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Northwest Coastal Native American Tribes Azia Kufuna

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Northwest Coastal Native American Tribes Azia Kufuna

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*Websites & Resources:
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Northwest-Coast-Indian

http://firstpeoplesofcanada.com/fp_groups/fp_nwc1.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Pacific_Northwest_Coast

http://www.indians.org/articles/northwest-coast-indians.html

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Northwest Coastal Native American Tribes Azia Kufuna

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Northwest Coastal Native American Tribes Azia Kufuna

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*Other Fun Facts:
-Culture, customs, beliefs, history passed down stories, songs, dances
-Stories were passed down to subsequent generations
-Believed they were surrounded by supernatural beings interfering with the natural world
-Spirits connected to all living things
-Link spirit world and natural world Shamans or Medicine Men
-Shaman's cure the sick, adequate food, weather.
-Shamans wore bearskin robes, aprons, rattles, skin drums, charms, necklaces, masks
-Shamans used their rattles to summon up powers from the spirit world went into a trance communicating with spirits asking them to cure the ill person
-Potlatch big celebration
-Ceremony a person's change in social status, marriage, birth, death, age feast, singing, costumed dancers lasted as long as two to three weeks.
-Potlatches families show off wealth to others
-Winter Dances performance masked dancers illusion of death direct contact with supernatural powers.
-Chief call people to attend a potlatch to celebrate a birth, or marriage, or to mark the finishing of a new house
-Baskets for storage and trade.
-Hats protection from the rain.
-Woodworking carving an art form passed down from generation to generation.
-Made totem poles, canoes, bentwood boxes, sculptures, masks.
-Totem poles large carved poles used to display the clan crest and social status of a family. Poles carved out of cedar trees many up to 15 meters Animal and human forms carved representing the family crest
Painted black, red, blue, and sometimes white and yellow Bird on top showed the house of the Chief.
-Canoes art of carving canoes was passed down from father to son
-Bentwood Boxes single cedar plank steamed bent three corners pegged together used to serve and store food
-Masks important part of all ceremonies
-Masks in copper was a sign of wealth
-Women weaving, clothing, mats, bed sheets used softened cedar bark strips or cattails, colored grasses to add color collected in summer then dried

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Northwest Coastal Native American Tribes Azia Kufuna

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Northwest Coastal Native American Tribes Azia Kufuna

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*Tools:
-Sledgehammers splitting wood made of stone
-Hunting bows, arrows, snares, dead falls, harpoons
-Fishing nets, underwater traps, bone, wood hooks, harpoons, fish lines made out of cedar

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Northwest Coastal Native American Tribes Azia Kufuna

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Northwest Coastal Native American Tribes Azia Kufuna

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*Clothes:
-The boys didn't wear clothes.
-Wore very little clothing.
-Warm months men would often go naked
-Women would only wear bark skirts.
-The women made most of the clothing out of softened cedar wood or bark, animal leather, and wool.
-It rained a lot clothing was more important for blocking the rain.
-Bark capes and spruce hats as protection against the rain.
-Built on personal wealth and social status wore clothes that followed the class system.
-Rich people wearing fancier clothes and jewelry.
-Chiefs the highest ranking wore a chilkat blanket, dance apron, leggings and mocassins.
-Chilkat Blankets well known Northwest Coast.
-The colorful blankets special occasions woven from goat wool, cedar bark, and then painted.

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Northwest Coastal Native American Tribes Azia Kufuna

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Northwest Coastal Native American Tribes Azia Kufuna

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*Food:
-Hunter-gatherers: hunting, fishing, and gathering plants. Corn, Berries, Squash, Beans, Fish, Deer, Rabbits, Sea Animals, Fruits, Black-tailed deer
Elk , Mountain goat , Bear
-Plenty of food available to them, they never needed to develop a system of agriculture to sustain their people.
-Skilled Fisherman
-Pacific Ocean main source of food.
-Pacific Salmon the most important food resource of the people.
-Travel up the rivers making them easy to catch with nets, harpoons, and traps.
-Catch thousands of fish in a small area- more than enough to feed a family for a year.
-Other fish: Halibut, Smelt, Crab, Seaweed , Whales, Clams, Oysters, Mussels
-Other animals: sea otters, seals, turtles
*Oils:
-Used a lot of fish oil to add flavor the food.
Oil from whales, seals, and eulachon, a type of smelt.
-Eulachon was full of oil the women had a special way of squeezing all of the oil out of the fish.
-The oil was valued trade good pressed oil was saved for trading.
-Meats and vegetables were baked, steamed, or boiled without the use of pots or pans.
-Heated rocks in the fire then put the hot rocks into a cedar box or basket full of water, which would boil the water and cook the food.
-The women prepared fish in two ways some fish was eaten fresh most of it was dried and saved for the winter months.

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Northwest Coastal Native American Tribes Azia Kufuna

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Northwest Coastal Native American Tribes Azia Kufuna

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*Shelter:
-First Peoples lived in a narrow section of coastal land stretching from Washington State to Northern B.C., and into Alaska.
-Temperatures moderate
-People fish all year.
-Rugged coastline, wide narrow beaches, mountains,
spruce, cedar, fir forests, inland, rivers, lakes
-All the people lived near the water Pacific Ocean, inland river, lake
-Relied on water for their survival
-Cedar trees to make everything from their houses and canoes, to their blankets and clothing.
-Used cedar trees to make many things like houses,
baskets, boxes, blankets, canoes, masks
-Live sedentary lives in permanent settlements
-Longhouses or 'Big houses made out of cedar
50-150 feet long and 20-60 feet wide housed several families
-The huge red cedars could make large houses
-They cut the trees with stone axes
-Floated them to their villages
-Frame was built out of cedar logs
-Cedar planks were attached to the logs
-Overlap the planks to keep the rain out.
-Wooden pegs as nails to hold the wood together
-Houses huge rectangles lots of posts hold the roof
-No windows in the longhouses
-Only a hole in the roof to let smoke from the fires out
-One single front door to keep the heat in
-Low roofs easier to heat in the winter
-Simple furniture
-Houses were always grouped together forming small villages
-Villages 1,000 people only 30 houses