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四聲練習

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This series is has 4 parts. Each part has 5 videos, one for each possible tone combination. Videos contain 50 words taken from all 6 levels of the HSK. A native speaker pronounces each word, and time is given for you to repeat the words aloud.

Want to listen to just the audio? You can, and it loops for your studying pleasure. Downloadable PDFs are available for study on the go.

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Chinese Tone Pair Drills & Tone Pairs Practice Video Series

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This series is has 4 parts. Each part has 5 videos, one for each possible tone combination. Videos contain 50 words taken from all 6 levels of the HSK. A native speaker pronounces each word, and time is given for you to repeat the words aloud. Want to listen to just the audio?

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中文一 拼音練習

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練習拼音
1. Identify Tones 2. Match Pinyin to Sound 3. Pinyin Spelling 4. Tone Differences 5. Match Sound to Pinyin
https://www.laits.utexas.edu/ppp/practice.php?unit=1

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學習拼音
https://www.laits.utexas.edu/ppp/learning.php

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Each Chinese character is represented by a syllable and an accompanying tone; some characters may have more than one way to pronounce them.

A syllable consists of

a. an initial + a final

b. a final without an initial

An initial is a consonant.

A final can be

There are four (first, second, third and fourth) basic tones and a fifth tone referred to as the neutral tone.

The first tone is high and remains high with no change in pitch; e.g. mā

The second tone is a raising tone, which starts from the middle pitch and goes up to the high pitch; e.g., má

The third tone can be either a full third tone or a half third tone.

The full third tone shows a curve in pitch. It starts from the mid-low pitch and is raised to the mid-high pitch. mǎ

The half third tone has no change in pitch. It is low and remains low. In normal speech, a half-third tone is usually adopted unless the speaker wishes to place stress on a third-tone syllable. mǎ

When the first syllable of a disyllabic word is the third tone, the half third tone is nearly always adopted in normal speech. mǎlù

The fourth tone is a falling tone, which starts high and drops to the low pitch. mà

A neutral tone is light and low with no obvious change in pitch. ma

The tone marks representing the four basic tones are (the first tone), (the second tone), (the third tone) and (the fourth tone). There is no specific tone mark for the neutral tone.

Tone changes:

Two third tones are normally not pronounced in a row. The general rule is to change the first one into a second tone; e.g. nǐ hǎo; suǒyǐ.

When there are more than two third tones in a row, the general rule described above is still followed; however, where to pause in the speech can play a role in deciding which third tone will be changed into the second tone.

e.g. Famous cellist Yo-yo Mas name (Yǒuyǒu Mǎ) is normally pronounced 2nd ,2nd and 3rd, Yóuyóu Mǎ but when his name is pronounced with the last name first ( Mǎ Yǒuyǒu), it is normally 3rd, 2nd and 3rd Mǎ Yóuyǒu.

Character 一 (yi) can be pronounced in the first, the second or the fourth tone, depending on the tone following it.

It is pronounced in the second tone if it is followed by a four tone or a neutral tone; e.g. yí jiàn; yí ge.

It is pronounced in the fourth tone when it is followed by a first, second, or third tone; e.g. yì zhī; yì qún; yì zǔ

It can also be pronounced in the first tone no matter what tone follows it; e.g. yī zhī; yī qún; yī zǔ; yī jiàn; yī ge

Character 不 (bu) can be pronounced in either the second tone or the fourth tone depending on the tone following it.

It is pronounced in the fourth tone when it is followed by the first, the second or the third tone; e.g. bù shuō, bù néng, bùgǎn.

It is pronounced in the second tone when it is followed by a fourth tone; e.g. bú yào

It is pronounced in the fourth tone when nothing follows it; e.g., nà kě bù

Tone marks should not be put on top of initials.

Do not put tone marks above " i," " u" or " ü" when the final is or has a compound vowel. Other cases are ǎo, iú and uì.

"uo" never comes after b, p or m (bilabials sounds involving both lips) although the " u" part should be pronounced. This is because " u" is imbedded in the Chinese bilabial sounds.

" i" or " ü" never follows zh, ch, sh, r, z, c, s. On the other hand, j, q, x is ALWAYS followed by either " i" or " ü."

" e" in " ie" is pronounced differently from a regular " e". It is similar to the vowel in English yet or yes, whereas a regular " e" is similar (but not identical) to the vowel in English hut or bus.

" an," when following " i" or " ü," is pronounced differently from a regular " an," which is similar (but not identical) to the vowel in English line. " an" after " i" or " ü," is similar to the vowel in English den, or end.

