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QURANIC VERSES

PRENATAL

“Was (man) not a sperm which has been poured out. After that he was something which clings, then (God) fashioned him in due proportion" (75:37-38)

INFANCY

Narrated by Abu Huraira:
"Every infant is born on Al-Fitrah but his parents convert him to Judaism, Christianity or a Fire-worshipper, as an animal delivers a perfect baby animal. Do you find it mutilated?" (Al Bukhari 2:441)

EARLY CHILDHOOD

Prophet  sallallaahu  `alayhi  wa  sallam ( may  Allah exalt his mention ) said: “Command your children to perform prayer when they are seven years old, and beat them for (not offering) it when they are ten; and separate them in beds”.

MIDDLE CHILDHOOD

"Your parents and your children, ye know not which of them are nearest to you in benefit".(4:11)

ADOLESCENT

"And when the children among you reach puberty, let them ask permission [at all times] as those before them have done. Thus does Allah make clear to you His verses; and Allah is Knowing and Wise". (24:59)

EARLY ADULTHOOD
وقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم (يا معشر الشباب من استطاع منكم الباءة فليتزوج فإنه أغض للبصر وأحصن للفرج، ومن لم يستطع فعليه بالصوم فإنه له وجاء)

“O you young! If you are able to marry, marry, because it protects the eyes and protects your honor. Whoever does not have the means, let him fast, because that will protect you.”(Buhariu & Muslim from Ibn Mesud)

MIDDLE ADULTHOOD

The Messenger of Allah said :
"be mindful of your obligation to Allah and do justice in respect of your children" [ Bukhari and Muslim ]

LATE ADULTHOOD

[ 16.70 ]
It is Allah who creates you and takes your souls at death; and of you there are some who are sent back to a feeble age, so that they know nothing after having known (much): for Allah is All-Knowing, All-Powerful.

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Chen Wan Qian 1514378
Nuradlina Binti Mohd Nasir 1427354
Huda binti Mohd Marzuki 1517110
Siti Nabila bt Mohamakeesong 1529164
Hai Yi Lei 1514252
Siti Balqis Binti Md Izham 1428552
Nur Hazwani Afiqah Binti Helmi 1622676
Nur Alia Izzati Binti Sharifudin 1711088

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Common pain reliever use during pregnancy linked to language delay in girls.

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In the first study of its kind, researchers from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai found an elevated rate of language delay in girls at 30 months old born to mothers who used acetaminophen during pregnancy, but not in boys.

This is the first study to examine language development in relation to acetaminophen levels in urine.

The study will be published online January 10 in European Psychiatry.

The Swedish Environmental Longitudinal, Mother and Child, Asthma and Allergy study (SELMA) provided data for the research. Information was gathered from 754 women who were enrolled into the study in weeks 8-13 of their pregnancy. Researchers asked participants to report the number of acetaminophen tablets they had taken between conception and enrollment, and tested the acetaminophen concentration in their urine at enrollment. The frequency of language delay, defined as the use of fewer than 50 words, was measured by both a nurse's assessment and a follow-up questionnaire filled out by participants about their child's language milestones at 30 months.

Acetaminophen was used by 59 percent of the women in early pregnancy. Acetaminophen use was quantified in two ways: High use vs. no use analysis used women who did not report any use as the comparison group. For the urine analysis, the top quartile of exposure was compared to the lowest quartile.

Language delay was seen in 10 percent of all the children in the study, with greater delays in boys than girls overall. However, girls born to mothers with higher exposure -- those who took acetaminophen more than six times in early pregnancy -- were nearly six times more likely to have language delay than girls born to mothers who did not take acetaminophen. These results are consistent with studies reporting decreased IQ and increased communication problems in children born to mothers who used more acetaminophen during pregnancy.

Both the number of tablets and concentration in urine were associated with a significant increase in language delay in girls, and a slight but not significant decrease in boys. Overall, the results suggest that acetaminophen use in pregnancy results in a loss of the well-recognized female advantage in language development in early childhood.

The SELMA study will follow the children and re-examine language development at seven years.

