjusts the aperture to ensure correct exposure.

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This means that the camera still sets the exposure for you. It chooses the correct aperture and shutter speed for the light available, so your shot is correctly exposed.

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Shutter speed or exposure time is the length of time that the film or digital sensor inside the camera is exposed to light when taking a photograph.

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Bulb Mode is an exposure setting that is used when seeking to use a shutter speed of more than 30 seconds.

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Motion blur is the blur seen in moving objects in a photograph or a single frame of film or video. It happens because objects move during the time it takes to expose the photo or the frame, and the movement gets recorded as a blur.

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A monopod is a device for camera stabilization that has a single leg. ... Monopods can be advantageous in that they are often allowed in places that tripods aren't but stabilization is required for crisp shots.

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Camera shake is a term used to define the act of accidentally shaking a camera during shooting due to unsteady hands, which results in blurry images.

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Long exposure photography is the name given to the technique in which the camera's shutter is left open during a somewhat lengthy period of time.

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The photographing on motion-picture film of a slow and continuous process, as the growth of a plant, at regular intervals, especially by exposing a single frame at a time, for projection at a higher speed.

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Light painting is a photographic technique where light is “painted” or “drawn” into the photograph using a hand held light source during a long exposure.

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Panning in still photography refers to the technique of opening the camera shutter and then horizontally moving the camera before the shutter closes.

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A high-speed camera mode that is often used for shooting sports and other action events. Also called "continuous still recording," it allows still images to be taken in rapid succession so that the best photo can be selected later.

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18% grey comes from the world of print,m and is based on reflection. An 18% grey card reflects back 18% of the light that hits it.

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Spot metering allows the camera to measure the light reflected from the person's face and expose properly for that, instead of adjusting exposure for the much brighter light around the hairline.

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Partial metering covers only the centre 6.2% of the frame in the viewfinder, thus providing precise metering only for the subject.

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Center weighted metering is a camera metering mode. ... For example, if you are shooting a natural light portrait and have placed your subject in the center of the frame, the camera will determine the correct exposure for their face while placing a significantly lesser importance on the background.

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Evaluative metering is the default metering mode on most cameras. It ensures that the camera will automatically adjust to the right exposure setting even when the ambient lighting shows greater contrast.

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A shadow is defined as a contour of an object that forms due to the blockage of a light source. ... Shadow photography is also defined as the manipulation of the light source, exposure of the shadow to add or remove darkness from the image, and the increased dramatic depth of a photo.

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A mid-tone is precisely that – all luminance values that are not dark or light are considered to be mid-tones. Most of the time our camera meter will attempt to expose for this average brightness when in 'Automatic Mode.

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Highlights are the brightest elements in an image; shadows are the darkest parts. (1) - indicates the highlight areas of the images. In a color image, look for the lightest colors. In a grayscale image, look for the lightest gray or white areas. (2) - indicates the shadow areas of the images.

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A vignette is a darker border - sometimes as a blur or a shadow - at the periphery of photos. It can be an intentional effect to highlight certain aspects of the image or as a result of using the wrong settings, equipment or lens when taking a photo.

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Sepia toning is a chemical process used in photography which changes the appearance of black-and-white prints to brown. The color is now often associated with antique photographs.

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A specific part of the frame where the camera is able to focus on something.

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A technique where a photographer takes shots of the same image using different camera settings. This gives the photographer multiple variations of the same image to choose from or combine to ensure that they get the perfect shot.

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The amount of light that reaches the film or camera sensor when a picture is being taken.

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Used to alter exposure from the value selected by the camera, making photographs brighter or darker.

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Adjusting colors so that the image looks more natural. We go through the process of adjusting colors to primarily get rid of color casts, in order to try to resemble the colors in our images with reality.

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Location. Term. Workspace Switcher. Definition. Switches they layout and look of the environment.

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The toolbar is where Photoshop holds the many tools we have to work with. There are tools for making selections, for cropping and retouching images, for adding shapes and type, and many more!

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Are groups of tools used to edit and manipulate your image. Photoshop contains over two dozen palettes that can be shown or hidden by using the Window menu and selecting the palette you wish to reveal.

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Located at the very top of the program. The menu bar is used to open and save files, adjust the canvas size, access some of the editing tools, open and close various windows, and more.

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The options bar is used to choose settings for each tool.