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I found it fascinating that the CO2 can stay underground and be stored. This was very interesting to me be because this can lower the climate crisis that we are facing in the world today. Human creation such as the CO2 removal have helped reduce the effect of CO2 in the atmosphere.

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I find it interesting that carbon dioxide can be stored underground. There are definitely concerns as to how much carbon can be captured and stored; I wonder how much capacity these sites (such as the one in Illinois) have? Additionally, will companies use this method of moving the carbon underground to circumvent the net-zero emission policies that are becoming more popular?

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It is truly amazing how carbon dioxide can be stored inside deep underground. This natural way is very awe-inspiring and it can be seen that it is leading the scientists to try to create something similar that can also capture the carbon emitted into the atmosphere by cars and other human creations.

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I hope they don't overlook the effect this could have on the underground water used by many for drinking.

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I found it interesting that it is possible to store carbon underground but I wonder how long that solution will last but I’m happy that people are putting forth the effort to try to reduce CO2.

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I did not know that we could store CO2 let alone store it in the ground. I find it interesting that it can be able to stay in the ground for long periods of time.

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Are there any consequences to storing supercritical CO2 deep underground? What if we do not realize, it's not good for the insides of the Earth? More intensive-rigorous research is definitely required...

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If Illinois has a history of co2 storage, it seems like a valuable place for extraction. However, it can cause negative effects for the climate surrounding it. Is there any way people can utilize the stored carbon without harming the water supply or atmosphere. Otherwise there should be a push to switch to more renewable energy sources. It was interesting to learn about the better places to store carbon.

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It was interesting to read about the benefits of carbon capturing. Until today, I was unaware of this practice. However, it was also interesting to read about the problems that it can cause. For example, a carbon capture plant in Canada was emitting the equivalent of 1.2 million cars. This showcases that even though it can create huge benefits, it can also be risky if done poorly.

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I didn’t know you could store CO2 in the ground to reduce some of the outtake. But why not do it in more places and what makes Illinois such a good place to do it compared to other places.

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Thinking about how immensely Project Tundra will impact the atmosphere from a way of comparing its change to something we can comprehend is something the article by the Williston Herald did very well. It states in the article that this project will be takign 4 million metric tons of carbon out of the atmosphere which is equivalent to almost taking 800,000 gas-fueled vehicles off the road every year. This puts it into a better perspective for someone like me who isn't knowledgeable about the topic and can comprehend the affect of this billion dollar project.

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Does "Carbon Capture" mean taking and burying carbon dioxide or does it refer to splitting the Carbon in CO2 from the Oxygen and storing the Carbon while releasing the O2?

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The CBS article on carbon capture technology informs the public on how carbon capture technologies are new and improved ways of reducing excess CO2 in the atmosphere, and are seen as the future for removal of carbon dioxide in the Earth. However, many of these facilities in the US have become run-down and entered into bankruptcy, showing that it is a very huge financial obligation for the US government to undertake, and might need more public information and awareness on whether this is effective at all.

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I found it interesting that captured carbon dioxide can be converted to several products: one being alcohols, such as methanol, to use as biofuels and other alternative and renewable sources of energy. Other commercial products include plastics, concrete and reactants for various chemical synthesis. Carbon dioxide is "not only a feedstock but also an ideal energy carrier."

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I find the concept of carbon capture extremely interesting and agree with the article that it may be a viable means of preventing climate change and reducing carbon emissions. I believe if that more investments were put into improving the technology it would truly be able to reduce carbon and help to stop climate change.

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This reminds me of an old carbon capture plant which was touted by the Christie administration a while back, if I remember correctly. It's basically a coal power plant which would pump supercritical carbon into reservoirs deep under the Atlantic ocean, as well as capture carbon during the night when energy costs are much lower. It was shot down by environmental groups after a lawsuit. Interesting concept but ultimatly still using fossil fuels.

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Why is only two states that is permitted to store carbon? What makes there system so special?

Also what else can this stored carbon be used for besides decreasing carbon levels

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I didn't realize that CO2 was able to be stored in solid rock. The material is so porous that it allows it to do so. It good that we have different ways carbon has been stored so that we can learn more about it. I didn't even know CO2 was stored.

