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In Jamestown, Virginia, the first set of slaves were brought. There were 20 of them that came on the "White Lion", an English ship that was exchanged for food. People believe that they came from the Caribbean or somewhere in West Central Africa. When they arrived in Virginia, they were spread throughout the colony. Virginia was the first British colony to legally enable slavery, but it didn't start to become very famous from there.

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Emancipation Proclamation - Jan. 1, 1863

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Emancipation Proclamation - Jan. 1, 1863

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The Emancipation Proclamation was a paper issued by Abraham Lincoln in the United States that freed slaves in the Confederate states to rebel against the Union. The only thing was that it didn't free all slaves, only the ones in the Confederate states.

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The 13th Amendment was to remove all slavery in the Unites States that was passed by the Congress. They said that slavery was allowed as "a punishment for crime". However the constitutional amendment didn't stop the discrimination of slaves.

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In May 17, 1865, the Black Code law was issued in the Southern states to limit the political power of colored people and limit their freedom. It was to ensure their ability as "cheap labor forces".

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The First Civil Rights Act forbids any discrimination based on race, color, religion, gender, or where they are from. This meant that no one could fire or hire anyone based on their race or gender. It was passed by the Congress but vetoed by President Andrew Johnson

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The amendment allows a citizenship and legal rights to any African American person or enslaved person. It was one of the Reconstruction Amendments and was considered as one of the most important and significant amendment.

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The 15th amendment states that the rights of any citizen to vote can't be denied based on their race, color, or their previous conditions. This meant that all African American citizens were allowed to vote.

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Jim Crow Laws were to legalize racism and segregation. It was a racist caste system that was between the 1877s and 1960s. It was under the belief to them that "whites were superior" compared to any other race. They had "etiquette" norms. Some include not shaking hands with an African American, and if they ate together, the Jim Crow Laws were to be served first.

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There was an United States Supreme Court case which was about Plessy who refused to move in a white car and got arrested.
Plessy argued that Louisiana was not following the 13th and 14th amendment for "Equal Protection Clause" while Ferguson said that racism and segregation didn't violate the Constitution.
In the end, Ferguson won the case because Plessy didn't follow Louisiana's car segregation laws.

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Nine teenagers were wrongly accused to sexually harass two white women and were arrested. There was a court case about the incident and it was shown that one of the women had admitted to lie. In the end, it was decided that the Scottsboro Boys were innocent and they were finally released although it took 4 years for them to be released.

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On July 26, 1946, President Truman signed an Executive Order stating that forbid discrimination. He was getting complaints about racial discrimination in the Army due to there being African Americans as well as white people. The order set up the President's Committee on Equality of Treatment and Opportunity in the Armed Forces which combined the segregated military.

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Brown vs. Board of Education - May 17, 1954

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Brown vs. Board of Education - May 17, 1954

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During the Brown vs. Board of Education, the Supreme Court decided that it was unconstitutional to separate children in school based on their race. This ended the 'legalized racism' at schools in the United States which canceled the "separate but equal" principle that was established in the Plessy vs. Ferguson case.

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A 14 year old boy, Emmett Till was killed after being accused of "flirting" with a white woman at a grocery store. They went to his house and took him away, beating him up brutally and sinking his body in the Tallahatchie River. This horrible event sparked people to fight for him and all African Americans to gain freedom.

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In Montgomery Alabama, African American's refused to ride on the bus due to the segregated seating. African Americans were forced to sit in the back while white people could freely sit in the front of the bus. Some famous leaders in the Bus Boycott (also known as the Montgomery Bus Boycott) were Rosa Parks, Martin Luther King Jr, E.D. Nixon, and Fred Grey. The boycott was very successful that segregation on buses were called unconstitutional and were banned.

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In Little Rock, Arkansas, a group of nine African American children were allowed to enroll in Little Rock Central High School. Initially they weren't allowed to enter the school for the National Guard was called to barricade the doors of the school. After three weeks of trying to enter the school, they were finally able to get to class with one bodyguard by their side. There were many mobs of angry students and families that verbally and physically abused them. Anyone who tried to stand up against them or befriended the Little Rock Nine were hated and their families suffered along with them. The school's atmosphere was hatred, violent, and fearful. Now, in the present, the Little Rock Nine students have made an impact on the world one way or another if it is being a writer, or being a teacher.

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The Greensboro Sit-Ins was an act of nonviolence with a protest for segregated lunch counters in Greensboro, North Carolina. The act spread in the South at college towns. Their mission was successful- to unite lunch counters. The movement affected 20 states in the United States.

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Letter From Birmingham Jail - April 16, 1963

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Letter From Birmingham Jail - April 16, 1963

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While Martin Luther King Jr. was in the Birmingham City Jail for protesting the unjust treatment of African Americans, he wrote a letter. In the letter, he stated that it was important to have silent protests in order to end the segregation in Birmingham. He said that it was responsible and best to act on the unfair actions instead of waiting forever. The document is now known as an important work of protest literature.

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Martin Luther King presented a speech during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. An important line in the speech is, " I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character."
The speech was very significant because it influenced many people to create the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and ended segregation in the United States.

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March from Selma to Montgomery - March 25, 1965

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March from Selma to Montgomery - March 25, 1965

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During the march, Martin Luther King Jr. led thousands of people to Montgomery, Alabama peacefully. It was a 5 day journey and 54 miles of walking. Their march was successful as they were able to get their voting rights with the Voting Rights Act of 1965. An important event during the march was when Martin Luther King stopped at a bridge and turned back to Selma to pray before leaving once again which was a symbolic moment.

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The Jim Crow laws were a racist caste system that believed they were superior than African Americans. Although after the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, they were overruled which caused them to end. This outlawed any type of discrimination.

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During the case of Loving vs. Virginia, the Lovings wanted to marry each other although Mildred Loving was African American / Native American and Richard was white. During the time, it was banned to marry a different race, but after the court case, the Supreme Court ruled that it was legal to have interracial marriage. This case was important because it was one step closer to completely end segregation.

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Martin Luther King's Assassination - April 4, 1968

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Martin Luther King's Assassination - April 4, 1968

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Standing on a balcony in Memphis, Tennessee, Martin Luther King was assassinated by James Earl Grey. The murderer was taken to prison for a sentence of 100 years.

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Equal Employment Opportunity Act - 1972 

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Equal Employment Opportunity Act - 1972 

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The Equal Employment Opportunity Act was to remove all discriminated employment. Some jobs used to allow only a certain race of people to join their company and work, which meant that this act canceled the unjust actions.