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Week 1 : Tuesday 14/09/2018 (Introductory Session)

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Week 1 : Tuesday 14/09/2018 (Introductory Session)

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Our first class of Introduction of Curriculum and Instructional (EDU555) was held at dewan kuliah.  this subject was managed by Madam Fitriah Binti Alias. I really grateful that finally Madam Fitriah has taught our class for this semester.  This is because, when I in previous semester I always wondering how could be her lecture when she be my lecturer.  HAHA . She are so soft spoken and very polite with all the students. My expectation to her are correct.

As first class of new semesters, our lecturer will brief the subject that we will learn. In EDU 555, Madam Fitriah has explain that there have two categories in teaching. There are curriculum and instruction. For curriculum, it provide overview of the principles, practices in curriculum development and syllabus designs. While, in instruction and instructional materials there involved principles, method and techniques in the classroom instruction and instructional material development.

Meanwhile, Madam Fitriah also have brief us about the assessment that will need to be done. In the assessments, there have two tasks. One is for individual work with 80% of marks and another one is 20% marks of group work. The individual work included test, reflective writing (E-portfolio) and article review. For the group work is course design and micro-teaching. In group of course design, I decided to collaborate with Amiratul, Anis, Aimashiha and Abdul Rahman.  For the micro-teaching task, I decided to be working together with Asmiera.

Before our class end, Madam Fitriah has explain more details of article review and we discuss about arranging the time and place of up-coming class.

Thank you Madam for the first day =

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Week 2: Tuesday 2/10/2018 (Curriculum and Instruction)

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Week 2: Tuesday 2/10/2018 (Curriculum and Instruction)

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From my notes, today Madam Fitriah have taught us about Curriculum.  Curriculum can be envisaged from different perspectives.  In  Curriculum, there are have intended, written official, implemented, archived and learned.
However, the definition of curriculum from Ministry of Education, Malaysia according to Akta Pendidikan 1996 are:
“ Satu program pendidikan yang termasuk kurikulum dan kegiatan ko-kurikulum yang merangkumi semua pengetahuan, kemahiran, norma, nilai, unsur kebudayaan, dan kepercayaan untuk membantu perkembangan seseorang murid dengan sepenuhnya dari segi rohani, jasmani, mental dan emosi serta untuk menyampaikan pengetahuan.”

In the Curriculum, there have four (4) types of Curriculum's, first are Curriculum, Co-curriculum, Extra Curriculum and Hidden Curriculum.

Curriculum:
-learning experiences
-a plan of study
-documented
-academic in nature

Co-curriculum:
-activities outside the classroom to support the curriculum
-compulsory
-sports and games, uniform club and associations
-involved personal or individual development

Extra-Curriculum or Activities:
-activities outside the classroom
-not compulsory
-just an extra lesson or experience for the students

Hidden Curriculum
-involved moral values
-informal learning inside or outside of the classroom
-unwritten or implicit

in the other hands, Madam Fitriah also have explain about Instruction. is the process of implementing the curriculum through the process of teaching and learning by using various approaches, methods and techniques. Curriculum and Instruction are both needed in teaching and learning.

To be short, in having a complete teaching we need to start from the bottom to the top where first are lesson plan, second are scheme of work, third are syllabus and lastly is Curriculum.
TQ :*

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Week 3: Tuesday 09/10/2018 (Curriculum Development, Tyler's/Objective Model, Interaction / Dynamic Model)

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Week 3: Tuesday 09/10/2018 (Curriculum Development, Tyler's/Objective Model, Interaction / Dynamic Model)

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Why the Ministry of Education change the objective?

a successful educational program and thus effective curriculum development should be to needs and current demands of the culture, the society and the expectation of population

therefore curriculum development and the educational process continually under goes review and revision

without doubt, the most important person implementation process with their knowledge experiences and competence

the process of curriculum development requires teachers to act and reflect on society needs in each stage of the development process

teacher want to enjoy teaching and watching their student development of interest and skills.

All the teachers in the world tried hard to gave their best in delivered knowledge and experiences to the  students.  Teachers need to have the knowledge of curriculum development. In daily curriculum teachers need the development by implementing the curriculum through the process of teaching and learning. Before teaching and learning process, teacher need to prepared daily lesson plan to have a organize lessons as planned.