" uen," when following an initial, is written as " un" e.g., dūn, hùn.

We need not and should not write " ü" for umlaut when " ü" follows j, q, x. This is because a regular " u" can never follow j, q, x; e.g. jǔ, qún, xuǎn.

The first letter of a proper name should be capitalized; e.g. Zhōngguó, Běijīng, Shànghǎi.

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Each Chinese character is represented by a syllable and an accompanying tone; some characters may have more than one way to pronounce them. A syllable consists of a. an initial + a final b. a final without an initial An initial is a consonant.

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學習和練習拼音
https://www.laits.utexas.edu/ppp/

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Color Sticker to Differentiate 4 Tones

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Start learning Mandarin Chinese with our awesome language learning stickers! You will learn 132 most important words in no time, just by placing your language learning labels around your home or office. Chinese VocabularyStickers include color-coding for tones, pinyin transcription, and an English translation.

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拼音練習

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汉语标准拼音

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GB/T 16159-2012 漢語拼音正詞法基本規則 Basic rules of the Chinese phonetic alphabet orthography

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ICS 01.140.10 A 14 中華人民共和國國家標準 GB/T 16159-2012 代替GB/T 16159-1996 漢語拼音正詞法基本規則 Basic rules of the Chinese phonetic alphabet orthography 2012-06-29 發布 2012-10-01 實施 本標準按照GB/T 1.1-2009給出的規則起草。 本標準代替GB/T 16159-1996《漢語拼音正詞法基本規則》。 本標準與GB/T 16159-1996相比，主要變化如下： 本標準由教育部語言文字信息管理司提出並歸口。 本標準主要起草單位：中國社會科學院語言研究所、教育部語言文字應用研究所。 本標準主要起草人:董琨、李志江、金惠淑、史定國、王楠、杜翔。 漢語拼音正詞法基本規則 本標準規定了用《漢語拼音方案》拼寫現代漢語的規則。內容包括分詞連寫規則、人名地名拼寫規則、大寫規則、標調規則、移行規則、標點符號使用規則等。為了適應特殊的需要，同時規定了一些變通規則。 本標準適用於文化教育、編輯出版、中文信息處理及其他方面的漢語拼音拼寫。 下列文件對於本標準的應用是必不可少的。凡是註日期的引用文件，僅註日期的版本適用於本文件。凡是不註日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改單）適用於本文件。 下列術語和定義適用於本文件。 語言裡最小的，可以獨立運用的單位。 給漢字註音和拼寫普通話語音的方案，1958年2月11日第一屆全國人民代表大會第五次會議批准。方案採用拉丁字母，並用附加符號表示聲調，是幫助學習漢字和推廣普通話的工具。 漢語拼音的拼寫規範及其書寫格式的準則。 1.

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How to input Chinese words in Google Document

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How to input Chinese words in Google Document

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如何在Google Document 中輸入中文

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[中文數位教學]Google Doc自帶中文輸入Chinese Pinyin input on Google Docs

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Start from English spelling

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拼音第一課 09-06-2016

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發音長圖

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Hacking Chinese

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Tones are, without doubt, one of the hardest parts of Chinese to master, and many students struggle with them even long after leaving the beginner stage of learning.

Understanding the basics of tones in Chinese isn't that hard and most people can do it relatively quickly with the right kind of instruction and some practice, but it's not easy to translate this knowledge into actual speaking ability.

I make tone mistakes occasionally myself, even though I have studied Chinese for more than a decade, but I'm pretty good at spotting them and repairing my own utterances.

I believe that mastering tone pairs is crucial for all students. In this article, I will do two things:

1. I will explain why tone pairs are so useful.

2. I will give you more tone combinations that you can possibly wish in the form of tone sorted HSK and TOCFL vocabulary lists.

If you want to skip my explanations and just get to the words, either scroll down or skip directly to the HSK and TOCFL lists or to the bottom of the article where I list the top 50 words for each combination.

Why tone pairs?

One problem with the way tones are normally taught is that way too much time is spent on single-syllable words.

This becomes an even bigger problem if the third tone is taught as a full falling-rising tone, which will lead to problems because that's not the way it's normally pronounced.

Therefore, the best way of practising tones in Chinese is to move to words consisting of two syllables as soon as possible.

Naturally, you can also practice sentences and intonation, but that's something different and if you find tones are hard to grasp in the first place, reading a long sentence and superimposing intonation certainly won't make things easier.