Acetaminophen, also known as paracetamol, is the active ingredient in Tylenol and hundreds of over-the-counter and prescription medicines. It is commonly prescribed during pregnancy to relieve pain and fever. An estimated 65 percent of pregnant women in the United States use the drug, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

"Given the prevalence of prenatal acetaminophen use and the importance of language development, our findings, if replicated, suggest that pregnant women should limit their use of this analgesic during pregnancy," said the study's senior author, Shanna Swan, PhD, Professor of Environmental and Public Health at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. "It's important for us to look at language development because it has shown to be predictive of other neurodevelopmental problems in children."

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pregnancy and childbirth; children's health; teen health; gynecology; child development; language acquisition; literacy; gender difference

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Common pain reliever use during pregnancy linked to language delay in girls

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In the first study of its kind, researchers from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai found an elevated rate of language delay in girls at 30 months old born to mothers who used acetaminophen during pregnancy, but not in boys. This is the first study to examine language development in relation to acetaminophen levels in urine.

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Having eye contact with baby helps synchronize brainwaves.

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When a parent and infant interact, various aspects of their behaviour can synchronise, including their gaze, emotions and heartrate, but little is known about whether their brain activity also synchronises -- and what the consequences of this might be.

Brainwaves reflect the group-level activity of millions of neurons and are involved in information transfer between brain regions. Previous studies have shown that when two adults are talking to each other, communication is more successful if their brainwaves are in synchrony.

Researchers at the Baby-LINC Lab at the University of Cambridge carried out a study to explore whether infants can synchronise their brainwaves to adults too -- and whether eye contact might influence this. Their results are published in the Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).

The team examined the brainwave patterns of 36 infants (17 in the first experiment and 19 in the second) using electroencephalography (EEG), which measures patterns of brain electrical activity via electrodes in a skull cap worn by the participants. They compared the infants' brain activity to that of the adult who was singing nursery rhymes to the infant.

In the first of two experiments, the infant watched a video of an adult as she sang nursery rhymes. First, the adult -- whose brainwave patterns had already been recorded -- was looking directly at the infant. Then, she turned her head to avert her gaze, while still singing nursery rhymes. Finally, she turned her head away, but her eyes looked directly back at the infant.

As anticipated, the researchers found that infants' brainwaves were more synchronised to the adults' when the adult's gaze met the infant's, as compared to when her gaze was averted Interestingly, the greatest synchronising effect occurred when the adults' head was turned away but her eyes still looked directly at the infant. The researchers say this may be because such a gaze appears highly deliberate, and so provides a stronger signal to the infant that the adult intends to communicate with her.

In the second experiment, a real adult replaced the video. She only looked either directly at the infant or averted her gaze while singing nursery rhymes. This time, however, her brainwaves could be monitored live to see whether her brainwave patterns were being influenced by the infant's as well as the other way round.

This time, both infants and adults became more synchronised to each other's brain activity when mutual eye contact was established. This occurred even though the adult could see the infant at all times, and infants were equally interested in looking at the adult even when she looked away. The researchers say that this shows that brainwave synchronisation isn't just due to seeing a face or finding something interesting, but about sharing an intention to communicate.

To measure infants' intention to communicate, the researcher measured how many 'vocalisations' infants made to the experimenter. As predicted, infants made a greater effort to communicate, making more 'vocalisations', when the adult made direct eye contact -- and individual infants who made longer vocalisations also had higher brainwave synchrony with the adult.

Dr Victoria Leong, lead author on the study said: "When the adult and infant are looking at each other, they are signalling their availability and intention to communicate with each other. We found that both adult and infant brains respond to a gaze signal by becoming more in sync with their partner. This mechanism could prepare parents and babies to communicate, by synchronising when to speak and when to listen, which would also make learning more effective."

Dr Sam Wass, last author on the study, said: "We don't know what it is, yet, that causes this synchronous brain activity. We're certainly not claiming to have discovered telepathy! In this study, we were looking at whether infants can synchronise their brains to someone else, just as adults can. And we were also trying to figure out what gives rise to the synchrony.

"Our findings suggested eye gaze and vocalisations may both, somehow, play a role. But the brain synchrony we were observing was at such high time-scales -- of three to nine oscillations per second -- that we still need to figure out how exactly eye gaze and vocalisations create it."