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Carbon can be captured compressed and stored into deep underground geological structures.

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I didnt know that they are able to capture that much carbon and be able to store it into the ground without anything happening to it. They are able to capture up to 4 metric tons and store it 9,000 feet below the Earth's surface. I didn't even know that there was technology to turn it into a LIQUID to pipe down the Earth, i thought it was more like a filter.

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I'm happy that people are looking into multiple ways to reduce CO2 emissions or mitigate them. Whether the plan is as ambitious as the proposed carbon capture idea to eliminate massive amounts of carbon from the atmosphere or if it's just another meaningful way we can help mitigate emissions like injecting it under rock formations in Illinois.

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If carbon capture facilities in Canada were underperforming, and one was actually harming the environment, why did the US just invest $12 billion dollars into carbon capturing?

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There is an estimated 70 billion tonnes of storage capacity in the Uk alone. I wonder how long storing carbon underground will be the primary method and if we are looking into alternatives at all.

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I like that people are trying to contain the amount of CO2 in the world by pumping it down into the grounds of Illinois, but what will happen when the storage runs out of room, will there be more complexes storing CO2 and will we use any of that CO2 and put it to good use?

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I found it interesting that gasses, more specifically CO2, had more beneficial locations for its storage, as opposed to just any state in the U.S. Illinois' deep underground rock being great for CO2 storage is something I would have never really expected.

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How long can CO2 be stored underground? And once it is stored underground can we reuse it? If we can reuse it, is there a process for which the CO2 must undergo in order to be reused? What would classify CO2 as being unfit for storage? What type of contamination is involved with CO2?

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I think carbon capturing is very interesting because it cuts the pollution problem off at the source by using, for example, scrubbers in factories to prevent pollution in the air.

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"Carbon capture projects haven't received near the support at the commercial scale that other technologies have received and the technology remains at a very early stage of deployment," she said. Why is congress spending billions of dollars on carbon capture when it is in such early stages of development?

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I'm surprised with Project Tundra, we can get rid of so much Co2.

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The whole aspect of Carbon capturing is unreal to me, as it is using carbon as a renewable source. Though I am not too entirely sure about how much carbon is needed to capture to prevent a global warming crises. To what extent must we capture carbon and for what damage can it cause to the Earth?

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Something that I thought was interesting was how Project Tundra, which is a carbon capture and sequestration project that can remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. It has been taking 4 million metric tons of carbon out of the atmosphere annually or the equivalent of 800,000 gasoline-fueled vehicles off the road.

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How would we know if storing CO2 underground would keep it there? If it were to release how would we be able to tell?

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It is important to think about ways to reduce CO2 levels in the atmosphere specially in the US since it is one of the biggest producers both in total and per Capita.
https://www.worldometers.info/co2-emissions/co2-emissions-by-country/

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If North Dakota is one of the only two states given the authority to permit carbon dioxide storage, how and what must other states do to get their permit from the Environmental Protection Agency?

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I think it is smart that the person in charge of carbon capture in Illinois had considered the rock's instability to transport liquid CO2 afar and adapted by using a pipeline to make it work. Overall, it is a good idea to reduce the risk of climate change.

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Are there examples when CO2 has rapidly leaked through structural storage? How long would it ordinarily take for CO2 to fully leak through structural storage in a site?

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"The vast majority of captured carbon in this country, something like 96%, is sold back to oil companies to help them capture more oil" How does this even work?

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Rohan Dash- Biden Build Back Better Act  

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Rohan Dash- Biden Build Back Better Act  

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I personally was very interested in todays lecture because this topic is such a controversial issue in the US politically, as well as a difficult problem globally. The article by CBS brought up a lot of statistics about how removing carbon through siphoning, and the technology is beyond what the budget currently can entail. Additionally, I was really intrigued by the fact that companies are not being subsidized and instead private corporations are competing to make the best machinery and sell it at the highest price, of which is beyond what governments are willing to pay. I think this issue will continue to spur globally as if Biden could not get the funding for the bill passed there is not enough change that can occur in the next 10 years to change the world. I am curious, are there any other viable solutions on a large scale that can curtail the problem, and prevent future problems.