Mastering tone pairs is a must!

Practising Chinese tones in pairs

The reason disyllabic words are great is that most tone change (sandhi) rules apply, but a single word is still short enough to be focused on properly. It also makes sense to focus on these words because modern Mandarin has a very strong preference for disyllabic words, meaning that if you know all possible combinations really well, getting pronunciation in sentences right is mostly a matter of practise.

What I mean by this is that if you don't get the basic two-syllable combinations, you might not learn to produce correct sentences at all, regardless of how much you practise. If you do learn how to handle disyllabic words, you will probably be able to produce good sentences simply by paying attention and speaking more Chinese since you already have the basics down.

If you want a lot more guidance about how tones and tone pairs work to make sure you get them right, even if you study on your own, I offer a guide for learning tones and speaking confidently here:

Another thing to remember is that your tones might not be as good as you think. I think all students should try doing a blind test at least once, meaning that the listener doesn't know or guess the right answer and can't pretend to understand.

You will most likely find that there are problems you weren't aware of, even if you've studied Chinese for a while (some problems are really hard to spot without feedback). You can use my tone bingo game for this, which is very good at catching pronunciation problems and is quite fun as well.

More tone pairs for learning and teaching

Both when learning and teaching tones, it's useful to have a very large number of examples and to find examples that are already known words. My good friend Magnus Falk helped me to write a script that sorts word lists based on tones.

It actually turned out to take longer than he thought, but we now have a script that works fairly well. If you're a developer yourself, all necessary files are available on GitHub (the tone sorter is written in Python).

If you just want more tone combinations than you'll ever need, just keep on reading!

1,000 tone pairs, sorted by HSK or TOCFL level

First, I offer the complete lists for both HSK (simplified) and TOCFL (traditional), sorted by tone combination. You can download the lists here:

The lists contain words with more than two syllables as well, so if you want to practise three-syllable words, you just need to download the files. The polysyllabic words are of course also sorted by tone! The list also contains monosyllables, but mostly for the sake of comprehensiveness.

Second, I provide 1,000 tone pairs for quick reference below, including HSK level, Chinese characters and Pinyin. If you use the quick links to each section, you can hit "back" in your browser to get back to the index.

If you struggle with tones and want more guidance and help, I have built a more extensive guide that covers everything you need, including neat tone diagrams and manually recorded male and female audio. You can learn more here:
Hacking Chinese Tones: Speaking with Confidence T2 + T? T3 + T? T4 + T?
First tone + First tone

For more guidance with audio, click here.

First tone + Second tone

For more guidance with audio, click here.

First tone + Third tone

For more guidance with audio, click here.

First tone + Fourth tone

For more guidance with audio, click here.

First tone + Neutral tone

For more guidance with audio, click here.

Second tone + First tone

For more guidance with audio, click here.

Second tone + Second tone

For more guidance with audio, click here.

Second tone + Third tone

For more guidance with audio, click here.

Second tone + Fourth tone

For more guidance with audio, click here.

Second tone + Neutral tone

For more guidance with audio, click here.

Third tone + First tone

For more guidance with audio, click here.

Third tone + Second tone

For more guidance with audio, click here.

Third tone + Third tone

For more guidance with audio, click here.

Third tone + Fourth tone

For more guidance with audio, click here.

Third tone + Neutral tone

For more guidance with audio, click here.

Fourth tone + First tone

For more guidance with audio, click here.

Fourth tone + Second tone

For more guidance with audio, click here.

Fourth tone + Third tone

For more guidance with audio, click here.

Fourth tone + Fourth tone

For more guidance with audio, click here.

Fourth tone + Neutral tone

For more guidance with audio, click here.

Tips and tricks for how to learn Chinese directly in your inbox

I've been learning and teaching Chinese for more than a decade. My goal is to help you find a way of learning that works for you. Sign up to my newsletter for a 7-day crash course in how to learn, as well as weekly ideas for how to improve your learning!

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Focusing on tone pairs to improve your Mandarin pronunciation

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When learning to pronounce tones in Chinese, it makes sense to focus on words rather than single syllables. Most words in Mandarin are disyllabic and since practising these will also include tone changes (sandhi), focusing on tone pairs is recommended. This article gives you all HSK and TOCFL words, sorted by tone!

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Each Chinese character is represented by a syllable and an accompanying tone; some characters may have more than one way to pronounce them.

A syllable consists of

a. an initial + a final

b. a final without an initial

An initial is a consonant.