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infant and preschool learning; parenting; child development; child psychology; brain-computer interfaces; perception; mental health; neuroscience

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Eye contact with your baby helps synchronize your brainwaves

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When a parent and infant interact, various aspects of their behaviour can synchronise, including their gaze, emotions and heartrate, but little is known about whether their brain activity also synchronises -- and what the consequences of this might be. Brainwaves reflect the group-level activity of millions of neurons and are involved in information transfer between brain regions.

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A kid name Ardi Rizal who’s from Indonesia were popular back then because of his shocking habit. When he was 2 year old he smoked 40 cigarettes a day and this due to because of his father was just playing and gave him a cigarette.

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DO YOU remember the two-year-old tot who shocked the world with his 40-a-day smoking habit?

Indonesian boy Ardi Rizal caused concern and outrage when he was seen puffing away while riding his bike seven years ago.

Now nine, the young boy has kicked the habit and turned his life around.

But it hasn't been an easy journey for the little boy who developed a food addiction after giving up cigarettes when he was five.

That caused him to pile on weight, but over the last few years he has managed to lose the extra pounds.

The boy from a remote village in Sumatra became the focus of international concern when the photos of him smoking were first revealed.

With government intervention and intensive specialist care, Ardi's parents were able to wean him off cigarettes, only to have his addiction replaced with one to food.

Speaking four years ago, his mum said: "At first when we were weaning Ardi off the cigarettes he would have terrible tantrums. But he doesn't want them now."

Weighing three and a half stone by age five, Ardi made headlines again for being almost a stone above the ideal weight for a child of his age.

This led to an investigation into his parents and his community by Indonesia's Woman's Empowerment and Child Protection Ministry.

Ardi's parents revealed that the smoking addiction started when Ardi's father gave him his first cigarette when he was only 18 months old.

By diverting his addiction from cigarettes to food, Ardi's love for junk food developed so quickly his parents had to seek the help of a nutritionist to fight the new focus of his compulsion.

Now, with the help of Indonesia's government and a nutritionist, Ardi has reemerged as an addiction-free nine-year-old.

The nine-year-old, who consumed three cans of condensed milk a day, was restricted to a diet consisting of fresh fish, fruit and vegetables to help him lose weight.

Now much healthier, Ardi has managed to keep his compulsions at bay by focusing on excelling at school and finishing the fourth-grade.

Last year pictures emerged that claimed to be of Ardi at the age of eight. He appeared much larger in the shots, but it was never confirmed if they were of him.

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Remember the two-year-old with a 40 A DAY smoking habit? He's now nine and looks much healthier

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DO YOU remember the two-year-old tot who shocked the world with his 40-a-day smoking habit? Indonesian boy Ardi Rizal caused concern and outrage when he was seen puffing away while riding his bike seven years ago. Now nine, the young boy has kicked the habit and turned his life around.

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The entire country was shocked by the tragedy of the tahfiz school fire in Dato' Keramat that killed 23 innocent lives which includes 21 children and 2 adults.

When the writer of this article first heard the news, it took her a while to process all that has happened. Gone too soon, we continue to mourn the lost and pray the victims are in a happier place now.

New evidence surfacing days after the incident that it was not an accident but a deliberate arson attempt added to the victims' families despair and an expression of outrage from Malaysians.

Some demanded for the arsonists, many of them just children themselves, to be tried as adults while others shifted the blame to their parents.

City police chief Datuk Amar Singh said investigations revealed that the suspects, aged between 11 and 18, had intended to burn down the Darul Quran Ittifaqiah tahfiz school in an act of revenge over a name calling incident that happened a few days prior.

"Investigations revealed that the suspects had used two cooking gas cylinders and a hydrocarbon accelerant to commit the offence.

"Of the seven, six tested positive for ganja abuse. We believe that they were high when they started the fire.

"They took the cylinders to the top floor of the school building and started the fire," he told reporters during a press conference at the city police headquarters.

It soon became clear that this entire tragedy was the result of the all too familiar tale of troubled teenagers who get entangled in the deadly web of drug abuse, addiction, dropping out of school and getting into trouble with the law.

If being high on drugs at such a young age could lead to such vengeful actions, we can't begin to imagine what they might have done if they were adults.

With these seven suspects' future at stake, Malaysian Digest reached out to relevant stakeholders on how we can strive to take constructive view, be empathetic to the situation and fit these troubled youths back into society instead of condemning them for the rest of their lives.

