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Good day everyone and welcome to our padlet!
Our group will explain Unit 19 : Adverb Clauses. Before understanding the different types of clauses, it is important to understand what a clause is.  A clause is a group of related words that contains both a subject and a verb. On the other hand, if a group of related words does not contain a subject with an attached verb, it is simply a phrase. Let's go through together.

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An adverb clause is a group of words that function as an adverb. The clause can modify verbs, adverbs and adjectives by telling when, where, why, how, how much and under what condition. They begin with a subordinating conjunction (such as after, if, because and although) and they contain a subject and a predicate. Here are the types of adverb clauses :
a) Adverb Clauses of Time
b) Adverb Clauses of Place
c) Adverb Clauses of Reason
d) Adverb Clauses of Condition
e) Adverb Clauses of Contrast

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Please feel free to answer the questions or at least read the contents of this padlet in order to understand more about adverb clauses.
You can ask any question related to our topic within the padlet.
Thank you :)

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An adverb clause of time shows when something happens.  It is usually introduced by time adverbs. Examples are: before, after, as, when, while, until, as soon as, since, no sooner than, as long as etc. Note that all adverb clauses are subordinate clauses. They cannot stand on their own and must be attached to an independent clause.

Read the examples given below.

I always take a bath before I go to bed.

Will you wait here until I am ready?

I was not at home when he came to see me.

Do not disturb me when I am busy with my work.

As soon as she finished that project, she started working on the next.

After I have finished my work, I will accompany you to the park.

ADDITIONAL NOTES
An adverb clause of time can come before or after the main clause. When it comes before the main clause, we usually separate it with a comma. Commas are not necessary when the adverb clause goes after the main clause.

Whenever I think of her, my eyes get misty.

My eyes get misty whenever I think of her.

If you are talking about something that is yet to happen in the future, use a present tense in the adverb clause and a future tense in the main clause.

I will start when I am ready. (NOT I will start when I will be ready.)

I will not go until I get my money back. (NOT I will not go until I will get my money back.)

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Adverb clauses of condition are introduced by the subordinating conjunctions if, whether, provided that, so long as and unless.

If you heat ice, it melts.

You may come, if you want to.

You won’t pass unless you work hard.

You will be shot unless you give me the keys of the locker.

There will be no problem provided that you keep your mouth shut.

You will have to take the medicine whether you like it or not.

You may have noticed that the adverb clause of condition gives the circumstances under which the action in the main clause will take place.

Omission of if

Sometimes the conjunction if is omitted.

Were the child mine, I would have taken it to a doctor. (= If the child were mine, I would have taken it to a doctor.)

Should you meet my brother, tell him that I have gone to the railway station. (= If you meet my brother, tell him that I have gone to the railway station.)

Clauses of condition are sometimes introduced by a relative pronoun, or adjective or adverb.

Whatever happens keep calm.

However cleverly you may cheat, you will ultimately get caught.

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English Lessons with Adam - Learn English [engVid]

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Learn English Grammar: The Adverb Clause

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1. (when)
I will buy a new car.
I will get my end of the year bonus.
2. (since)
Jennifer started taking piano        lessons.

Jennifer has been very busy.
3. (the first time)
Tim went to Great Adventure.

Tim was too scared to go on any roller coasters.
4. (the next time)

I will buy some yogurt.

I will go to the store.

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Choose the word or phrase that correctly completes each sentence.

Example: You won’t be a champion (if/unless) you practice regularly.
Answer  : unless

1. (Since/Eventhough) the team is in playoffs, I doubt they’ll win the title.

2. Nelson and Elena don’t go dancing (once/now that) they have children.

3.  We’ll be leaving (as soon as/since) she arrives.

4. (Once/As) Bahdoon gets used to his new position, he’ll be a great help.

5. (Whenever/As) Hai was running toward the goal line, he sprained his ankle.

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Adverbs clauses of contrast are used to make two statements, one of which contrast with the other or make it seem surprising.  They are introduced by the subordinating conjunctions like “although, though, even though, despite, in spite of, whereas, while, even if and however.

-Though, Although & Even though
We use though , although and even though to contrast two opposite meanings(positive and negative) and it always gives unexpected results.
Examples:

Though/Although he has plenty of money, he doesn’t spend much.

We enjoyed our camping holiday though/although it rained every day.

We decided to buy the house even though we didn’t really have enough money.

Even though the exam was easy, I failed.

-Despite and In spite of
Despite and in spite of are prepositions which are used with phrase to show contrast and after them we use a noun or a pronoun.
Examples:

We enjoyed our camping holiday in spite of the rain.

Despite the pain in his leg, he completed the marathon.

-Whereas and While
We use while or whereas to make a direct contrast.
Example:

While/Whereas downhill skiing is very expensive, cross-country skiing is cheap.

Notes: Whereas is used in formal written English and careful speech.

While is used to introduce both a clause of contrast and a clause of time.
Examples:

While they lost the game, they played their best. (contrast)

We ate while we were watching the game. (time)

-Even if
Even if is used to emphasize that, although something may happen or may be true, it will not change a situation.
Examples:

I would not tell you even if I knew.

Even if she survives, she’ll never fully recover.

-However
However is used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or seems to contradict something that has been said previously.
Examples:

However you look at it, you can’t criticize that.

He was feeling bad. He went to work, however, and tried to concentrate.