A final can be

There are four (first, second, third and fourth) basic tones and a fifth tone referred to as the neutral tone.

The first tone is high and remains high with no change in pitch; e.g. mā

The second tone is a raising tone, which starts from the middle pitch and goes up to the high pitch; e.g., má

The third tone can be either a full third tone or a half third tone.

The full third tone shows a curve in pitch. It starts from the mid-low pitch and is raised to the mid-high pitch. mǎ

The half third tone has no change in pitch. It is low and remains low. In normal speech, a half-third tone is usually adopted unless the speaker wishes to place stress on a third-tone syllable. mǎ

When the first syllable of a disyllabic word is the third tone, the half third tone is nearly always adopted in normal speech. mǎlù

The fourth tone is a falling tone, which starts high and drops to the low pitch. mà

A neutral tone is light and low with no obvious change in pitch. ma

The tone marks representing the four basic tones are (the first tone), (the second tone), (the third tone) and (the fourth tone). There is no specific tone mark for the neutral tone.

Tone changes:

Two third tones are normally not pronounced in a row. The general rule is to change the first one into a second tone; e.g. nǐ hǎo; suǒyǐ.

When there are more than two third tones in a row, the general rule described above is still followed; however, where to pause in the speech can play a role in deciding which third tone will be changed into the second tone.

e.g. Famous cellist Yo-yo Mas name (Yǒuyǒu Mǎ) is normally pronounced 2nd ,2nd and 3rd, Yóuyóu Mǎ but when his name is pronounced with the last name first ( Mǎ Yǒuyǒu), it is normally 3rd, 2nd and 3rd Mǎ Yóuyǒu.

Character 一 (yi) can be pronounced in the first, the second or the fourth tone, depending on the tone following it.

It is pronounced in the second tone if it is followed by a four tone or a neutral tone; e.g. yí jiàn; yí ge.

It is pronounced in the fourth tone when it is followed by a first, second, or third tone; e.g. yì zhī; yì qún; yì zǔ

It can also be pronounced in the first tone no matter what tone follows it; e.g. yī zhī; yī qún; yī zǔ; yī jiàn; yī ge

Character 不 (bu) can be pronounced in either the second tone or the fourth tone depending on the tone following it.

It is pronounced in the fourth tone when it is followed by the first, the second or the third tone; e.g. bù shuō, bù néng, bùgǎn.

It is pronounced in the second tone when it is followed by a fourth tone; e.g. bú yào

It is pronounced in the fourth tone when nothing follows it; e.g., nà kě bù

Tone marks should not be put on top of initials.

Do not put tone marks above " i," " u" or " ü" when the final is or has a compound vowel. Other cases are ǎo, iú and uì.

"uo" never comes after b, p or m (bilabials sounds involving both lips) although the " u" part should be pronounced. This is because " u" is imbedded in the Chinese bilabial sounds.

" i" or " ü" never follows zh, ch, sh, r, z, c, s. On the other hand, j, q, x is ALWAYS followed by either " i" or " ü."

" e" in " ie" is pronounced differently from a regular " e". It is similar to the vowel in English yet or yes, whereas a regular " e" is similar (but not identical) to the vowel in English hut or bus.

" an," when following " i" or " ü," is pronounced differently from a regular " an," which is similar (but not identical) to the vowel in English line. " an" after " i" or " ü," is similar to the vowel in English den, or end.

" uen," when following an initial, is written as " un" e.g., dūn, hùn.

We need not and should not write " ü" for umlaut when " ü" follows j, q, x. This is because a regular " u" can never follow j, q, x; e.g. jǔ, qún, xuǎn.

The first letter of a proper name should be capitalized; e.g. Zhōngguó, Běijīng, Shànghǎi.

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Each Chinese character is represented by a syllable and an accompanying tone; some characters may have more than one way to pronounce them. A syllable consists of a. an initial + a final b. a final without an initial An initial is a consonant.