"Some Youths Do Not Know How To Become The Best, So They Choose To Become The Worst"

Hafizi, the counselor of the Pengasih rehabilitation center in the heart of Kuala Lumpur shared his experience and perspectives from having worked with youths in a similar situation.

"They ought to be tried as the juveniles that they are. I acknowledge that they did something vindictively, however, it is our duty to help these youths to realise their faults and ensure that others learn from them.

"They will be guilt ridden for the rest of their lives," he added.

These days, the term youth and drugs are two uncommon subjects that can easily go hand in hand. There are numerous reasons why youth consumes drugs and unfortunately, there are many instances in which the root of drug use goes much deeper than experimentation.

"Some teenagers start using drugs in order to fit in, feel and look cool, and to be able to join an older, more attractive social circle.

"Second reason is their need to feel good as drugs gives off a feeling of thrill and intensified emotion that cannot be obtained through simple pleasures like food and exercise," he said, adding how drugs interact with the way our brain produces and the way our body experiences pleasure. When drugs are used, the brain produces up to 10 times the normal amount of dopamine and euphoria a person should experience.

That ought to explain how these seven suspects were seemingly energetic in carrying out the brazen act that night.

Their lack of attention from their loved ones also plays a role, relayed Pengasih's counselor.

"They often experience a lack of purpose or talent and a rather unfulfilled feeling to make them feel not special. Some youths do not know how to become the best, so they choose to become the worst in hopes of getting attention or being acknowledged.

"The environment also plays a role in contributing to drug taking," he added.

Prevention is better than cure, so as to how we can prevent youths to consume these dangerous substances, Hafizi said that education and support are vital in curbing the issue.

"Adults should be educated on identifying the signs of troubled youths with a predisposition to drug taking. Adults should also be educated on how to approach the problem with warmth, care, and sensitivity.

"Schools should be more sensitive to the needs of these troubled youths by conducting more programs like after school drug awareness co-curricular activities, conduct more programs with drug prevention messages. There should also be mobile technology that is tied to schools so applications, emails, or WhatsApp groups can reach these kids."
"Delinquent And Deviant, But Still Kids"
Not forgetting, the government too plays an important role in shaping a better society and they can do by not allowing delinquents to be expelled from school with nothing to do, said Hafizi.

In spite of the best efforts of teachers and parents to direct our youth along drug-free paths, every story will include some patterns discovered in the approach to addiction witnessed in young adults.

As teenagers grow, their patterns of substance abuse follow them. Their social surroundings might permit an individual to increase substance abuse without his or her parents knowing.

"Without basic education, there is not much of a future for the youngsters. This will only increase the likelihood of negative behaviour," he sternly added.

Regardless of our own personal feelings about the tragedy, we must remind ourselves that at this juncture the seven teenagers are still just suspects. They are not even charged for any offence yet at the time of writing. We must remember that most of them are still children in the eyes of the law.

"The kids are not solely responsible for this tragedy and it is important for us to remember that it's easier for us to blame these kids and drugs for what has happened. However, this tragedy was going to happen one way or another.

"We shouldn't take the easy way out in blaming them without thoroughly understanding the circumstances surrounding the case and the events prior.

"Yes, they are still children; delinquent and deviant but still kids. We must not forget that. Their welfare and psychological well being must also be looked into. Social services should be present for both the kids and their families," he advised.

Fitting these troubled youths back into society can be difficult to some but Hafizi is optimistic and still sees a bright future for all.

"They should be given the necessary support and counselling as with a good rehabilitation (or social norms, education etc), these kids can help others to not make the same mistakes they have done.

"They can motivate others and show how there is hope and that change is possible. By giving back to society, they can make a difference in their lives and the lives of others. By doing so, the constant reminder of what they have done, will make them into meaningful members of society," said Hafizi.

Like everyone else, they must be treated humanely.

"They should also be tried by the courts and not the media. The public and media should remain as neutral and objective as possible. It seems that these kids were judged even before they were picked up by the cops.

