# data[].attributes.headline
the role of female in the past vs. present

# data[].attributes.subject
the role of female in the past vs. present

# data[].attributes.body
the basics

feminism is a political movement; it exists to rectify sexual inequalities, strategies for social change vary

inequality between men and women is the most significant

gender norms are socially constructed, not determined by biology

difference and postmodern feminism

do not see women as a single homogenous group: criticised preceding feminist theory for claiming a ‘false universality’ (white, western heterosexual, middle class)

critiqued preceding feminist theory as being part of the masculinist enlightenment project

criticised preceding feminists theory of being essentialist

PM fem - concerned with language (discourses) and the relationship between power and knowledge rather than ‘politics and opportunities’

liberal feminism

do not seek revolutionary changes, work within the existing structures

the creation of equal opportunities is the main aim of liberal feminists - e.g. the sex discrimination act and the equal pay

both men and women are harmed by gender inequalities: socialisation into traditional gender roles produces rigid, inflexible expectations of men and women

discrimination prevents women from having equal opportunities

liberal feminist ideas have had most impact on women’s lives - e.g. mainstreaming

marxist feminism

in communist society, marxist feminists believe that gender inequalities will disappear

more sensitive to differences between women who belong to the ruling class and proletarian families

women’s subordination benefits capitalism

women absorb anger — women keep the husbands going

because the husband has to support his wife and children, he is more dependent on his job and less likely to demand wage increases

women reproduce the labour force for free (socialisation is done for free)

capitalism rather than patriarchy is the principal source of women’s oppression

radical feminism

social is patriarchal — men are the ruling class, and women the subject class: rape, violence and pornography are methods through which men maintain power over women. (dworkin, 1981)

rosemarie tong (1998) two groups of radical feminists:

radical libertarian feminists aim for a state of androgyny

radical-cultural feminists believe in the superiority of the feminine - celebrate characteristics associated with femininity such as emotion

strategies for change

political lesbianism

campaigns against objectification/DV

separatism - women only communes, and matrifocal households

# data[].attributes.body
---feminism, liberty/equality(depend on specific issues)
---past & present ( black photo and vivid color image)
---modern & traditional
--- famous advertising
---living stuff to make image of series of life
can use special effects to make more believable