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http://www-labs.iro.umontreal.ca/~vaucher/History/Ships_Discovery/

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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The typical vessel is the junk, an efficient design that is fast, easy to handle and able to sail upwind. Its most distinguishing feature are sails divided into a number of horizontal panels by bamboo slats ( battens). These give the sail better aerodynamics and allow reducing the sail area for different wind conditions.

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The caravel has a displacement of 85!

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(1) Etayo 1971, 53-4; Elbl 1985, 543.
(2) Lyon 1993, 239.
(3) Elbl 1985, 543.
(4) Elbl 1985, 545.
(5) Elbl 1985, 545.
(6) Edwards 1992, 420.
(7) Michel 1876-70, 1, 153; Elbl 1985, 546.
(8) Elbl 1985, 546.
(9) Baker 1979, 10.
(10) Baker 1979, 10.
(11) Baker 1979, 10.
(12) According to the instructions set forth for a caravel of 11 rumos in Livro de traças de carpintaria, by M. Fernandez, 1616, 1995 reprint.
(13) Azevedo 1934; Elbl 1985, 548.
(14) d'Albertis 1892, 41;Elbl 1985, 549. Translation by this author.
(15) Unger 1980, 212.
(16) Barata 1987, 161.
(17) Barker 2001, 215.
(18) Barata 1987, 167.
(19) The Spanish are credited as the first to have made this transition, which was largely done for the voyages to the New World.
(20) Unger 1980, 214.
(21) Unger 1980, 214.
(22) Casado Soto 2001, 131.
(23) Casado Soto 2001, 135.
(24) Casado Soto 2001, 135.
(25) Castañeda, Cuesta, and Hernández 1983, 209-23; Casado Soto 2001, 136.
(26) Casada Soto 1988, 265-70.
(27) Casado Soto 1998, 362-3.
(28) Casado Soto 1988, 271-4.
(29) Escalante de Mendoza 1985, 39-45; Casado Soto 2001, 136.
(30) Casado Soto 1988, 294-375.
(31) Garcia de Palacio 1944, fol. 88-109; Casado Soto 2001, 136.
(32) Cano 1964.
(33) Palacio 1587.
(34) Oliveira 1580.
(35) Fernandez 1616.

Azevedo, P. 1934. Documentos das chancelarias reaes relativos a Marrocos. Lisbon.
Baker, J.G. 1979. "Islamic Influences on Iberian Seafaring." Unpublished paper, Texas A&M University.
Barata, J. da G. P. 1987. "A caravela, breve estudo geral." Studia. 46:157-84.
Barker, R. 2001. "Sources for Lusitanian Shipbuilding." In Trabalhos de arqueologia, edited by F. Alves, 18:213-28. Lisbon: IPA.
Cano, T. 1964. Reprint. Arte para fabricar, fortificar y aparejar naos de guerra y merchant.: La Laguna: Biblioteca de Autores Canarios. Original edition, Sevelle, 1611.
Casado Soto, J.L. 1988. Los barcos españoles del siglo XVI y la Gran Armada de 1588. Madrid.
---------1998. "Flota atlántica y tecnología naval hispánica en tiempos de Filipe II." In Congreso Internacional las Sociedades Ibéricas y el mar a finales del siglo XVI. Madrid.VI.II:339-64.
---------2001. "The Spanish Ships of the Oceanic Expansion. Documentation, Archaeology, and Iconography from the 15th and 16th Centuries." In Trabalhos de arqueologia, edited by F. Alves, 18:131-62d'Albertis. 1892. Construzioni. Genova: Tipografia del R. Instituto.
Edwards, C.R. 1992. "Design and Construction of Fifteenth -Century Iberian Ships: A Review." MM. 78.4:419-32.
Elbl, M.M. 1985. "The Portuguese Caravel and European Shipbuilding: Phases of Development and Diversity." Revista da Universidade de Coimbra. 33:547-72.
Etayo, C. 1971. Naos y Carabelas de los Descubrimientos y las Naves de Colón. Pamplona.
Fernandez, M. 1989. Fac-simile. Livro de traças de carpintaria. Lisbon: Academia de Marinha. Original edition, Lisbon, 1616.
Fernandez, M. 1995. Reprint. Livro de traças de carpintaria. Translated by Dr. Manuel Leitão. Lisbon: Academia de Marinha. Original edition, Lisbon, 1616.
García de Palacio, D. 1587. Instrucción nautical. Mexico.
---------1944. Fac-similie. Instrucción nautical para navegar por el doctor Diego García de Palacio. Madrid: Instituto de Cultura Hispánica. Original edition, Mexico, 1587.
Lyon, E. 1993. "The Niña, the Santa Cruz, and Other Caravels as Described in the Livro de armadas and Other Spanish Records." The American Neptune. 53.4:239-46.
Michel, F. 1867-70. Histoire du commerce de Bordeaux. Bordeaux.
Oertling, T.J. 1988. "The Molasses Reef and Highborn Cay Wrecks: Two Early 16th Century Hulls." In Underwater Archaeology Proceedings from the Society for Historical Archaeology Conference Reno, edited by J. Delgado, 116-120.
---------1989a. "The Molasses Reef Wreck Hull Analysis: Final Report." IJNA. 18.3:229-43.
---------1989b. "The Highborn Cay Wreck: The 1986 Field Season." IJNA.18.3:244-53.
---------2001. "The Concept of the Atlantic Vessel." In Trabalhos de arqueologia, edited by F. Alves, 18:233-40.
Oliveira, F. 1991. Fac-similie. Livro da fabrica das naos. Lisbon: Academia de Marinha. Original edition, 1580.
Sarsfield, J. 1985. "From the Brink of Extinction." Wooden Boats. 66:84-9.
Unger, R.W. 1980. The Ship in the Medieval Economy, 600-1600. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press.

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Caravels can even be used to fish off of! So caravels are also handy for getting food!

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This article was most recently revised and updated by

caravel, a light sailing ship of the 15th, 16th, and 17th centuries in Europe, much-used by the Spanish and Portuguese for long voyages. Apparently developed by the Portuguese for exploring the coast of Africa, the caravel's chief excellence lay in its capacity for sailing to windward. It was also capable of remarkable speed. Two of the three ships in which Christopher Columbus made his historic voyage in 1492 were caravels, the and the Pinta.

The design of caravels underwent changes over the years, but a typical caravel of the late 15th century may be described as a broad-beamed vessel of 50 or 60 tons burden; some were as large as 160 tons. About 75 feet (23 m) long, the typical caravel had two or three pole masts, lateen-rigged ( i.e., with triangular sails). Later versions added a fourth mast with square sail for running before the wind. Caravels were usually built with a double tower at the stern (the aftercastle, or sterncastle) and a single tower in the bow (the forecastle). As a type, caravels were smaller and lighter than the Spanish galleons of the 16th century.

In later years the term caravel was applied to small fishing boats along the coast of France and to a Turkish man-of-war.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Adam Augustyn.

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Caravel | Definition, Significance, & Facts

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Caravel, a light sailing ship of the 15th, 16th, and 17th centuries in Europe, much-used by the Spanish and Portuguese for long voyages. Apparently developed by the Portuguese for exploring the coast of Africa, the caravel's chief excellence lay in its capacity for sailing to windward.

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Caravels are about 75 feet long and are very mobile!

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                                                                                                                              CARAVELS

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                                                                                                                              CARAVELS

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Do you want a new and improved boat? You should get a caravel!

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Caravels, on average, go 90-100 miles a day! So this is the perfect boat for traveling a long distance!