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漢語拼音字母的道理

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漢語拼音是目前漢語最廣泛使用的拼音方案，儘管如此，有不少人詬病它對外國人不友好，不如 威妥瑪拼音，譬如c、x、q等字母，往往被讀作/kʰ/、/kʰs/和/kʰw/ 。這種說法的一大問題在於，默認外國人等於以英語爲母語的西方人（英國人、美國人）。從更廣的範圍來看，漢語拼音幾乎每個字母的音都不是隨意的訓讀，而是有章可循的。

爆破音

普通話音系中，爆破音分爲送氣和不送氣兩組，分別是p、t、k和b、d、g，對應的國際音標是/pʰ/、/tʰ/、/kʰ/和/p/、/t/、/k/。由於普通話沒有濁爆破音，威妥瑪拼音沒有使用b、d、g三個字母，而是用p'、t'、k'表示送氣音，p、t、k表示不送氣音。對於三個送氣爆破音，普通話的發音和英語是完全一樣的，所以直接使用了這三個字母，沒有任何爭議之處。而對於三個不送氣爆破音，使用b、d、g事實上也是和許多日耳曼語發音一致的，因爲譬如在英語、德語中，b、d、g在單詞開頭會清化爲不送氣音，也就是/p/、/t/、/k/ ，和普通話一樣。至於在詞中、詞尾保留濁音，普通話中並沒有這樣的音節，所以無需關心。

軟齶擦音

普通話中有一個軟齶擦音字母h，用於表示國際音標中的/x/。這個字母在英語、德語中的發音都是/h/，而在諸羅曼語（法語、意大利語、西班牙語等）中，h更是根本不發音。/h/和/x/的發音是略有不同的，這個細節容易被普通話母語者忽略，甚至也會被英語母語者忽略，但實際上不難聽出來/h/是比/x/ 的摩擦程度 「弱」很多的。所以可以認爲這兩個音在漢語甚至英語中是一個音位。

使用字母h表示/x/，漢語拼音並不是創新，威妥瑪拼音也使用了h。/x/在許多斯拉夫語言中很常見，譬如塞爾維亞-克羅地亞語有兩套書寫系統，分別是西里爾字母和拉丁字母，其拉丁字母h對應的西里爾字母是х，讀音爲/x/。 ISO 9西里爾字母拉丁轉寫標準 中，х也被轉寫爲h。

在有/h/、/x/對立的語言中，譬如德語、波斯語，/x/往往會被寫爲ch或kh。普通話沒有這種對立，所以沒有必要放棄字母h不用而捨近求遠。俄語另一種常用的轉寫標準 ALA-LC就把х轉寫爲了kh，結果就導致英語母語者把它唸成/kʰ/而不是/h/或者/x/，儘管對於英語母語者來說/x/更接近於/h/ 。

噝音

普通話有三個噝音s、sh、x，國際音標爲/s/、/ʂ/、/ɕ/。其中最沒有爭議就是齒齦擦音s，這個音在歐亞各個語言中都非常普遍。普通話中捲舌擦音sh和英語的sh/ʃ/ 略有不同，但差別不顯著，沒有音位對立。

漢語拼音字母x最有來頭，同時這個字母也讓許多英語母語者無所適從。在英語中x幾乎總是讀作/ks/，極少數時候讀作/z/。拉丁字母中x來自於希臘字母ξ/ksi/，在英語中保留了/ks/。但是x在古伊比利亞語中，發音是/ʃ/，目前的葡萄牙語中大部分x還都是/ʃ/，譬如xícara，西班牙語中也有少數詞讀/ʃ/。普通話中聲母爲x的音節的韻母都有/i/介音，而聲母爲sh的音節韻母都沒有/i/介音，兩者成了互補音位。/ɕi/和/ʃi/ 發音又相似，於是便借用了字母x。

值得一提的是西班牙語中許多x還唸作/x/，譬如Taxas。由於和字母j的發音相同，México又寫作Méjico。普通話中聲母爲x的字大部分都來自 尖團合流前的曉母、匣母和心母，如果只看曉母、匣母（兩者合併爲/x/ ），就和西班牙語有異曲同工之妙了。

塞擦音

擁有大量塞擦音是漢語與西方語言最顯著的區別。普通話有三組塞擦音，都有送氣和不送氣的對立，分別是z（/ts/）、c（/tsʰ/）、zh（/tʂ/）、ch（/tʂʰ/）、j（/tɕ/）、q（/tɕʰ/ ）。塞擦音送氣不送氣的對立在印歐語系語言中是很罕見的，據我所知只有亞美尼亞語有這樣的特徵，因此對西方人來說這幾組音是普通話聲母最難學之處。