"They should also be given proper counselling and psychological attention to assess their mental health," he relayed, adding how it is also important to ensure that they should not be coerced or threatened in any way.
"A Person Is Presumed Innocent Until Proven Guilty"
In the atmosphere of heightened sorrow and grieving in the aftermath of the tragedy, Deputy Prime Minister Datuk Seri Dr Ahmad Zahid Hamidi has stated that the culprit(s) will feel the full brunt of the law.

With public sentiments running high leading to calls for capital punishment and exacting revenge, it is easy to let our emotions rule in this heartbreaking incident but what punishment does the law permit in Malaysia?

There have also been renewed calls for increasing fire safety in private homes by putting the Fire Safety Act 1988 under scrutiny, increasing monitoring of tahfiz schools by bringing them under the purview of the Education Ministry and even discussions about effectiveness of anti-drug campaigns carried out in schools.

But exactly who and how can those guilty be held accountable? The police have stated that the case will be investigated under Section 435 of the Penal Code for mischief by fire and Section 302 for murder.

Malaysian Digest also spoke to Yusfarizal Yussoff, a legal practitioner with 15 years of experience in civil litigation specialising in tort, contract and commercial dispute as well as public interest litigation, shared the legal implications of this case.

Putting matters into perspective, Yusfarizal explained how he nor public's opinion does not matter in this case as ultimately, the Public Prosecutor has absolute discretion to charge these seven suspects without fear or favour.

"The Public Prosecutor can take into account society feeling and sentiment but he is certainly not bound by it as his primary concern is about upholding justice based on evidence and rules of law," he said.

Looking at the known and available facts from police investigation, Yusfarizal views the perpetrators can be charged under Section 302 for murder, or Section 304 for culpable homicide not amounting to murder or Section 436 for mischief by fire with intent to destroy a house.

Murder carries mandatory death penalty, while culpable homicide and mischief by fire carry imprisonment for a term that may extend to 30 years.

To prove murder under Section 302, the prosecutor need to prove existence of mens rea and actus reus. Simply put, the accused persons must be proven to do the act of killing with intention to kill. In proving intention, due regards must be given to relevant factors such as pre-meditated plan, weapon used and also motive.

With regards to minor offender, the Court for Children was established under the provisions of the Child Act 2001 (Act 611) to hear, determine and dispose any charge against a child (18 years old and below). However, Section 11(5) of Act 611 excludes jurisdiction of the Court for Children for offences punishable with death.

Hence, if the perpetrators is charged under Section 302 of the Penal Code which carries death penalty, they will be charged in the High Court and not the Court for Children.

"If the seven youths were convicted for murder, the death penalty would only be executed against the one who has attained the age of 18. The children aged between 15 to 17 will be detained in a prison at the discretion of the YDPA, and the other child aged 11 may only be sent to approved schools for juveniles such as Sekolah Tunas Bakti under the purview of the Welfare Department," he thoroughly explained.

As Malaysia currently holds the title of having the strictest punishment for drug abuse in the world, Yusfarizal opined how the law to curb the issue of drug abuse by minors is adequate at this moment.

"Moreover, the introduction of the Child Act as a comprehensive code for protection of children adds to the long list of parliamentary legislation relevant to the issue. The real problem is not the law, but the enforcement," he said.

Whatever happened to the legal maxim of "a person is presumed innocent until proven guilty," as it seems the public perception has taken a front seat in passing judgement against the suspects.

"The suspects must remain a suspect, until properly charged in Court, and the accused person must remain an accused person until convicted.

"We should be reminded of Section 15 of Act 611 which restrict mass media from revealing name, address, particulars and pictures of a child subjected to investigation, trial or conviction of a criminal offence.

"This is not only to protect the child's safety, but also to prevent life-long public reprimand against the child which normally continues even after he/she served his/her sentence. A person who commit offence under Section 15 can be sent to prison for a term not exceeding 5 years," he added.

Besides The 7 Boys, Who Else Should Be Accountable?

As to whether the parents of the youths should be charged with child neglect, Yusfarizal explained that if the facts and evidences pointing towards child neglect, he believes that the Public Prosecutor will consider it.

"We have the provision of child neglect since 2001, and the punishment had been increased in 2016, but no charge was ever made.

"In this regards, we have to understand and differentiate between negligence by parents which caused direct harm or death to their own children, and negligence by parents which caused their children to inflict harm to others.

