# data[].attributes.body
Congress advises the executive branch, yet localism yields fragmentation among representatives and produces inconsistent legislations.

1. bargaining between committees = vague and inconsistent legislations

2. divided geographical localities — “localism weakens sensitivity to national needs and interests”

3. changing congressional majorities creates  political “seasons”

4. must appeal to public about short-term and front-page ecological disasters — “crisis mentality”

A. must adhere to public’s opinion for re-election — no radicalism

5. legislators have no science background

# data[].attributes.body
Summary
Federal judges contribute to environmental policy through interpreting environmental law and ensuring that agencies follow responsibilities.  The Supreme Court can also induce changes in environmental policies if there is resistance to their implementation (or suing).

5 Major Issues
- State officials disagreeing with executive orders
-Parties using the court as a method of stalling
-Interest groups or business can have a political advantage based on court opportunities
-Power of the president over the court's political position through appointing judges
-Limits on judges' understanding/prioritization of science

# data[].attributes.headline
The Bureaucracy: Power through Implementation

# data[].attributes.subject
The Bureaucracy: Power through Implementation

# data[].attributes.body
The authority delegated to a given institution determines its power. Bureaucratic bodies include the EPA & Department of the Interior. Bureaucratic institutions affect the actual implementation of legislation passed by Congress.
The creation of and delegation of leadership is carried forth by the president, but funding is carried forth by congress. Responsibilities of implementation are then delegated to state government

Most Important Issues Relating to the Environment:
- continually growing regulatory responsibility combined with
- congressional distrust, disruptive oversight (EPA has to comply with heavy regulations),
- and tiny budget lead to a poorly functioning EPA
- the effectiveness of the EPA fluctuates greatly depending on how the current administration
- delegated responsibilities to state government lead to varied implementation
- if the agenda of the president conflicts with the agenda of congress, then

# data[].attributes.body
The President can propose and veto legislation, designate leadership of federal departments and courts, and pose as a figurehead for international and public affairs. The Executive Branch advises the president, writes the legislation for him, and writes the legislation that will be proposed to Congress.

Five Important Issues

1. The President can ignore the Advisors
2. Appointed officials can be unqualified
3. Political agenda can be influenced by the crisis
4. Executive Orders can waste time (if they are bad)
5. tHe PrEsIdEnT cAn SeRvE uP t0 tWo TeRmZzZ 🅱️