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the population of almost 10 million grew to more than 14 million in 1821.

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Egypt Rosetta Stone, key to deciphering hieroglyphics, is discovered.

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Union Jack becomes official flag of Great Britain and Ireland.

Act of Union creates United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

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United States Louisiana Territory is purchased from France.

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France Napoleon crowns himself emperor.

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Battle of Trafalgar

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Central Europe Official end of the Holy Roman Empire

Germany Prussia declares war on France.

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United States Fulton’s steamboat navigates Hudson River.

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George III was declared insane, and his son was named the Prince Regent

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United States War with Britain is declared.

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George Stephenson constructs first successful steam locomotive.

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Belgium Napoleon is defeated at Waterloo.

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Eleven protesters are killed at Peterloo when peacefully demonstrating for labor reform.

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First steamship crosses the Atlantic.

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Robert Peel establishes Metropolitan Police in London.

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Liverpool to Manchester railway opens.

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First Reform Act extends voting rights

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William died , the daughter of his younger brother was next in the royal line.