齒齦塞擦音z和c的對立與意大利語相似，區別在於意大利語中z是濁塞擦音/dz/，c（元音i、e前）是清塞擦音/ts/，對送氣與否不敏感，z在德語中是清塞擦音/ts/。c這個字母在古典拉丁語中讀音是/k/，不分後面的元音，但是後來發生了齶化，致使c開始分軟硬，即洪音前保留/k/不變（硬音），在細音（i、e）前變成了塞擦音/ts/（軟音），即意大利語，後來進一步變成了噝音/s/（英語、西班牙語）。值得一提的是斯拉夫諸語言和阿爾巴尼亞語中，字母c在任何元音之前都表示/ts/ ，譬如ulica。這可能是古代最早使用拉丁字母的斯拉夫人，在巴爾幹半島遇到了意大利人，於是把意大利語中僅有的可以表示這個音的字母借了過去。這樣斯拉夫諸語言中的c和漢語拼音中的c恰好一樣。

捲舌塞擦音zh和ch幾乎是漢語特有的，很難在歐洲語言中找到對應。ch（/tʂʰ/）和英語的ch（/tʃʰ/）近似，並且普通話和英語都不能區分兩者，所以使用得很有道理。zh應該說是漢語拼音的獨創，因爲zh在歐洲語言中大多用來轉寫/ʒ/這個音，譬如俄語護照姓名轉寫。姓張的人在聽英語母語者叫名字的時候，應該對這個音有所體會。漢語拼音zh仿造了z和c的關係，將ch不送氣化。臺灣 通用拼音 使用了jh這個字母組合，爲的是兼顧英語母語者發音，因爲在英語中至少j是塞擦音。

齦齶塞擦音也是普通話的一個較爲獨特的發音。漢語拼音中j用來表示不送氣的/tɕ/，q用來表示送氣的/tɕʰ/。j在英語中是一個塞擦音，與/tɕ/有相似之處，漢語拼音拿來借用。但是j在更多的語言中的發音其實是/j/，包括德語、北日耳曼語、斯拉夫諸語，如果不知道這一點，像斯洛文尼亞首都Ljubljana這樣的詞硬是按照英語發音就會變得詰屈聱牙。用q表示/tɕʰ/應該是漢語拼音最與衆不同的地方了，沒有任何其他語言中q讀作近似的音。但是這也並非隨意安排，而是有一定道理的，在漢語拼音誕生之前，曾經有過一種區分尖團音的 拉丁化新文字 。拉丁化新文字把尖音聲母寫作zi、ci、si，把團音聲母寫作gi、ki、xi。實際上gi、ki、xi反映了近代官話見組聲母齶化之前的發音。漢語拼音決定不區分尖團音以後，ki被讀音近似的q代替也是順理成章的。

齒齦近音

普通話中r的發音是/ɹ/或/ɻ/，這個字母在英語中讀作/ɹʷ/ ，與普通話的r相當接近，只是多了脣化。

順帶一提，在大部分其他歐洲語言中，r更常見的發音是/r/或/ɾ/（如意大利語、西班牙語、俄語、奧地利德語、比利時荷蘭語），這也是拉丁語對r發音的定義。但是在西歐以法國爲中心，r出現了喉音化（guttural）現象，也就是把r發作小舌擦音/ʁ/、/χ/或小舌顫音/ʀ/。這種現象的出現跟社會文化有關，從二十世紀的法國開始，齒齦顫音/r/被看成了一種沒有教養、土氣、粗俗的音，而發成小舌音則是受過教育、上流社會的象徵。這種印象至今還普遍存在於英法人的心中，例如音樂劇「歌劇魅影」中，劇院中反面角色原先女主角Carlotta在唱「Think of Me」的時候就把r發成了濃重的齒齦顫音（ Youtube），而試唱的新女主角Christine則把r發成近音（ Youtube ），迅速博得了劇院老闆的青睞。

下圖是20世紀70年代時歐洲喉音化r的分佈地圖，深紫色爲普遍，淺紫色爲在受教育者中普遍，淺褐色爲在部分受教育者中出現，深褐色爲不常見。

其他沒有爭議的字母

剩下的幾個字母m、n、l 、y、w的發音對全世界大多數人來說都沒有什麼障礙，也沒有什麼差異。

上次修改時間 2017-03-16

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漢語拼音是目前漢語最廣泛使用的拼音方案，儘管如此，有不少人詬病它對外國人不友好，不如 威妥瑪拼音，譬如c、x、q等字母，往往被讀作/kʰ/、/kʰs/和/kʰw/ 。這種說法的一大問題在於，默認外國人等於以英語爲母語的西方人（英國人、美國人）。從更廣的範圍來看，漢語拼音幾乎每個字母的音都不是隨意的訓讀，而是有章可循的。 ...

