# data[].attributes.body
The fourteenth amendment was put forward as the country was healing itself from the Civil War and was ratified in 1868.

# data[].attributes.body
Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Abraham Lincoln: Was a president of the united states, but then sadly died before his serving time was over. Abraham Lincoln was from Kentucky.
2. James M. Ashley: He was an Ohio State Congressman. He was a member of the republican party. He was from America.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Preston Brooks was one of the people who didn't support this amendment. He even ran against president Lincoln when he was elected.
2. Garrett Davis was also one of the people who was against it. He was born September 1801. Davis was the U.S Senator and representative.

# data[].attributes.body
The 13th Amendment was proposed on January 31st, 1865.The 13th Amendment speaks about the distinctions between servitude and slavery.

# data[].attributes.body
Original Amendment

# data[].attributes.body
http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/thirteenth-amendment/videos
OR
https://youtu.be/ILY2r6gOGDA

# data[].attributes.body
In many parts of the South, they newly made a law that had freed slaves, but labored under conditions similar to those who existed before the war. The Union army could only offer a bit of protection to the ex-slaves. Not fully as it was written . And Andrew Johnson clearly had no interest in ensuring freedom for the black Southerners.

# data[].attributes.body
All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.

# data[].attributes.body
1.  Born December 29th 1808 was  Andrew Johnson he was the 17th president but later on he was impeached or kicked out.
2. Joseph Bradley also voted so the 13th Amendment could be passed. He was elected to be part of the Supreme Court by president.

# data[].attributes.body
There was a meeting with Dred Scott in it. Dred Scott v. Sanford

The controversy began in 1857, which was brought up by a slave, Dred Scott, who lived with his owner in a free state, before returning to the slave state of Missouri. Scott proclaims that his time spent in these locations is what entitled him to emancipation.The court found that no black, free or slave, could claim U.S. citizenship, and therefore
blacks were unable to petition the court for their freedom. The Dred Scott decision incensed abolitionists and heightened North-South tensions, which would erupt in war just three years later.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Preston Brooks was totally not a supporter of the 13th Amendment. He was a member of the US House of Representatives.
2. Just like the 13th Amendment Garrett Davis once again was not approving of the Fourteenth Amendment

# data[].attributes.body
https://youtu.be/8oqkdKsIcEo

# data[].attributes.body
The Fourteenth Amendment was intended to undo the attempts of the southern states to enforce limits on African Americans in both political and social spheres through the Black Codes. The Black Codes were made so that the African Americans had somewhat of Liberty, but also kept them in their limits. Although I didn't seem like if the whites and the president were trying to stop them from doing stuff somehow they were able to get away with it .

# data[].attributes.body
The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

# data[].attributes.body
1. John Bingham was born on January 21. He was an American Republican representative .and the assistant for Lincoln's judge for the impeachment of Johnson.
2. Born on April 27th on Ohio, Ulysses Grant was elected to be the 18th president.

# data[].attributes.body
1.  Rodger B. Taney was one of the people that opposed he was the chief of the Supreme Court.
2. Preston Brooks didn't support the 15th Amendment. He was an American politician and a member of the US House of Representatives. He was a supporter of slaver. He is also the one that beat Charles Sumner with a golden cane.

# data[].attributes.body
The 15th Amendment was ratified in 1870. It ensures men the right to vote no matter what their race was.

# data[].attributes.body
https://youtu.be/bW3_IzRPCRc

# data[].attributes.body
Some Southern states still found a way to discriminate against former slaves. And also limit voting to white men only. For example, Southern states used the black codes that we're made. Which were laws to limit the labor and social rights of former slaves. These limitations on voting were oppositr from what the 15th Amendment said.