# data[].attributes.body
1. Skin
2. Lung
3. Kidney
4.Liver
5.Bladder

# data[].attributes.body
1) 1.skin
2.lung
3.kidney
4.liver
5. bladder

2) 1.skin- the body sweats to get rid of excess water and mineral ion.
2.lung- carbon dioxide
3.kidneys-  excess water through urine.
4.liver-
5. bladder- stores the urine and releases it.

# data[].attributes.body
Skin - sweat
Lungs - Co2
Kidney - filters urea form the blood
Liver - toxification
Bladder - urine

# data[].attributes.body
Starter

1. Skin

Lung

Kidney
Liver

Gall Bladder

1. Skin: during sweat the body loses water,mineral ions and urea

Lung: As you breathe out carbon dioxide water diffuses through the walls of the alveoli to be wasted as water vapor

Liver: it breaks down excess amino acids to form urea

Kidney: Since the urea is a toxic substance so it is filtered and removed from the body by the kidney.
Gall bladder: It secretes  the urine stored

# data[].attributes.body
1) skin
2) lungs
3) kidney
4)liver
5) bladder
Question 2:
Skin: when we sweat we loose minerals and water
Lung: when we inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide.
Kidney: removes urea
Liver: removes toxins
Bladder: urine

# data[].attributes.body
1)neck
2)lung
3) kidney
4)liver
5)bladder

2-carbon dioxide, liver cleans blood, dead skin cells, urine, kidney removes extra fluids and acid.

# data[].attributes.body
skin-gives out electrolytes/ water/ ions
lungs- gives out co2
liver-makes ammonia to urea (which is less toxic)
kidney- ultra filtration (taking urea out of blood) selective re absorption
urethra/bladder- excretes urine

# data[].attributes.body
A) neck
B)lungs
C) kidney
D) liver
E) Anus

# data[].attributes.body
Starter:
1)
1.Skin
2.Lungs
3.Kidney
4.Liver
5.Bladder

2)Waste products removed from the organs
1.Skin: It excretes water through sweating
2.Lungs: Removes CO2
3.Kidney: It removes urine
4.Liver: It removes ammonia converted to urea
5.Bladder: stores urine until it is released

# data[].attributes.body
1.neck
2.lung
3 kidney
4. Liver
5.bladder

# data[].attributes.body
1.skin
2. lung
3. kidney
4. liver
5. bladder

2. skin removes sweat
lungs remove co2
kidneys remove urea
liver removes toxins
bladder removes urine

# data[].attributes.body
1. Skin - getting rid of sweat
2. Lungs - carbon dioxide
3. Kidney - urea
4. Liver - toxins
5. Bladder - urine

# data[].attributes.body
Starter:
1) & 2)
(i) Skin - sweat consisting of water and minerals
(ii) Lung - carbon dioxide and water
(iii) Kidney - excess water,  minerals and urea
(iv) Liver - urea from broken down ammonia (deaminated amino acids)
(v) Bladder - urine

# data[].attributes.body
1) a. Skin
b. Lungs
c. Kidney
d. Liver
e. Bladder
2) Skin removes excess water, urea  and ions through sweat. The lungs excess water from the blood, and exhales the CO2 out. The bladder removes the urine stored. The liver breaks down the amino acids and those toxins are converted to urea for safe excretion. The kidney filters the urea to take it to the bladder.

# data[].attributes.body
Stimulus to receptor to sensory neuron to relay neuron to motor neuron to effector to response

Between neurons

0.2 seconds

Age or neurological diseases

# data[].attributes.body
1. a=receptor b=sensory neuron c=relay neuron d=motor neuron e=effector
2. All the connections between the neurons , 2
3.0.02
4.different timing since the one we calculated is the average. Different bodies work differently . Need to travel between synapses that might take time

# data[].attributes.body
1)A -Stimulus B – Sensory neuron C- Relay neuron D – Motor neuron E – Muscle (Effector organ)
2)between all neurons
3)0.02

# data[].attributes.body
1. a- receptor b-sensory neuron c-relay neuron d- motor neuron
e-effector
2. the synapses are located between the sensory neuron and relay neuron, and also between the relay neuron and motor neuron.
3. 1.5/75=0.02 seconds.
4. since the elctrical impulses travel across the synapses, it cantake time.

# data[].attributes.body
Starter:-
1) sensory, relay and motor neurons, stimulus and the receptor
2) synapses are the connections between two neurons so synapses can be located between sensory neuron and relay neurons and can be located also between relay neurons and motor neurons.
3) t=d/s
t=1.5/75
t=0.02 seconds
4) This is due to the time taken for diffusion to happen across the synapse

# data[].attributes.body
1: Skin: sweat
2: Lungs: C02
3: Kidneys: Extra water
4: Liver: Toxins
5: Blader : Excretion, storage area

# data[].attributes.body
Starter:
1. A(receptor) --> B(sensory neuron) --> C(relay neuron)--> D(motor neuron)--> E(effector)
2. Synapse is located between sensory neuron and relay neuron(B and C) and between relay neuron and motor neuron(C and D)
3. time  = distance / speed
= 1.5 / 75
= 0.02 sec.