"In the former situation, we can understand the rationale of the Public Prosecutor not preferring charges against parents as it is most unlikely that a parent would deliberately want to neglect his children to death.

"The example of such case is the infamous incident of a mother forgetfully left her sleeping toddler at the backseat of her car subsequently leading to death. It is beyond imagination that the mother would have the slightest intention to purposely neglect her child in such situation," he explained.

In the present case, a child is left without proper supervision at odd hours, enabling the child to engage with criminal activities and harm others.

"In this situation, the Public Prosecutor may want to consider invoking the provision on parental neglect under the Child Act to send a strong signal to our community.

"Gone are the days that parents could give a lame excuse for their children act of delinquencies by just saying "we are too busy to earn a living for the children's future", he further opined.

On a slightly different note, Yusfarizal also shares with us on the different kind of schooling system tahfiz offers. As he too sends his children to an alternative schooling system using tahfiz as joint curricular besides KBSR, he found that tahfiz education to be a good system to build character, instill good deeds and promotes accurate religious understanding.

"After having done research on tahfiz education, I am of the view that tahfiz schools in Malaysia can be generally categorized into 2 areas.

"Firstly, as purely tahfiz school/madrasah/pondok set-up offering only tahfiz education without academic curricular. Secondly, as private schools offering tahfiz education alongside with KBSR and/or cambridge curricular.

"In most circumstances, the 2nd category of schools provides more adequate facilities, in compliance with relevant requirement by authority, while the 1st category are normally home-based and unregistered.

"The issue of safety and security will be aggravated if such schools cannot be monitored by authorities due to non-registration. Hence, it is high time for an integrated registration system be in place," he concluded.
-Malaysian Digest

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tahfiz school fire suspects: how should we fit these troubled youths back into society?

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Tahfiz School Fire Suspects: How Should We Fit These Troubled Youths Back Into Society?

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The entire country was shocked by the tragedy of the tahfiz school fire in Dato' Keramat that killed 23 innocent lives which includes 21 children and 2 adults. When the writer of this article first heard the news, it took her a while to process all that has happened.

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Number of children who are victims of cyberbullying doubles in a year.

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The number of children being bullied on the internet has doubled in the past year, with more than one in three victims, research suggests.

In a poll of 11- to 17-year-olds, 35% reported that they have experienced cyberbullying - compared with 16% last year. Four in 10 said they had witnessed others being picked on online - almost double the 22% recorded last year.

The study also suggests that thousands of teenagers, including many aged 15 or under, are using messaging service Snapchat and dating app Tinder every day.

Some parents even helped set their children up with accounts, prompting fears that they are unwittingly putting them at risk.

Internet security firm McAfee polled 2,000 children and 2,000 adults with at least one child aged under 18 in the UK before antibullying week on Monday and compared the findings with a similar study carried out last year.

The research indicated that there is a more relaxed attitude among many parents regarding the risks posed online.

Less than a third of parents (27%) said they were worried about their child being a victim of cyberbullying this year - almost halving from 45% in the previous year, while two-thirds (67%) of children are now allowed to go online without supervision - up from 53%.

However, more than three-quarters (77%) of parents polled said they had conversations about online safety, up from 68% last year.

Andy Phippen, professor of social responsibility in IT at Plymouth University, said: "The responses from McAfee's survey shows that there is a real gap between parental concern and the reality of what children face online.

"While it is encouraging to see that these conversations are happening, there are areas in which parents may not be completely aware of their children's online behaviour.

"It's now time for parents to take the conversations to the next level and become further educated on the social platforms that exist, what ages they are suited for and what type of behaviour they encourage.

"Cyberbullying happens across all platforms and children's use of social media is transient."

Around one in six of (17%) of the youngsters polled reported using Tinder every day, with almost half of those (46%) aged 15 and under.

The service was more popular among girls than boys, with one in five female respondents using it compared with 15% of males.

Tinder users are shown other subscribers close to their location and must both give a positive reaction and receive one back to start communicating.

It is open to those who are 13 or older, with under-18s only able to match with people in the same age bracket.

Phippen said: "It is very concerning to see the proportion of younger teens using apps like Tinder, whose aim is essentially hook-ups and dating, and very much for an adult audience.

"These apps also share location-based information and can be used as platforms for grooming and abuse."

