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Ging, D., & Siapera, E. (2018). Special issue on online misogyny. Feminist Media Studies, 18(4): 515–524.

The authors, associate professors of media studies at Dublin City University, seek to identify and theorise the complex relationships between online culture, technology, and misogyny. Therefore, it seeks to transform the misogynistic spaces and discourses on the Internet through the technological possibilities of new digital platforms.

The findings show that online misogyny not only angers or offends women, but hinders their safety, freedom of expression, and participation in work and democratic processes. The study concludes that there is an urgent need to transform the digital world into a space where ​women and girls can live without fear of threat, abuse, sexual exploitation ​or silence.

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YouTube Science Channel Video Presenters and Comments: Female Friendly or Vestiges of Sexism

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YouTube Science Channel Video Presenters and Comments: Female Friendly or Vestiges of Sexism

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Thelwall, M., & Mas-Bleda, A. (2018). YouTube science channel video presenters and comments: female friendly or vestiges of sexism? A slib Journal of Information Management. 70(1): 28–46.

The authors, researchers from the Statistical Cybermetrics Research Group, University of Wolverhampton, UK, analyzed popular YouTube science video channels for signs of attractiveness to a female audience when based on the gender of the moderators or the attitude of the commentators. Analyzed data states although male commentators were more hostile to other men than to women, a few posted inappropriate sexual innuendo might put women off. From the above review, it appears that men likely dominate the moderators and viewers of YouTube science videos, potentially creating an unwelcoming space for female viewers. Therefore findings shows that female scientists are still casually judged by some based on their femininity and thus have the added burden of considering their appearance.

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Aslib -Science channels on youtube Commenting_v2h anon R1a - noTC preprint

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Content moderation: Social media’s sexist assemblages

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Content moderation: Social media’s sexist assemblages

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Gerrard, Y., & Thornham, H. (2020). Content moderation: Social media’s sexist assemblages. New Media & Society, 22(7): 1266–1286.

The authors, researchers at the University of Sethfield, United Kingdom, examine sexist assemblages using a variety of elements to understand the relationship between content moderation and long-standing forms of inequality. They conclude that sexist assemblages are not just 'sexist'. Assemblages are, and argue that the deep entrenchment of sexism in social ​work silences some of the most marginal and vulnerable social groups for whom social media promises the strongest community ties

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Let’s (re)tweet about racism and sexism responses to cyber aggression toward Black and Asian women

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Let’s (re)tweet about racism and sexism responses to cyber aggression toward Black and Asian women

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Inara Rodis, P. d. C. (2021). Let’s (re)tweet about racism and sexism: responses to cyber aggression toward Black and Asian women. Information, Communication & Society. 24(14): 2153–2173.

The author, a doctoral candidate in sociology at Pennsylvania State University, examines how the Twitter platform's algorithm highlights tweets that attract the attention of other users, which can exponentially increase a tweet's popularity in terms of sexism, particularly tweets that refer to black and Asian women. The results confirm that tweets related to this content receive more engagement, retweets, likes, and replies from different users. From the data collected, offensive language towards Black and Asian women leads to further engagement on the Twitte platform.

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Let’s (re)tweet about racism and sexism responses

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Searching for an online space for feminism? The Chinese feminist group Gender Watch Women’s Voice and its changing approaches to online misogyny

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Searching for an online space for feminism? The Chinese feminist group Gender Watch Women’s Voice and its changing approaches to online misogyny

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Han, X. (2018). Searching for an online space for feminism? The Chinese feminist group Gender Watch Women’s Voice and its changing approaches to online misogyny. Feminist Media Studies. 18(4):734–749.

The author, a researcher at the Mobile Internet & Social Media Research Centre, Communication University of China, Beijing, China, examines the ways in which this feminist group, Gender Watch Women's Voice (GWWV), has perceived misogyny and used its social media platforms to respond in the Chinese context, This work suggests that online feminist activism in the Chinese context has not brought about social change, but rather the proliferation of backlash against feminism and misogynistic acts. The work shows that GWWV rarely responds directly or immediately to attackers; rather, they rely mainly on their network of followers to fight back. As GWWV's 2017 "suspension incident" demonstrates, social media appears to contribute to the creation of state-sanctioned misogyny under the threat of online censorship. In this regard, the paper has shown how the group goes out of its way to speak out.

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Searching for an online space for feminism The Chinese feminist group Gender Watch Women s Voice and its changing approaches to online misogyny

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Self-Expression in the Cyber World: Challenges for a Woman

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Self-Expression in the Cyber World: Challenges for a Woman

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Zehnter, M. K., Manzi, F., Shrout, P. E., & Heilman, M. E. (2021). Belief in sexism shift: Defining a new form of contemporary sexism and introducing the belief in sexism shift scale (BSS scale). PLoS One. 16(3).