4. because electrical impulses need to travel across synapses

# data[].attributes.body
1) stimulus, receptor, sensory neurone, relay neurone, motor neurone, effector
2) synapses is found in the middle of the neurones, nerve endings.
3) 1.5/75 = 0.02s
4) Because the electrical impulses take time for diffusion in the passing from the synapses.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Reflex pathway is the stimulus, the sensory neurons going to the relay neurons the to the motor neurons and then the effector organs.
2. The synapses is between the neurons.
3. time = distance/speed
= 1.5/75
= 0.02 seconds
4. Electrical impulses travel across the synapses. The synapse will take time to release the chemical.

# data[].attributes.body
daddy the nervous system is a highly complex part of an animal that coordinates its actions and sensory information by transmitting signals to and from different parts of its body.

# data[].attributes.body
starter
q1.
a1.  receiving information about the environment around us (sensation) and generating responses to that information (motor responses).
q2
a2. a- branches
b- plasama
c- nucleus

# data[].attributes.body
1. Transmit/send  signals throughout the body
2.A- dendrite , B- cytoplasm, c- nucleus, D- axon , E- myelin sheath, F- terminal branches
3.

# data[].attributes.body
1. The job of the nervous system is to monitor and coordinate the functions of the internal organs in response to changes in the environment.
2. A- Dendrons B- Cell body, C- Nucleus, D-         , E- Axon, F-
3. - environment
-  reflex
4. Eye
5. Glands and Muscles

# data[].attributes.body
1. the nervous system is responsible for your intelligence, memory and learning, it also controls basic actions like walking or running etc. parts of the nervous system include - dendrite, cytoplasm, nucleus, axon, terminal branches

2. environment , reflex

3. eye

4. glands and muscles

# data[].attributes.body
1.The nervous system receives information and generates responses.
2. A= Dendrite
B= Cell Body
C=Nucleus
D= Myelin Sheath
E=Axon
F Nerve Endings
3.Environment and Reflex
4. Eye
5. Glands & Muscles

# data[].attributes.body
1. The job of the nervous system is to help parts of the body communicate with the brain.
2.a.dendrite b.soma c.neucles d.myleain sheath e.node of ranvier f.axon terminal
3.environment, reflex
4.eye
5. Gland and muscle

# data[].attributes.body
Starter:
1. Job of the nervous system is to receive information about our surroundings and react to it.
Nervous system consists of: brain, spinal chord and nerves

2. A) Dendrite
B)
C) Nucleus
D) Myelin Sheath
E)

3. stimulus - change in the internal or external environment of an organism

response - fast, automatic, protective, biological control systems that link stimulus to response

# data[].attributes.body
1) The nervous system helps transmit signals to your body.
2) A=
B=Cell body
C=Nucleus
D=
E=
F=
3) environment
reflex

# data[].attributes.body
1) the nervous system is   a complex collection of nerves and specialized cells known as neurons that transmit signals between different parts of the body

2) A - Dendrites
B – Cell body
C – Nucleus
D – Myelin sheath
E – Axon
F – Nerve endings

3)environment , reflex

4) allows us to detect certain types of stimuli - eye

5)glands and muscles

# data[].attributes.body
Starter:-
1) The nerves system detects and reacts to stimuli
2)
A- Dendrites
B- Cell body
C - nucleus
D -
E-
F-
3) environment, reflex
4) The eye
5) muscles and glands

# data[].attributes.body
1)the network of nerve cells and fibers which transmits nerve impulses between parts of the body.

# data[].attributes.body
1) And antigen is a substance that creates an immune response in the body.
2) Immunosuppressants and matching the antigens of the donor and recipient.

# data[].attributes.body
no anser

# data[].attributes.body
1) An antigen is any substance that causes your immune system to produce antibodies against it. An antigen may be a substance from the environment, such as chemicals, bacteria, viruses, or pollen.

# data[].attributes.body
1)is a substance that causes your immune  system to produce antibodies against it.

# data[].attributes.body
1. an antigen is a substance that creates an immune response in the body ( anti bodies ). antigens can come from the environment in the form of bacteria, viruses and parasites.

2.

# data[].attributes.body
Starter:-
1) Antigens are special molecules that are on the red blood cells’ membrane
2) 1- match the antigens of the donor and the recipient
2- The recipient is given a drug called immunosuppressant drug for the rest of their life this drug helps to prevent the rejection of new organ.