More than a third (37%) of children polled reported spending up to 10 hours on Snapchat a day.

Reports recently emerged that explicit images taken with the app were intercepted by a third party app and leaked online.

Phippen said: "Social platforms like Snapchat are becoming more and more popular with children and they may not realise the risks of exposure they face."

One per cent of parents admitted helping set up Tinder profiles for their children, while nearly one in 10 (9%) gave them a hand joining Snapchat.

The research did not specify the ages of the children whose parents helped set up accounts, other than that they were under 18.

Samantha Humphries-Swift, of McAfee, said: "As a mother myself, it is worrying to see that parents are setting up social profiles for their kids and, as a consequence, unknowingly putting them at risk online."

Last week a report from the Health Select Committee said MPs heard evidence that sexting, cyberbullying and inappropriate online content has caused a direct increase in mental health problems in children, including stress and anxiety.

Claire Lilley, head of child safety online at the NSPCC, said cyberbullying is a "huge concern".

She added: "The use of teen dating apps can expose children to contact by adults who have a sexual interest in them because the age controls are often inadequate.

"The 24-hour nature of the internet and devices children use means young people can feel like there's no escape, with them facing almost constant harassment which can leave them feeling increasingly desperate and isolated.

"Children may sometimes know the person contacting them online but they could also be targeted by someone using a fake or anonymous account.

"The NSPCC is deeply disturbed that sexual predators could use teen dating apps and websites to target young people. Some of these apps state that adults and children can't mix, but it's all too easy for children to say they are older, or for an adult to pretend to be younger.

"Young people we surveyed told us they'd been asked for sexually explicit images or videos by adults, despite making it clear that they were under 16."

A survey by the charity's ChildLine service earlier this year provided an insight into youngsters' use of dating apps and sites.

It found that nearly half of all children and young people think dating apps can be risky, while 29% feel they are unsafe.

A third of those who have used a dating site or app have been asked by someone they have met on a dating app to meet offline, with 38% of those going ahead with the meeting.

When telling an adult who had contacted them from a dating app that they were under 16, only 13% of adults terminated contact, the ChildLine poll found.

Justine Roberts, founder of Mumsnet , said: "How children negotiate the internet is a particularly tricky parenting challenge as it's not one that most of us have experienced in our own childhoods, so sometimes it's hard to know just how concerned to be.

"But parents on Mumsnet don't seem complacent - there are loads of conversations about children's use of the internet, how much is too much and how to make children aware of the digital footprint they leave behind."

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Number of children who are victims of cyberbullying doubles in a year

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The number of children being bullied on the internet has doubled in the past year, with more than one in three victims, research suggests. In a poll of 11- to 17-year-olds, 35% reported that they have experienced cyberbullying - compared with 16% last year.

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Home alone in Japan : Men especially face harsh time ahead.

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Home alone in Japan: Men especially face harsh times ahead

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TOKYO - More people in Japan are living alone but what is particularly alarming is their identity: mainly Japanese men with loose ties to their local communities. Many are elderly men in isolation, lacking any support, or those of the working generation who have delayed or shunned mar

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Young and Jobless.

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PETALING JAYA: The youth unemployment rate in Malaysia has reached more than three times the national unemployment rate of 3.1%, due to the slower growth in hiring, according to Bank Negara in its 2016 annual report.

In 2015, the unemployment rate among youths was estimated to have reached 10.7%.

Bank Negara said youths represented more than half of unemployed workers, although it only made up a third of the labour force.

"In 2015, unemployment rate among youths increased by 1.2 percentage points from an estimated 9.5% to 10.7%, while national unemployment rate went up by only 0.2 percentage points (from 2.9% to 3.1%) during the same period (see chart).

"Cautious business sentiments and moderating economic performance have restrained businesses from expanding their workforce," noted Bank Negara.

The central bank stressed that while youths were the most vulnerable to these trends, they were perhaps the last to be hired and first to be made redundant due to a lack of experience, higher information asymmetry on the labour market and poor communication skills.

"Slower hiring has had a wider impact on the economy, affecting particularly youth and new jobseekers," it added.

In terms of employability, the central bank said that youths with tertiary education were the highest among the unemployed at 15.3%.

About 16% of those aged 15 to 24 years have tertiary education.