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The idea of transporting carbon through underground pipelines sound very risky and could back fire if something was to go faulty. I’m all for reversing global warming but with the large budget allocated to fund this project i hope they do a lot of test runs before actually going with the plan.

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I never knew or even thought of the idea of putting CO2 emissions underground. After learning about it, it makes alot of sense but how do we know that there won't be any negatives. Also can this be done in states like NJ or NY or is this mainly for central US.

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I didn't know the CO2 was turned into liquid form for storage, I wonder if any organisms/microorganisms will come to inhabit the carbon pockets specifically

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How effective is carbon capture? The Build Back Better Act seems very promising , but how long would it take to even be successful? Or, are carbon emissions simply a continual issue?

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Project tundra would capture the equivalent of 800,000 gasoline fueled vehicles co2 emission from the atmosphere in North Dakota

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As for man made Carbon capture, how long and how many different places would be needed to make up for the amount of carbon we put into the atmosphere?

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It’s estimated that the US can store around 10 billion tons of carbon underground utilizing large scale carbon capture usage and storage project. https://www.drax.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Energy-Revolution-Global-Outlook-Report-Final-Dec-2018-COP24.pdf

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Drax Carbon Capture Article, Connor McKenzie

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Drax Carbon Capture Article, Connor McKenzie

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According to the Drax article, there would need to be one hundred million tons of CO2 stored by 2060 to limit the temperature rise to two degrees Celsius. As of 2019, there is only forty million tons stored. I don't know how we expect to be able to accomplish this goal by 2060 without a complete paradigm shift in terms of what the legislative bodies of the world priorities

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Artificial Carbon sinks. Although not a new technology the scale of current projects with the technology weren't economically viable when the technology first came around. So should we start seeing more artificial carbon sinks and how big would these facilities actually be?

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I think it is cool that carbon storage exists nowadays and I hope it will continue to help the atmosphere against dangerous carbon levels but will storing carbon underground lead to other forms of environmental damage? Little is really known since it is new

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I find it interesting that the areas in which these injections of carbon dioxide will be taken place are mostly around the center of the United states. Why is that? As well as the immense amount of money being spent, its an insane amount of money.

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https://www.riverbender.com/articles/details/carbon-may-soon-be-stored-in-illinois-underground-rock-56360.cfm

It is interesting to read about how Illinois was able to develop a storage system for carbon dioxide through industrial sources when industrial sources are a major cause of atmospheric CO2 emissions. Illinois is believed to be a perfect environment for CO2 storage because of its deep underground rock. This technology is amazing because it can highly reduce the release of CO2 emissions by allowing us to capture carbon dioxide, compress it, remove H2O, and put it through pipelines.
-Shreya Bajracharya

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Once CO2 is captured, it is pressurised and turned into a liquid-like form called "supercritical CO2".  I wasn't aware that we were even capable of doing this, and I find it interesting that it goes through geological sequestration immediately after being liquified. The fact that we can even turn it into a liquid is really cool to me, I didn't know we even had technology that could do all of that.

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I find it interesting that Illinois is able to store and and transport such large amounts of Co2 underground. This is helpful because it removes Co2 from the atmosphere and stores it underground to reduce the amount of Co2 in the atmosphere.

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I didn't know about carbon capture plans until today's lecture. After reading the drax article about the projects to capture CO2 seems like CCUS is actually much more of an accepted possibility than I thought. Supposedly 98% of potentially injected carbon will stay. I just wonder HOW we plan on actually capturing it since I think that would require more energy (and more CO2 release for the sake of powering whatever mechanism it is?)

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What makes areas suitable to store CO2?

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Supercritical CO2 is a sort of liquid like Carbon that is injected into the ground. Interesting that it can be converted and stored like this.

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      Nehal Patel- If we store carbon underground, how can we ensure it does not get released? Also, if it does happen to get released, can it harm the environment? Also, has an incident ever occurred where it has been released?

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      Nehal Patel- If we store carbon underground, how can we ensure it does not get released? Also, if it does happen to get released, can it harm the environment? Also, has an incident ever occurred where it has been released?

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I didn't realize that there has been co2 pipelines for 40 years. I thought the technology of carbon burial was much newer than that.