# data[].attributes.body
a) a foreign substance that evokes an immune response in the body.
b)

# data[].attributes.body
1. an antigen is a protein and its presence or absence on the cell membrane determines the blood type.

2. 1) immunosuppressant is given to the recipient to stop the body from rejecting it.
2)

# data[].attributes.body
1) antigen are substances that cause an immune response in the body by identifying substances
2) will need to take anti rejection drug which will prevent immune system attacking the donor organ and  tissue typing the determination of the degree of compatibility of tissues or organs from different individuals

# data[].attributes.body
1) An antigen is a special molecules in the red blood cells on the cell membrane. It triggers the immune response in the body. (includes immunogens)
2) Give immunosuppressant drugs to the patient. And does blood typing for matching blood type.

# data[].attributes.body
Starter
(a) Antigen - proteins on the surface of cells
(b) - match the antigens on the recipient's and donor's organs (compatible blood type, tissue matching)
- give recipient immunosuppressant drugs (weaken the immune system so there is less risk of rejecting donor organ)

# data[].attributes.body
q1.
a1.  antigen is a unique specific portein on the surface of the cell.
q2.
a2. Some drugs could be given.

# data[].attributes.body
1. An antigen is what’s present on top of your red blood cells and is what determines your blood type.
2.make sure the donor and recipient have the same blood type, and make sure that the antigens are the same

# data[].attributes.body
1. A+ or AB+
2.

# data[].attributes.body
Her blood type is A so she can can only revive from  O+and O- as they are the universal donor . And even from A+ it won’t be foreign to the body.

# data[].attributes.body
her blood type is A so she can only receive blood from anyone whos got A and O, A wont be foreign because its the same blood type and O is a universal blood type with no anti gens.

# data[].attributes.body
Progress check:
She can receive blood group A and O as her cells have A antigen. Blood group O has no antigens and her body would react against them.

# data[].attributes.body
progress check:
she can receive A(because her cells have the same antigens ) and O (because O has no antigens.)

# data[].attributes.body
If her blood type is a, she will safely receive from a blood types and o blood types, because the antibodies will not attack them or recognize them to be as foreign.

# data[].attributes.body
Progress check:-
1) can receive blood from blood type A, O. It can receive blood from A because the antigens on her blood cells’ surface are A and will receive from O because O has no antigens

# data[].attributes.body
The blood transfusion can be done with both blood type A and O. Because O is the universal donor. And A because the antibodies would then be created for blood type B and AB. This is because of the structure of the antigens.

# data[].attributes.body
Progress Check:
Blood group A can receive blood from blood group A and O.

Because blood group A have A antigens and blood group O have no antigens. So they will match the antigens of the recipient's RBC and will not be recognised as foreign

# data[].attributes.body
1.A+ and A- And O+ and o -
2. depending on the antigens in the blood and how they react.

# data[].attributes.body
1) A+,A-,O+,O-

2)

# data[].attributes.body
Starter:-
1) Can receive blood from A and O
2) The antigens on the surface of the red blood cells determine the blood type

# data[].attributes.body
1. Probably A+ and maybe if there’s a shortage AB+ Or O-
2. One’s blood type is dependent on which A/B antigens are in your red blood cells. The positive and negative is dependent on like, if there is a type of protein present

# data[].attributes.body
1)

# data[].attributes.body
1) A+ or AB+
2) They are determined with the amount of sugars bonded in the membrane of the protein and lipids.

# data[].attributes.body
1) blood group A+ or blood group O -
2)red blood cells

# data[].attributes.body
1) he can safely receive from A+, A-, o+ , O- (A or O blood types).
2) Blood types are determined by the presence or absence of antigens.

# data[].attributes.body
Starter:
Q) For A blood group you can receive O and A blood  type
Q) The antigens (proteins) found on the red blood cells determine your blood group

# data[].attributes.body
Starter:
1.He can safely receive blood group A and O.
2.Red blood cells have special molecules in their cell membrane. The antigens will determine a person's blood type.

# data[].attributes.body
The patient can safely receive A+ and O- blood group during blood transfusion.
The blood group is determined by the genes.

# data[].attributes.body
Starter:
1.Coronary artery
2.It has become narrower because of fatty deposits.
3.Balloon
4.It helps to open the blood vessels and allows blood to go around the blockage of fatty deposits.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Coronary Artery
2.The valve is jammed by substances.
3.By doing a bypass surgery

# data[].attributes.body
1.coronary artery or heart valves.

# data[].attributes.body
1) coronary arteries
2)  a layer of fat is blocking the  arteries  from supplying blood
3) you can have diets low in cholesterol.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Coronary Artery
2. It is being blocked by fats
3. by undergoing through surgery

# data[].attributes.body
1) Coronary Artery
2) it is being blocked by fats or any substances.
3.

# data[].attributes.body
1) E - Coronary Artery
2) There is a build up of fat in the artery, causing blockage.
3) Exercise more and avoid food rich in cholesterol.
4)

# data[].attributes.body
Starter:-
1) Coronary artery
2) The coronary artery that supplies blood to the muscle of heart got blocked by layers of fatty material building up. This causes them to become narrow
3) By using stents and statins, stents are tubes that keep the coronary artery open and statins reduce the cholesterol
4) stents are tubes that keep the coronary artery open so the blood can pass through.