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拼音大圖表 讀音較長

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Chinese Pinyin Chart (with Audios and Download PDF)

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Using this Chinese Pinyin Chart and listen to the audios of the Chinese pronunciation system. You can also download as PDF or embed it to your website.

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標注四聲口訣歌曲

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紫萱文化/標注彩色拼音/馬上聽讀音

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拼音圖表

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Interactive Pinyin Chart

Complete with audio demonstrations and video explanations for English speakers

| | b | p | m | f | d | t | n | l | g | k | h | j | q | x | z | c | s | zh | ch | sh | r
"i" as a filler | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | zi | ci | si | zhi | chi | shi | ri
a | a | ba | pa | ma | fa | da | ta | na | la | ga | ka | ha | | | | za | ca | sa | zha | cha | sha |
ai | ai | bai | pai | mai | | dai | tai | nai | lai | gai | kai | hai | | | | zai | cai | sai | zhai | chai | shai |
an | an | ban | pan | man | fan | dan | tan | nan | lan | gan | kan | han | | | | zan | can | san | zhan | chan | shan | ran
ang | ang | bang | pang | mang | fang | dang | tang | nang | lang | gang | kang | hang | | | | zang | cang | sang | zhang | chang | shang | rang
ao | ao | bao | pao | mao | | dao | tao | nao | lao | gao | kao | hao | | | | zao | cao | sao | zhao | chao | shao | rao
e | e | | | me | | de | te | ne | le | ge | ke | he | | | | ze | ce | se | zhe | che | she | re
ei | ei | bei | pei | mei | fei | dei | | nei | lei | gei | | hei | | | | zei | | | zhei | | shei |
en | en | ben | pen | men | fen | | | nen | | gen | ken | hen | | | | zen | cen | sen | zhen | chen | shen | ren
eng | eng | beng | peng | meng | feng | deng | teng | neng | leng | geng | keng | heng | | | | zeng | ceng | seng | zheng | cheng | sheng | reng
er | er | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
i | yi | bi | pi | mi | | di | ti | ni | li | | | | ji | qi | xi | | | | | | |
ia | ya | | | | | dia | | | lia | | | | jia | qia | xia | | | | | | |
ian | yan | bian | pian | mian | | dian | tian | nian | lian | | | | jian | qian | xian | | | | | | |
iang | yang | | | | | | | niang | liang | | | | jiang | qiang | xiang | | | | | | |
iao | yao | biao | piao | miao | | diao | tiao | niao | liao | | | | jiao | qiao | xiao | | | | | | |
ie | ye | bie | pie | mie | | die | tie | nie | lie | | | | jie | qie | xie | | | | | | |
in | yin | bin | pin | min | | | | nin | lin | | | | jin | qin | xin | | | | | | |
ing | ying | bing | ping | ming | | ding | ting | ning | ling | | | | jing | qing | xing | | | | | | |
iong | yong | | | | | | | | | | | | jiong | qiong | xiong | | | | | | |
iou | you | | | miu | | diu | | niu | liu | | | | jiu | qiu | xiu | | | | | | |
o | o | bo | po | mo | fo | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
ong | | | | | | dong | tong | nong | long | gong | kong | hong | | | | zong | cong | song | zhong | chong | | rong
ou | ou | | pou | mou | fou | dou | tou | | lou | gou | kou | hou | | | | zou | cou | sou | zhou | chou | shou | rou
u | wu | bu | pu | mu | fu | du | tu | nu | lu | gu | ku | hu | | | | zu | cu | su | zhu | chu | shu | ru
ua | wa | | | | | | | | | gua | kua | hua | | | | | | | zhua | | shua |
uai | wai | | | | | | | | | guai | kuai | huai | | | | | | | zhuai | chuai | shuai |
uan | wan | | | | | duan | tuan | nuan | luan | guan | kuan | huan | | | | zuan | cuan | suan | zhuan | chuan | shuan | ruan
uang | wang | | | | | | | | | guang | kuang | huang | | | | | | | zhuang | chuang | shuang |
uei | wei | | | | | dui | tui | | | gui | kui | hui | | | | zui | cui | sui | zhui | chui | shui | rui
uen | wen | | | | | dun | tun | | lun | gun | kun | hun | | | | zun | cun | sun | zhun | chun | shun | run
ueng | weng | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
uo | wo | | | | | duo | tuo | nuo | luo | guo | kuo | huo | | | | zuo | cuo | suo | zhuo | chuo | shuo | ruo
ü | yü | | | | | | | nü | lü | | | | jü | qü | xü | | | | | | |
üan | yüan | | | | | | | | | | | | jüan | qüan | xüan | | | | | | |
üe | yüe | | | | | | | nüe | lüe | | | | jüe | qüe | xüe | | | | | | |
ün | yün | | | | | | | | | | | | jün | qün | xün | | | | | | |

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Interactive Pinyin Chart to master Chinese pronunciation. Complete with audio demonstrations and video explanations for English speakers.

