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Massive Pons

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Tension test
EMG
Serum antibodies

Bilateral 7th nerve:

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Optic neuritis infl eg MS ischaemic optic neuritis (arteritic vs non)

Causes of pale disc: optic nerve atrophy causes- includes compressive causes such as optic nerve tunours, meningioma ,

Tensolin test Anti acterylcholinesterase  inhibitors emg

Bilateral acoustic neuroma in nf2, cpa huge ,

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MRI brain is normal optic nerve sheathing present

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MRI brain is normal optic nerve sheathing present

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VA
Color vision
Visual field
Pupil
RAPD

3.ischemic
Compressive
Infiltrative
Traumatic
4.
Optic n. Function
alternate flashlight test
5.

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Pale disc: nerve atrophy due to ischemia
Edrophonium
Anti acetylcholine receptor antibodies
SingLe Fibre EMG
Guillain barre syndrome
Benign raised icp

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Raised intracranial pressure secondary to:
Space occupying lesion-

Ventricular outflow obstruction

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Causes of raised intracranial pressure

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Malig htn

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EMG
Blood test for antibodies
Nerve conduction studies

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Optic neuritis
PVD
RD

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Tensilon test
Nerve conduction studies
Ice pack test
Investigations
- check for anti-cholinergic receptor antibodies

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Benign raised intracranial pressure
Malignant hypertension
Space occupying lesions
Intracranial hemorrhafe

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Pons tumour
Infections

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Neuro-ophthalmology OSCE