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AP Human Geography Book by Rubenstein

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2000/oct/01/jasonburke.theobserver

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There have been long-standing conflicts between the two major ethnic groups of Rwanda (Hutus and Tutsis). The two ethnicities speak the same language and have similar beliefs. Before Rwanda was an independent state, they were ruled by Europeans that thought Tutsis were superior to the Hutus. These fake beliefs have caused the two ethnic groups to engage in large-scale ethnic cleansing and genocide. The Hutus are settled farmers and the Tutsis are cattle herders. The majority of the population are Hutus, but after Belgium stopped ruling Rwanda, the Belgians transferred their power to the Tutsis. The mass killings of Hutus and Tutsis began when the president of Rwanda was killed after his plane was shot own. Genocide in Rwanda began in 1994, but there have been accounts of ethnic cleansing against each other since 1962. Hutus murdered hundreds of thousands of Tutsis in a few months. The United States and United Nations tried to stop it by sending workers there, but once it started to get out of control, they withdrew everyone and didn't help rescue any Rwandans. Not helping settle the conflict is something that shouldn't be done in this case of genocide. Rwanda and its surrounding regions are too unstable, and without the help of the United Nations and other countries, millions of Hutus and Tutsis were killed or displaced to other countries. This conflict cannot be resolved because much damage has already been done in the Rwandan genocide. However, if other countries are willing to offer aid and help secure peace in the area, then we can prevent future conflicts between the Hutus and Tutsis.

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Somalia is overwhelmingly Sunni Muslims, and nearly everyone speaks Somali. Somalia's population is divided among several ethnic groups known as clans that are divided into subclans. After the dictatorship in Somalia collapsed in 1991, different clans and subclans claimed control over parts of the country. In the northeast, the Puntland Clan has declared itself as an independent state. Somaliland is in the north, Galmudug in the center, and SW Somalia in the south. However, clans have fought against each other over boundaries and food. The United States had to send thousands of troops to Somalia in 1992 to prevent more people from dying from famine and warfare. The peace treaty collapsed in 1994, and the U.S. withdrew. Between 2004 and 2006, Islamist military took control of much of Somali and surrounding countries got involved. The United States opposed the Islamists and air-striked the area in 2007. The conflicts of Somalia has involved other superpowers like the United States and many surrounding African countries that are also unstable. Lots of Somalis have to flee to other countries as refugees. I don't think other countries should try to fully involve themselves in the conflict, because it hasn't work so far and could cause more instability.

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The UK is a state because they have many different ethnicities and they aren't one group of the same ethnicity. The UK is falling behind educationally and economically as a whole, They are self-segregating into ethnic enclaves and becoming increasingly prone to violence, rioting and substance abuse. Therefore they are not going to succeed at being a state. The United Kingdom is the most recent of a number of sovereign states that have been established in Great Britain at different periods in history, in different combinations and under a variety of Polities.