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A secret organization that used terrorist tactics in an attempt to restore white supremacy in Southern states after the Civil War

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A system in which landowners give farm workers land, seed, and tools in return for a part of the crops they raise

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A Northerner who moved to the south after the Civil War

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A white southerner who joined the Republican party after the Civil War

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An amendment to the U.S. Constitution, adopted in 1870, that prohibits the denial of voting rights to people because of their race or color or because they have previously been slaves

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An amendment to the U.S. constitution, adopted in 1868, that makes all persons born or naturalized in the United States - including former slaves - citizens of the country and guarantees equal protection of the laws

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The Radical Republicans were a wing of the Republican Party organized around an opposition to slavery before and during the Civil War and a campaign to secure rights for freed slaves during Reconstruction

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The period of Rebuilding that followed the Civil War, during which the defeated Confederate states were readmitted to the Union

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A federal agency set up to help former slaves after the Civil War

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An amendment to the U.S. Constitution, adopted in 1865, that has abolished slavery and involuntary servitude

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A famous speech delivered by Abraham Lincoln in November 1863, at the dedication of a national cemetery on the site of the Battle of Gettysburg

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A tax on earnings

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The drafting of citizens for military service

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An executive order issued by Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, freeing the slaves in all regions behind Confederate lines

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The Confederate States of America, a confederation formed in 1861 by the Southern states after their secession from the Union

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A system of routes along which runaway slaves were helped to escape to Canada or to safe areas in the free states

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A system in which the residents vote to decide an issue

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The formal withdrawal of a state from the Union