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Rabies are commonly found in skunks, raccoons, coyotes, and foxes. The most common reservoirs are bats. Transmission of the virus occurs through the exchange of bodily fluids. The rabies virus travels from the site of transmission to the brain via nerves. During this time, no symptoms appear and it is known as the incubation period. The disease can not be spread during this period because it has not yet reached the saliva. Once the disease reaches the brain, it reproduces and causes inflammation. It then gains access to the salivary glands. This is when symptoms are first revealed.
https://www.cdc.gov/rabies/transmission/body.html
https://www.cdc.gov/rabies/transmission/exposure.html

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1 to 3 rabies cases are reported annually in the United States; however, about 59,000 people die every year world-wide. Every year, about 40,000 people receive post-exposure prophylaxis shots in the US.
https://www.cdc.gov/rabies/location/usa/surveillance/human_rabies.html
https://www.cdc.gov/features/rabies/

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After exposure, the first step to care for the wound is to gently irrigate it with water or a dilute water povidine-iodine solution. If the patient has not been immunized, then the next step is to administer RIG to the wound. After that, 1 mL of HDCV OR PECV should be immediately administered to the IM (deltoid area). For an non-immunized patient, that vaccine should be administered on days 0, 3, 7, 14, and (if need be) 28. For immunized patients, the shot only needs to be given on days 0 and 3. If the patient has received rabies treatment before, then he/she should receive two IM doses (one of each vaccine) on days 0 and 3. RIG is unnecessary in this case because the body has already been exposed and does not need the pre-booster antibody titer and the anamnestic response will occur naturally.
https://www.cdc.gov/rabies/medical_care/index.html

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Reports of rabies have been found in ancient Egyptian writings dating back to 2300 B.C. In more recent cases, New Jersey had a large rabies problem in dogs in 1939. In that year alone, 675 dogs and four humans died of rabies. Since then, preventative vaccines have been frequently used in most canines.
https://www.nj.gov/health/cd/rabies/documents/rabies_background.pdf

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"Rabies virus belongs to the order Mononegavirales, viruses with a nonsegmented, negative-stranded RNA genomes."

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"Rabies virus belongs to the order Mononegavirales, viruses with a nonsegmented, negative-stranded RNA genomes."

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https://www.cdc.gov/rabies/transmission/virus.html

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Photo from alamy: http://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-conceptual-image-of-rabies-virus-64844698.html

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1) Bullet Shaped
2) RNA genome
3) Bilayer membrane
a) Envelope (membrane)
b) Matrix Protein capsid
4) Encodes five proteins
5 )Glycoprotein surround the membrane

source: https://www.cdc.gov/rabies/transmission/virus.html

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Created by Tatiana Gallero and Katie Traynor

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Created by Tatiana Gallero and Katie Traynor