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A very skilled mathematician and NASA's first Black manager. She was in charge of a segregated section of the NASA's computing team. She began as just a another member of the team in 1943. It wasn't until 1949 before she became the manager. After NASA she went on to become a high school mathematics teacher.

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Lloyd Hall was a chemist who worked in the field of food preservation.  He was responsible for creating chemicals known as "flash-dried" salt crystals that preserve food and keep its taste. Lloyd Hall also had over 100 patents. He was born on June 20, 1894 in Elgin, Illinois. He attended college at Northwestern University and finished at the University of Chicago. Lloyd Hall performed most of his scientific research at Griffith Laboratories in a 34-year time frame.

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(1867-1919) A philanthropist and political and social activist. She is recorded as the first female self-made millionaire in America by creating her own skincare line of products for  woman and she was in the Guinness Book of World Records.

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Alice Ball was an American chemist who created the most effective treatment for leprosy.  Born in 1892,  the "Ball" method used oil from the seeds of the chaulmoogra tree and froze them overnight so that it could be injected into the bloodstream. This was an innovation at the time because the oil was  only able to be taken orally. Ball's discovered that freezing it overnight would allow the esters in the oil to separate and be injected. One reason she was not given more credit at the time was because one of her colleagues, Arthur Dean, took credit for Ball's findings and named the technique the "Dean" method. Ball was only 23 when she developed the "Ball" method. In 1915 she became the first woman and first Black American to graduate with a master's degree from the College of Hawaii. Ball was also the first African American "research chemist and instructor" in the College of Hawaii's chemistry department. She died in 1916, at 24 years old, most likely from tuberculosis, however the cause still remains unknown.

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1921-2008
Marie Maynard Daly is an important contributor to the research of high blood pressure  and atherosclerosis. She researched the cause of some high blood pressure related issues, She is he first black women to earn a Ph.D at Columbia University in chemistry. She searched the cause of atherosclerosis which refers to the buildup of fats, cholesterol, and other substances in  and on your artery walls which can restrict blood flow.

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Benjamin Banneker, born 1731 in the American colonies, was very skilled in mathematics and astronomy. Despite having no formal education, he predicted the occurrence of a solar eclipse. Later, he published six volumes that discussed important information about scientific topics like astronomy and medicine. Additionally, he created the first ever clock, an extremely important invention still used today.

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Born in 1867, Charles Turner was an American behavioral scientist who is known for his studies on the behavior of insects. In 1913, he received a PhD. in zoology. His works showed that social insects can modify their behavior from experience, specifically bees and ants

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Mary W. Jackson was the first black woman to work for NASA. She was a mathematician and aerospace engineer.

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Marie Maynard Daly was a chemist who conducted studies on proteins, sugars, and cholesterol. Her biggest discovery was a connection between high cholesterol levels and high blood pressure. She was the first black woman to receive a PhD in chemistry.

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An American agricultural scientist who is recognized as the most prominent black scientist of the 20th century. Promoted alternative crops to cotton, discovered hundreds of uses for the peanut, and explored ways to prevent soil degradation. Brought forth a significant advance in agricultural training and health.

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Herman Branson was a physicist who had discovered the alpha helix protein structure with his colleagues Dr. Linus Pauling and Dr. Robert Corey. Dr.Herman Branson also conducted research on sickle cell  anemia. Graduated from Virginia State College then received his PhD in physics from University of Cincinnati 1939. Born in Pocahontas, VA in 1914 and passed away in Washington D.C in 1995 due to heart failure.

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She lived to be 101 years old from 1918 to 2020. Mathematician that calculated  orbital mechanics. Her calculations were very important to the success of the first U.S. spaceflights such as Project Mercury. The first flights changed the course of space travel forever and Katherine Johnson is definitely someone to thank for that.

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Percy Lavon Julian is an esteemed chemical synthesist who received his Phd at Depauw university. In 1935 Percy Lavon Julian made her first impact on history when he made physotigmine available for glaucoma treatment, which is," undoubtedly the most significant chemical research publication to come from DePauw." says the American Chemical Society. However this was just the first stride in chemical synthesis that Mr.Julian took. Throughout the rest of his career Percy Lavon Julian made great achievements like publishing papers that would be published in the American Chemical Society, and even going so far as to synthesize Reichstein's Substance S in 1948, and worked on the synthesis of the yohimbine alkaloids and in uncovering the metabolism of tryptophan. Percy Lavon Julian was truly an amazing scientific figure.

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Ernest Everett Just was an early African American biologist. He was born in the year 1883. He was the first to recognize the fundamental role of the cells surface in development of organisms. He mostly researched fertilization and the development of organisms, and the relation of the cells outer structure to them.

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(1942-2019) Patricia Bath was an inventor, humanitarian and ophthalmologist. An ophthalmologist is a doctor that specializes in eye and vision care. She invented laser cataract surgery which is a surgery that breaks up and removes cataracts, a medical condition which causes blurry vision. She received her education in  Howard University, Hunter College and the University of California. Her invention is called Laserphaco Probe and she improved and restored the vision of thousands of patients worldwide. She changed the field ophthalmology with her contributions.

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(October 17, 1956 - present) Mae Jemison was the first African American Woman Astronaut. She also holds degrees in other scientific fields, such as engineering and the medical field. On September 12, 1992, Jemison and six other astronauts were launched into space on the space shuttle, Endeavor. Dr. Jemison conducted experiments on weightlessness and motion sickness during her eight day misson in space. Dr. Mae C. Jemison holds a place in the National Women's Hall of Fame and the International Space Hall of Fame. Dr. Mae Jemison is currently leading the 100 Year Starship project through the United States Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). The goal of this project is to ensure space travel to another star is a possibility within the next 100 years.

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The famous astronomer and author of many interesting astrophysics books that entertain and inform millions. Tyson earned his masters degree in astrophysics from Columbia University in 1989 and can be seen on many TV shows like Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey.

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Her invaluable legacy can be seen in so many different facets of our life which we do not fully realize.