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Types of adverb clauses with simple examples

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Types of adverb clauses with simple examples

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(a) Adverbs Clauses of Time

After the chores are done, we will eat ice cream.

When the clock strikes midnight, she has to leave.

(b) Adverbs Clauses of Place

Wherever there is music, people will often dance.

If you know where they live, you can drop in for a visit.

(c) Adverbs Clauses of Reason

So that he would not ruin the carpet, he took off his shoes.

He ate vegetables in order to stay healthy.

(d) Adverbs Clauses of Condition

If you save some money, you can buy a new game.

Unless you hurry, you will be late for school.

(e) Adverbs Clauses of Contrast

Even though you are 13, you can’t go to that movie.

Although you gave it your best, you did not win the match.

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Adverbs of clauses of place indicate where something happens. They are usually placed after the main verb or after the clause that they modify. Adverbs of place do not modify adjectives or other adverbs. Some examples of adverbs of place are wherever, anywhere, here, around, inside etc.

Examples:

1.       Where there is a will, there is a way.

2.       Wherever you go, never forget to eat.

ADVERBS OF PLACE ENDING IN-WHERE

Adverbs of place that end in-where express the idea of location without specifying a specific location or direction.

Examples :

1.       I searched everywhere I could think of.

2.       I have nowhere to go.

HERE AND THERE

Here and there are common adverbs of place. They give a location relative to the speaker. With verbs of movement, here means “towards or with speaker” and there means “away from, or not with the speaker”.

Examples:

1.       Come here!

2.       Put it there.

Here and there are combined with prepositions to make many common adverbial phrases.

Examples:

1.       What are you doing up there?

2.       Come over here and look what I found.

Here and there are placed at the beginning of the sentence in exclamations or when emphasis is needed. They are followed by the verb if the subject is a noun or by a pronoun if the subject is a pronoun.

Examples:

1.       Here comes the bus!

2.       There it is!

ADVERBS OF PLACE THAT ARE ALSO PREPOSITIONS

Many adverbs of place can also be used as prepositions. When used as prepositions, they must be followed by a noun.

Examples:

1.       I am wearing a necklace around my neck.

2.       Let’s hide behind the shed.

ADVERBS OF PLACE ENDING IN-WARDS

Adverbs of place that end in-wards express movement in a particular direction

Examples:

1.       The ship sailed westwards.

2.       The balloon drifted upwards.

BE CAREFUL: Towards is a preposition, not an adverb, s it is always followed by a noun or a pronoun.

Examples:

1.     He walked towards the car.

2.     She ran towards me.

ADVERBS OF PLACE EXPRESSING BOTH MOVEMENT AND LOCATION

Some adverbs of place express both movement and location at the same time.

Examples:

1.     The child went indoors.

2.     He lived and worked abroad.

3.     Water always flows downhill.

4.     The wind pushed us sideways.

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Correct the mistakes in bold words or phrases

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Correct the mistakes in bold words or phrases

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1. I visit my cousin wherever I'm in town.
2. Until she arrives, we'll be leaving.
3. Whereas he exercises will he lose weight?
4. Because they play with great skill, they lost the game.
5. Only if I study for days, I'm not likely to earn an "A".

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To indicate why something happens. They are introduced by as, because,  since, that, before, unless, so that, if, even though, whenev

Examples:
1. I sing because i like singing.
2. As he was badly hurt, he had to drop of the game.
3. Since he didn't register in time, he can't play.
4. I am glad that you like this town.

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Combine the following sentences using the subordinators of reason clause (because, since, or as).

1.    The officials decided to cancel the football match. The weather was very bad.

2.    Indonesia is located on the equator line. It has only two seasons.

3.    Today is the grand opening of the new market. Most sellers sell their goods cheaply.

4.    The terrible accident killed 6 passengers. The driver felt sleepy.

5.    There are a lot of demands. The price is always higher and higher.

answer:
1. the officials decided to cancel the football match because the weather was very bad.
2. Indoneia is located on the equator line since it has only two seasons.
3. As today is the grand opening of the new market, most sellers sell their goods cheaply.
4. The terrible accident killed 6 passengers because the driver felt sleepy.
5. Since there are a lot of demands, the price is always higher and higher.

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An independent clause is a group of words that can stand on its own as a sentence: it has a subject, a verb, and is a complete thought.

Examples:

He ran. (Notice that while this sentence only contains two words, it is still a complete sentence because it contains a one word subject and a one word predicate that is also a complete thought.)

He ran fast.

I was late to work.

The paper does not specify which type of format it must be in.

The instructor spent the class period reviewing the difference between independent and dependent clauses.

A dependent clause is a group of words that also contains a subject and a verb, but it is not a complete thought. Because it is not a complete thought, a dependent clause cannot stand on its own as a sentence; it is dependent on being attached to an independent clause to form a sentence. Dependent clauses can often be identified by words called dependent markers, which are usually subordinating conjunctions. If a clause begins with one of these words, it is dependent and needs to be attached to an independent clause.

Common dependent markers:  after, as, although, because, before, even though, if, once, rather than, since, that, though, unless, until, when, whenever, whereas, while,etc.

Examples:

Because I woke up late this morning… (what happened?)

When we arrived in class… (what occurred?)

If my neighbor does not pay his rent on time… (what will happen?)