The highest level of schooling attained by the remaining 84% was secondary education, said the central bank. Among regional economies, Malaysia's youth unemployment were in the double-digits, despite an overall low unemployment rate.

But interestingly, this trend does not appear to be unique to Malaysia.

"Among regional economies, unemployment rates for young graduates also tend to be higher than non-graduates.

"This observation appears to be counter intuitive to the economic wisdom of increasing returns to educational attainment and seems to be the opposite of the experience in advanced economies," it said.

These trends were likely to be related to the nature of global supply chains and ensuing patterns of job creation in the emerging economies.

Thus far, research on factors driving comparative trends on graduate versus non-graduate youth unemployment in advanced and emerging economies have been scant.

These developments in graduate unemployment have raised several key policy questions for emerging economies, with regards to enhancing the quality and relevance of education systems to prepare for rapidly evolving industries, the types of jobs being created and the readiness of the human capital base, apart from measures to enhance matching in the labour market, among others.

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Young and jobless - Business News | The Star Online

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PETALING JAYA: The youth unemployment rate in Malaysia has reached more than three times the national unemployment rate of 3.1%, due to the slower growth in hiring, according to Bank Negara in its 2016 annual report. In 2015, the unemployment rate among youths was estimated to have reached 10.7%.

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FILM directors Badaruddin Azmi, better known as Bade, and Erma Fatima officially divorced on Thursday after 27 years of marriage, Kosmo! reported.

Bade, 53, proclaimed his divorce from Erma, 49, in front of a judge at the Gombak Timur District Syariah Subordinate Court.

Bade, who directed the movie Castello, filed the petition for divorce from Erma, whose real name is Fatimah Rahmad Ali, on Aug 10.

The duo, who married in 1990, were on the verge of tears as Erma shook hands, kissed and hugged Bade for the last time before he proclaimed the divorce.

Erma, the director of the 2002 World War II drama Embun, said she accepted their divorce.

"All of my life and my art has been given to the public. Let my marriage and my death be a secret between God and myself," she said.

In 2015, Bade was said to be planning to divorce Erma, his first wife.

However, that same year, Erma cancelled the divorce application as she wanted to give the marriage a second chance.

They do not have any children together but have adopted five children aged between 11 and 24.

Bade took a second wife in 2014. They have a son and daughter.

> A two-year-old girl was stung to death by wasps while playing at an abandoned restaurant in Jerteh, Terengganu, on Wednesday, reported Harian Metro.

The victim's grandfather Ismail Mat Ali, 69, said he was asleep at home nearby when he heard a scream.

He ran out and saw Puteri Nur Aisyah Azahar being attacked by wasps. He shielded her with his body and whisked her away.

Puteri suffered about 30 stings and died while being treated at Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah at 4.30am on Thursday, said her mother Rubiyah Ismail, 45.

"Her condition worsened on Thursday. The doctor said she could not urinate and her kidneys were not functioning," she said.

It is the third such case in Terengganu this month. On Aug 2, an eight-year-old boy died from wasp stings while playing outside his house, also in Jerteh.

Last week, two sisters aged three and eight died in Dungun when they were also stung by wasps while playing in their house compound.

> The daily also reported that three armed robbers broke into a clothing store, made a hole in a wall adjacent to a jewellery shop, and made off with a locked box full of valuables.

Jewellery shop owner Mohd Nasir Ali, 50, said the robbers seemed to know the box was right behind the clothing shop wall.

The box contained jewellery worth about RM800,000 belonging to Mohd Nasir and his friend, the owner of another jewellery shop next to his, in Centre Point Kemaman in Chukai.

His shop did not have CCTVs as he had just renovated the premises and was planning to install cameras next week.

Found in translation is compiled from the vernacular newspapers (Bahasa Malaysia, Chinese and Tamil dailies). As such, stories are grouped according to the respective language/medium. Where a paragraph begins with a >, it denotes a separate news item.

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Bade and Erma part ways after 27 years - Nation | The Star Online

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FILM directors Badaruddin Azmi, better known as Bade, and Erma Fatima officially divorced on Thursday after 27 years of marriage, Kosmo! reported. Bade, 53, proclaimed his divorce from Erma, 49, in front of a judge at the Gombak Timur District Syariah Subordinate Court.