The authors collected data based on the fact that men suffer from gender discrimination. The data collected suggests that sexism is male to female and a societal problem. Recently, efforts have been made to begin to understand this emerging belief and its possible causes and consequences. Using the belief in sexism shift scale (BSS), findings conclude that it is possible that those who endorse BSS blame women for the hardships of contemporary men. Similarly, it is possible that hostile sexists are more likely to see the world as a place where men are ​systematically victimized.

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Abjection overruled! Time to dismantle sexist cyberbullying in academia

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Abjection overruled! Time to dismantle sexist cyberbullying in academia

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Mandalaki, E., & Pérezts, M. (2021). Abjection overruled! Time to dismantle sexist cyberbullying in academia. Organization.

The author, a researcher at the OCE Research Center, Emlyon Business School, France, draws on a personal experience with sexist cyberbullying used in social media against one of our academic papers to address the increasing instances of cybersexism in the academy. By reading our experience in the context of feminist understandings of impurity and rejection, we affirm the need to dismantle cybersexism directed at nonconforming academic knowledge, particularly ​feminist knowledge. The discussion is based on the potential of cyberspace to provide opportunities for community ​solidarity that can be a source of empowerment for victims of academic cybersexism.

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Gendered cyberhate as workplace harassment and economic vandalism

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Gendered cyberhate as workplace harassment and economic vandalism

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Jane, E. A. (2018). Gendered cyberhate as workplace harassment and economic vandalism. Feminist Media Studies. 18(4): 575–591.

The author, a senior research fellow at the University of New South Wales in Sydney, Australia, studies the social and ethical implications of new technologies, focusing on misogyny. This case study, therefore, addresses cyber abuse and harassment and the negative impact on women's lives. The findings show that gender-based cyberhate that impacts women's circumstances is not trivial, harmless, not "real," or something that female workers can blame themselves for or easily avoid. It is a problem related to gender discrimination in employment, violence, and human rights violations, and should be recognized and addressed as such.

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Gendered cyberhate as workplace harassment and economic vandalism

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“It’s a terrible way to go to work:” what 70 million readers’ comments on the Guardian revealed about hostility to women and minorities online

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“It’s a terrible way to go to work:” what 70 million readers’ comments on the Guardian revealed about hostility to women and minorities online

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Gardiner, B. (2018). “It’s a terrible way to go to work:” what 70 million readers’ comments on the Guardian revealed about hostility to women and minorities online. Feminist Media Studies. 18(4): 592–608.

The author, a Senior Research Fellow Department of Media and Communications, Goldsmiths University, University of London, London, UK, analysed 70 million posted comments on various Guardian articles. Female and BAME journalists (black, Asian, and minority ethnic) in particular complained that they were subjected to more abuse than their male, white colleagues. This study finds prima facie evidence to support the journalists' claims. The results show that the lack of diversity in the media affects the quality of online conversations. The survey results show that the offensive comments women journalists receive tend to be more personal in nature ​and that women are more likely to change their behaviour as a result. Thus, both employment practises and hostile comments contribute to women's voices not being heard in the media

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It s a terrible way to go to work what 70 million readers comments on the Guardian revealed about hostility to women and minorities online

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Shameless hags and tolerance whores: feminist resistance and the affective circuits of online hate

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Shameless hags and tolerance whores: feminist resistance and the affective circuits of online hate

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Sundén, J., & Paasonen, S. (2018). Shameless hags and tolerance whores: feminist resistance and the affective circuits of online hate. Feminist Media Studies. 18(4): 643–656.

The authors, professors at Soedertoern University in Stockholm, Sweden, and Turku University in Turku, Finland, respectively, examine shamelessness as a feminist tactic of resistance to online misogyny, hatred, and shaming in a Nordic context. Using Facebook posts, blogs, and discussion forums, the article conceptualises the affective dynamics and intersectional nature of online hate against women and others. The findings conclude that online humour disproportionately targets women. Therefore revival added a new sting to the memetic logic.

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Shameless hags and tolerance whores feminist

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Old jokes, new media –Online sexism and constructions of gender in Internet memes

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Old jokes, new media –Online sexism and constructions of gender in Internet memes

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Gerrard, Y., & Thornham, H. (2020). Content moderation: Social media’s sexist assemblages. New Media & Society. 22(7): 1266–1286.

The authors, researchers at the OCE Research Center, Emlyon Business School, France, draw on a personal experience with sexist cyberbullying on social media, particularly cybersexism. In the article, you can read various discussions of their experience in light of feminist perspectives on impurity and rejection.