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汉语拼音正词法基本规则

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Top 5 Chinese Mistakes to Avoid - Chinese Pronunciation

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打出拼音+ tone mark

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Instantly convert pinyin using numbers into pinyin with tone markers, for example Zhong1wen2 becomes Zhōngwén.

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中文轉拼音 | 漢字轉拼音

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用iPad/iPhone app 練習拼音

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On-line Practice

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InputKing Online Input System is a web-based multilingual input method editor (IME). To use this tool, you don't need to download and install any software on your computer. Also it is much more convienient than ordinary virtual keyboard input method.

System Requirement:
Your browser must be able to properly display the language that you want to type.

Supported Operating Systems:
Windows, Mac, Linux, UNIX, etc.

Supported Browsers:
Internet Explorer (IE), Firefox, Safari, Opera, Chrome, etc.

InputKing.com provides this online service for free.

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InputKing online IME - type your language on any computer

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With this free tool, you can input Chinese (both simplified character and traditional character), Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, Indian languages, Russian, Danish accents, Dutch accents, Finnish accents, French accents, German accents, Italian accents, Spanish accents, and Swedish accents on almost any computer. No software installation is required.

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有隻可愛的小熊貓

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鉴于此版仅是试用版本，尚有许多有待修改和补充内容。在此诚祈您能在体验和使用这套教材时，不吝提供宝贵意见和建议。

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繁拼 繁注 簡拼 簡注 加註拼音或注音音符

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我们是一群天涯游子，一群寄居海外多年的父母，可对于故土的文化，我们依旧是那样的眷恋。我们更希望我们的子女不要远离了这经过五千年智慧浸润的文化精髓，所以，我们每天都要问我们的子女一声："今天，你的中文学得怎样了？"

中文难学。即便是对于这些在家父母坚持用中文交流的孩子，学中文也不易。往往小学时还上一些课后的中文班，程度却远不及中国的小学。等到高中大学，中文一股脑的抛于脑后，成了只会听一点，说写都困难的ABC了。中文难就难在生字无法读上。英文是拼音文字，即使不懂也可读出来。对于，终日用英语交流的孩子，读出来了，也就大多猜到意思了。所以，二三年级的小学生已可以毫不费力的阅读各种英文书籍了。对于日常会用中文交流的孩子，阅读中文却困难的多，遇到生字读不出更别提猜意思了。于是，读中文就变的枯燥异常。

学会拼音或注音符号，对学中文会有很大的帮助。见孩子学了拼音之后可以囫囵吞枣地读下一篇注音读物，心里很高兴。囫囵吞枣地范读，也是学语言的一种良方。记得在中国学英语的时候，捧一本课本背了忘，忘了背，却毫无进展。倒是有了电脑之后，装一个随机中英字典在网上浏览各个网站，不懂的词点一下，囫囵吞枣地看，不记也不背，反而词汇量大增。

对于海外学中文的人，寻找相应的注音读物又是难事。中国的注音读物大多是针对学龄前，及一二年级小学生的童话儿歌之类，对大一点的孩子及成年人的注音读物几乎没有。于是，我便挤时间编写了个中文注音器，一有好的文章就通过注音器加注拼音，然后打印出来给孩子阅读。我之所需岂非人只所需？于是就有了这个建立在线注音图书馆的想法。希望这个注音图书馆可以为学习中文的人提供切实的帮助

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拼音，注音，中文，图书馆，中文书籍，中文学习，chinese

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拼音，注音，中文，图书馆，中文学习工具，Chinese Learning Tools, Chinese PinYin Marker, Chinese ZhuYin Marker,Dictionary, phonetic symbols

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Add Pinyin Above Chinese Character 拼音標注 普學網 (iPad) (繁簡)

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Add Pinyin Above Chinese Character 拼音標注 普學網 (iPad) (繁簡)

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1000字以內繁簡字＋聲音檔＋變調,多音 (破音)字

(建議使用Firefox)

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拼音的介紹

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MIT 的拼音練習