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John William Mauchly was an American physicist who, alongside J. Presper Eckert, planned ENIAC and completed it by 1946, the primary broadly useful electronic computerized PC, just as EDVAC, BINAC(introduced in 1949) and UNIVAC I , the main business PC made in the United States

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The Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer, or ENIAC, was the first programmable general-purpose electronic digital computer created by the United States during World War II. ENIAC was a far cry from the ideal of a universal computer. It lacked several capabilities that would have made it a more general-purpose machine, as it was designed especially for computing numbers for artillery range tables. It employed plugboards to communicate instructions to the machine, which had the benefit of allowing the machine to run at electronic speed after the instructions were “programmed.” The all-electronic ENIAC would not have been able to keep up with instructions read through a card reader or other sluggish mechanical device. The drawback was that rewiring the equipment for each new problem took days. This was such a liability that it could only be described as programmable with some generosity. Despite this, ENIAC was the most powerful calculating machine ever created. It was the world's first programmable electronic digital computer.

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Charles Babbage (1820) Difference Engine. Charles Babbage designed difference engine in 1820 and completed it by 1822. It was a calculating device. It was used to tabulate polynomial functions. The machine used decimal system. This device can compute logarithmic functions and trigonometric function where it can compute many useful table of numbers.

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Lady Ada Augusta Lovelace (10 December 1815 – 27 November 1852)
She was an English mathematician and a writer chiefly known for her work on Charles Babbage's proposed mechanical general-purpose computer, and the Analytical Engine. Wrote simple hypothetical description of Babbage's analytical engine to solve the equations. On the basis of that description, she is renowned as a first programmer in the history of computer.

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Hollerith was an American inventor of the tabulating machine that was an important precursor of the electronic computer. By the time of the census of 1890, he had invented machines to record statistics by electrically reading and sorting punched cards that had been numerically encoded by perforation position. In 1896 Hollerith organized the Tabulating Machine Company, incorporated in New York, to manufacture the machines; through subsequent mergers, it grew into the International Business Machine (IBM).

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A Tabulating Machine is an electromechanical machine designed to assist to summarize the information primarily stored in punch cards. It was invented by Herman Hollerith with the aim to help process and compile the data for the 1980 U.S. census. He developed the tabulating machine in the late 1800s, with a patent issued in 1889. It included a punch for entering data about each person onto a blank card, a tabulator for summing up information, and a sorting box for sorting the tabulated cards for further analysis. He started the Tabulating Machine Company in 1911. His invention was successfully used to conduct the 1890 census and was widely used up to the 1940s and early 1950s. These devices gradually phased out when newer digital versions came on the horizon.

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John Von Neumann was born in 1903 December 28, in Budapest, Hungary. He was an Hungarian/American computer scientist, mathematician, engineer and physicist. He has made great contribution in the early development of computer. He was one of the conceptual inventors of the stored-programmed digital computer. He developed MANIAC (Mathematical Analyzer, Numerical Integrator, and Computer), and it was the fastest computer at that time of its type. He also developed the Von Neumann architecture which is a computer system that contains external mass storage, memory with data storage, control unit, processing unit, input and output mechanisms. He is also known for Abelian Von Neumann algebra, EDVAC, quantum logic and many more. He died in 1957 in USA.

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In 1961 USA was chasing Russia in the space race, Russia successfully became the first nation to launch the satellite. Soon after NASA realized the importance of computer and began their research and development for next lunar missions.