# data[].attributes.body
1) E is a coronary artery
2) it seems that there is some substance blocking it.

# data[].attributes.body
Coronary artery
Plaque or fatty deposites has built up and clotted in that artery and it cause it  to get blocked to fix it they insert a stent  through the artery and the net is expanded in that using a balloon  and then it would widen the artery allowing it to open again

# data[].attributes.body
1. Coronary Artery
2. Fat is built up and it's blocking the arteries and it makes the artery narrow.
3. Diets based around less cholesterol. You can also use stents to open the blocked artery.
4. The stent will open the coronary artery and it will keep it open and this allows the blood to flow through a wider artery.

# data[].attributes.body
Starter:
1) E is a coronary artery
2) Blood flow is being blocked by fats
3) You can use stents to open out the blocked artery
4) A surgery is carried out to insert a wire mesh tube (stent) that will extend against the artery walls and allow a wider opening for blood to flow through

# data[].attributes.body
1. Coronary artery
2. It is being blocked by build up of fatty deposits.
3. By pass operation, allow low diets in cholesterol, angioplasty
4. The balloon opens the blood vessels.

# data[].attributes.body
1. coronary artery

2.  the fat build up is blocking the arteries

3.  by avoiding trans fats like fried food , cakes or any sort of packages foods

4. /

# data[].attributes.body
1) E= coronary artery.
2) The blood vessel is not able to carry the blood and oxygen due to the blockage by plaque (fatty substance)
3) open chest surgery.
4) heart lung machine is attached. (The cut is made from the breastbone to the open of rib cage, keeping the heart exposed).

# data[].attributes.body
A pacemakers job is to make your heart beat, and artificially take over the role of your sinus node if it's not working properly.

# data[].attributes.body
Progress Check:
The pacemaker sends electrical impulses. When a heart doesn't beat regularly, a pacemaker can correct the rate. It maintains the heart rate and rhythm.

# data[].attributes.body
Artificial pacemakers work by taking the role of your heart's sinus node (which is your natural pacemaker, located in the upper right chamber of your heart). which sends electrical impulses to make your heart beat. Electrical impulses are sent by pacemakers to stimulate your heart to contract and produce a heart beat.

# data[].attributes.body
artificial pacemaker sends electrical impulses to the heartbeat to regulate it and produce a heartbeat.

# data[].attributes.body
Progress Check

An artificial pacemaker is a small device with wires that is inserted into the chest to regulate the heart rate by producing corrective electrical impulses.

# data[].attributes.body
Progress check:
The pacemaker controls the heart beats by sending electrical impulses. These small devices are fit into the heart, with wires, in the right atrium. It replaces the sinus node.

# data[].attributes.body
progress check :
The pace maker controls the heart beats by sending electrical impulses. it takes the role of your sinus node if it has been damaged. it takes place in the right atrium.

# data[].attributes.body
Progress check:-
The artificial pacemaker produce a small electric impulses which spreads to the surrounding muscle cells causing them to contract.

# data[].attributes.body
1. the nervous system controls the heart

2. if the heart rate is too low not enough oxygen will be supplied to the organs, if its too fast it reduces the efficiency of the heart and the blood.

3.

# data[].attributes.body
1. the heartbeat is controlled by the right atrium.

2. if the heart beats too fast, it wont be able to pump blood properly. if the heart beats too slow, the person will not get enough oxygen.

3.

# data[].attributes.body
1. The Nervous system controls the heartbeat
2. If the heart beats too fast, it might not be pumping enough blood to the rest of the body.  And if the heart is beating too slow, the electrical pathways of the heart might be disrupted or the heart’s pacemaker is not working properly.

# data[].attributes.body
Heart beats are controlled by right atrium.

2) if the heart beats slowly not enough oxygen will be supplied to organs. If

# data[].attributes.body
1. Sinus node present in the right atrium
2.feel faint / dizzy/ headache/ nausea
3. Pace maker to send impulses to make it pump when it’s needed too

# data[].attributes.body
1. The right atrium controls the heartbeat.
2.if your heart beats too slowly your brain won’t have enough blood flow and you could pass out or faint. If it beats too fast there won’t be blood supplied to the rest of your body, just the organs and you’ll feel lightheaded and dizzy.
3.control your breathing rate and keep a healthy diet, stay away from sodium if you have cholesterol issues.