As in my second week I have explain that in having a complete teaching we need to start from the bottom to the top where first are lesson plan, second are scheme of work, third are syllabus and lastly is Curriculum.  However, in curriculum development, there have three (3) main stage that need teacher need to take care of before starting teaching.  There is what lesson teacher want to teach that day (planning), how the teaching process will be done (implementation) and lastly is how teacher evaluate the student and the lesson on their teaching (evaluation).  This stages are very important to achieve the objective of teaching.

Tyler's / Objective Model by Ralph Tyler (1950)
Tyler's model are the most common model in the field of curriculum construction.  here there have four (4)  stages that he create for teaching objective.  first stage goes to Objectives, then Content, next is Method and last is Evaluation.

Interaction / Dynamic Model by Taba and Cohen (1962)
From Taba and Cohen perspective, they tough that there have a weakness in Tayler's Model. So then, they make do the modification of the Tyler’s Model to the dynamic process of teaching development. In this model, curriculum development is seen as a dynamic process. It may begin with any of the four curriculum element i.e. objectives, contents, methods, evaluation and these elements can be followed in any sequence.

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Week 4: Tuesday 16/10/2018 (Taba's Model, Contemporary Model) 

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Week 4: Tuesday 16/10/2018 (Taba's Model, Contemporary Model) 

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Today we goes to new curriculum development approach with Taba's Model. This model was proposed by Hilda Taba(1962) also known as “Grass-roots approach’. Taba said that teacher should have major input in curriculum development. The steps or stages in curriculum development are almost similar to Tyler’s Model. However, the main difference is in the need to carry out a diagnosis of needs in Taba’s Model where the  inductive approach need to start with specifics to a general design. According to her model's, teachers need it identifying the needs of students that could helps the developers to designing the curriculum.  In Taba's model, there have seven(7) stages that teachers could follows before starting the curriculum.
1. Diagnosis of Needs:

Begin by identifying the needs of the students for whom the curriculum is planned.

2. Formulation of Objectives:

Specify objectives to be accomplished.

3. Selection of Content:

Match content and objectives.

4. Organisation of Content:

Organised content in a sequence, taking into account the maturity of the learners, their academic achievement and their interests.

5. Selection of Learning Experiences:

Teacher selects learning experiences and methods that will involve the students with the content.

6. Organisation of Learning Experiences:

Sequence and organised learning activities.

7. Evaluation and Means of Evaluation:

Determine how objectives are to be accomplished and what have been accomplished.

Contemporary Model
Based on 3 models of curriculum development, the contemporary model or framework of curriculum development involves 5 steps:

1) Needs analysis

It may include analyzing the needs of students, graduates, stakeholder or employers

2) Formulating Objectives

Formulate objectives in relation to established philosophy, vision, mission, goals and objectives of the institution or organization or body

3) Selecting and organizing content

In selecting the content, the sources could be involved by lecturers, external examiners, accreditation bodies, IHLs / academicians, professional bodies or government policies

4) Implementing the curriculum

Teaching and learning process

5) Evaluating the curriculum

Determine the method to measure whether the curriculum is achieving the desired objectives or results. It involves an appraisal of the students’ actual behavior.

It should be carried out at several different times to secure evidence of the permanence of the learning achieved.

teacher can using a variety of methods for examples tests, work samples, questionnaires, records, etc.

This can evaluate the indicate strengths and weaknesses of the program and also to plan for revision

However, from those Models, there have their own strength and weakness of the process. Its depending on the teachers which curriculum development approach that suitable to applied in their teaching and learning. all the teachers in world want the best for their student in future.

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Week 5: Tuesday 23/10/2018 (Curriculum Evaluation)

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Week 5: Tuesday 23/10/2018 (Curriculum Evaluation)

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Assessment and Evaluation
According to Hanna and Dettmer, (2004) assessment is the process of gathering data. More specifically, assessment is the ways instructors gather data about their teaching and their students’ learning.  Meanwhile, the evaluation is once these data are gathered, you can then evaluate the student’s performance. It is in the decision making process then, where we design ways to improve the recognized weaknesses, gaps, or deficiencies.
In maintaining and sustaining the assessment evaluation, the meeting that ever changing needs will have could involved the quality, relevance, adequacy, and quantity.

