# data[].attributes.body
- Geo: Lack of resources
- Disasters: earthquakes, tsunamis, typhoons, volcanoes
- Adopted problematic ideals from China (Confucianism - how it treats women)
- Adopted Feudalism
-  Emperor became useless
- Mandate of Heaven can never be revoked
- Control fell to local daimyos= warring states
- Firearms and Christianity = deadlier conflict (now with guns)

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- Terrace farming
- Created Shinto (worshiped ancestor/nature spirits (kami))
- Adopted religion, language, art, and govt structure from China
- Samurais
- Defeated Mongols invasions in late 1200s
- Foreign trade flourish (firearms and Christianity)
- Haikus and Kabuki theater

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- Psychological Warfare (scare tactics, ambushes, etc.)
-  Soldiers
- Skilled
- Ruthless
- Brave
- Resilient

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- Failed to conquer Japan
- Overthrown by peasant rebellion
- Killed millions of people in conquests

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Fall:
- Corruption
-split country into North & South

- Invasion from outside Song empire (you guessed it: Mongols)
- Joined with Mongols                                       - Mongols betrayed them (shocker)
- Yuan Dynasty (Mongols) take over - Kublai Khan

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Ethnocentrism:
- Thought they were better than everyone else
- Forced tributary states to adopt China's culture
- Start of practices like kow-tow
Neo-Confucianism:
- Women lose rights
- less opprotunities for work
- more expected to stay at home and be a "good wife"
- foot binding
Fall:
- Corruption
- Drought
- Rebellion
- Chaos before Song

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- More land in 25 yrs than anyone else in human history (ex: the Romans in 400 yrs) (over 4 million square miles)
- Religious tolerance
- Ordered writing system created (based on Arabic)
- Abolished torture
- valued laws
- Made kidnapping of women illegal
- United China since Song Dynasty
- Opened China to foreign contacts/trade
- Adopted/spread Islam & Buddhism (through trades routes like Silk Road
- Pax Mongolia
- Conquests of Persia and Russia

# data[].attributes.body
- Cannons

- Paper money

- Magnetic Compass

- Movable type
- Arithmetic, Algebra, and Negative Numbers
- Painting using black paint (inspired by Daoism
- New form of rice (2x of crops)

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- Gunpowder
- Mechanical Clock
- Porcelain
- 1st book of all known medicines
- Calligraphy & poetry
- Expanded empire to “outer China”,  Mongolia, & Central Asia
- Made Vietnam, & Korea tributary states
- First and only female emperor: Empress Wu Zetian