Model (framework) for Curriculum Evaluation

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Week 6: 30/10/2018 (Course Design &Micro-Teaching Preparation) 

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Week 6: 30/10/2018 (Course Design &Micro-Teaching Preparation) 

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As usual, Madam Fitriah always came early to the class.  She looks cute as always with her baby bump.  This morning,  our class proceed to General Knowledge where the education of instructional objectives.  in the other hand, Madam Fitriah also asks us to discus about the Course Program. We need to do the entrance and exit survey of the program to evaluate it after the program end. The need analysis also must include in the program report as well.

My group has a plan a few program that could be held for our course design such as to visit old folks home, held the program to problems students, motivation talks and planning to have a camp to unwanted children.  At the last, we decided to choose the camping for unwanted children from NGO or one association program.
For the discussion, there a few groups that have planned to do a motivation camp, blood donation, and  prevention drugs campaign.  from the discussion, Madam Fitriah allow us to refer to her before proceed to the other assessment.

last but not least, Madam Fitriah has brief us about Micro-teaching
which will start on Week 10. for this Micro-teaching, I have being a pair with Asmiera and our first planned we want to teach about arts.

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Week 7: 16/11/2018 (Educational Emphasis)

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Week 7: 16/11/2018 (Educational Emphasis)

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for this week, Madam Fitriah has taught us about educational emphasis where the elements that teachers nowadays left behind.
In teaching educational emphasis it gave the view to the teachers need to give attention.

teacher should not  teach the subject content only but need also deliver different knowledge education.  For examples moral values

teacher can held the lesson outside of the  classroom where student can have a new environments

teacher need gave the knowledge and experience that could be useful to the student after ending their school process

teacher need must do the lesson and activities that could enhance  student thinking skills

teacher can teach them how to learn to give the instruction, find the information. this can help them to be more independent person

So then, this elements could help student to survive and well prepared before they enter to life of Collage and work environments.

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(Replacement  Class)
Educational Emphasis

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Week 10 : Friday 23/11/2018 (First Week of Micro-teaching)

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Week 10 : Friday 23/11/2018 (First Week of Micro-teaching)

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today was start the five (5) pairs of Micro-teaching.

Aswad & Dany

Fatin Adira & Lesley
Friends Relationships
teacher adira and teacher Lesley have taught  us about friendship.  They  ask us to being in a group with six member and find a pair. they create an activities and have a question and answer. the teaching aids that they use is so interesting  where they create the song and  ask us to sing along.  we are having fun on their teaching.

Aiman & Hadi

Anis & Nur

Qal & Man

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Week 8 : Tuesday 30/10/2018 (Group Discussion Course Design)

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Week 8 : Tuesday 30/10/2018 (Group Discussion Course Design)

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Today our teaching and learning need to postpone for another day because of the technical problems to PC and LCD.  However the class still start as usual.  Our task for today is to have evaluation from Madam Fitriah for our first draft proposal.

Name of project: Purnama Bulan Camp

Participant: Unwanted child (30 participants)

Objectives:
1. To improve self confidence among participants.

2. To determine life goals among participants.

3. To develop soft skills among participants.

Content:
We decide to held the program in three(3) days and two(2) nights.
Day 1 :  Friday  7th December 2018

Day 2 : Saturday  8th December 2018
Day 3: Sunday 9th December 2018

Method:
Main method (outdoor education)

- Outdoor activities

- Sharing session

- Motivational talk

- LDK

Approaches: cooperation

: group work

: collaboration

Emphasis on (objectives): bonding each participant

: fun

: improve self confidence

: develop soft skills

: feeling inspired

Observation: build a rapport with participant
Student Centered

- Teacher as guidance of participants

- Encourage participants

Evaluation:
1. Types and number of evaluation

Questionnaire

Interview

Exit survey

2. Evaluation programme
-Give questionnaire to the 30 participants

-Interviewed 5 of 30 participants about their experiences & feeling

-Give the exit survey at the end of the programme to identify whether the objectives of the programme are achieved or not

Opem (objektif pembelajaran)