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Speech/Language:
Speech is a sound/tone approach while language is words or writing. Combined it is spoken language.

Severe Multiple Disabilities:
A child with severe multiple disabilities have to overcome a lot of different obstacles but their intelligence remains. It can be a cause of many different factors, like drug abuse or untreated disease/illness.

Sensory Disabilities: Hearing Loss:
If someone experiences decibels of noise over 90Db, then there is a great chance that their hearing will be loss. This can happen at any time in a person's life.

Vision Impairments:
Students can be born with a vision impairment but this does not affect their intelligence. These students benefit better from hands-on learning than anything else.

Physical Disabilities/other health
There are many different diagnoses that fall under this category, they include: orthopedic impairments, and different types of health disorders. All teachers should be equipped with the tools they need to understand their students disabilities and how to adjust to their needs while being their teacher.

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Speech/Language:
Speech and Language combined becomes spoken language. Speech is more of a sound/tone. Language is words, writing, and even body movements. An example of language is road signs. An example of speech are sounds that animals make like a barking of a dog or a meowing of a cat.
Severe Multiple Disabilities:
Severe Multiple Disabilities can be a cause of drug abuse, an accident, genetic disorder, or untreated disease/illness. The population that usually suffers is about 0.1%-1% making it very low. Students who are part of this category require special needs.
Sensory Disabilities: Hearing Loss
There are a variety of hearing impairments which can alter and affect ones life in many ways. Socially, hearing impairments can affect ones life because development is slow due to the lack of being able to hear and communicate. Sign language/lip reading can be an effective way to communicate with others as well as hearing aids/implants.
Vision Impairments:
Vision impairments can cause delays in intelligence/ academic achievements. Students could have been born without vision, lost theirs, or have restrictions to it. Hands on learning and good and very beneficial to students with vision impairments.
Physical Disability/other health
Orthopedic impairments, health disorders, and other health impairments fall along this category. These disabilities can be a cause of pre-birth, genetics, or being out in the environment and world. An example of a physical disability is epilepsy which causes seizures. Teachers should understand a students disability well to fully be able to teach them to the best of their needs.

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Lauren Hall-       There are multiple reasons why someone develops a language disorder. Neurological damage, a lack of learning opportunities, and brain injuries are a few causes. There are also multiple reasons why someone developed a speech disorder. Malocclusion, occlusion and a cleft palate are a few reasons why people develop speech disorders. When intervention occurs, both of these disorder types can be treated. There are many Speech and Language disorders, a few main disorders include expressive language disorders, receptive language disorders, mixed receptive and expressive language disorders, and aphasia. Someone who has an expressive language disorder has difficulty communicating through speech and other forms of communication. Someone who has a receptive language disorder has difficulty understanding what others are saying. Someone who has a mixed receptive and expressive language disorder has trouble understanding and processing what others are saying. Someone who experiences trauma to their head may develop aphasia. Aphasia is a language disorder that makes it difficult for someone to communicate. They often struggle with expressing how they feel and understanding what others may feel. Child onset fluency disorder, pragmatic communication disorder, and voice and resonance disorders, are a few other common disorders. In the slides four many types of low incidence disabilities were listed. One type is sensory disabilities. A person who has a sensory disability experiences hearing loss. This type of hearing loss could be caused by someone's heredity, prenatal disease, postnatal disease, or environmental factors. The second type of disability is sensory disabilities. This includes hearing loss, vision or both. Their vision loss could range from total blindness to partial blindness. This type of disorder can be caused by genetics such as retinoblastoma or someone can acquire this disorder such as trachoma. The third type of disability is physical disabilities. An example of a physical disability is cerebral palsy.   

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Lauren Hall-       There are multiple reasons why someone develops a language disorder. Neurological damage, a lack of learning opportunities, and brain injuries are a few causes. There are also multiple reasons why someone developed a speech disorder. Malocclusion, occlusion and a cleft palate are a few reasons why people develop speech disorders. When intervention occurs, both of these disorder types can be treated. There are many Speech and Language disorders, a few main disorders include expressive language disorders, receptive language disorders, mixed receptive and expressive language disorders, and aphasia. Someone who has an expressive language disorder has difficulty communicating through speech and other forms of communication. Someone who has a receptive language disorder has difficulty understanding what others are saying. Someone who has a mixed receptive and expressive language disorder has trouble understanding and processing what others are saying. Someone who experiences trauma to their head may develop aphasia. Aphasia is a language disorder that makes it difficult for someone to communicate. They often struggle with expressing how they feel and understanding what others may feel. Child onset fluency disorder, pragmatic communication disorder, and voice and resonance disorders, are a few other common disorders. In the slides four many types of low incidence disabilities were listed. One type is sensory disabilities. A person who has a sensory disability experiences hearing loss. This type of hearing loss could be caused by someone's heredity, prenatal disease, postnatal disease, or environmental factors. The second type of disability is sensory disabilities. This includes hearing loss, vision or both. Their vision loss could range from total blindness to partial blindness. This type of disorder can be caused by genetics such as retinoblastoma or someone can acquire this disorder such as trachoma. The third type of disability is physical disabilities. An example of a physical disability is cerebral palsy.   

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SPEECH AND LANGUAGE

The difference between speech and language is that speech is a physical production of sound that forms words whereas language is the symbolic rule based system that gives meaning. When speech and language are overlapped and come together that creates spoken language. Language has many different forms like phonology, morphology, syntax, and grammar. How language is understood is semantics and how language is used in social situations is pragmatics.

SEVERE AND MULTIPLE DISABILITIES

People with severe disabilities are the ones who are most likely going to be excluded and segregated from society and learning environments. And they usually cannot advocate for their own behalf. Multiple disabilities are impairments that are combined together which cause severe educational needs. One example of multiple disabilities is deaf-blindness and the student has severe communication and developmental needs that aren't met in the special ed programs. Severe and multiple disabilities is very low amongst the general population with only 0.1-1% being severely disabled or having multiple disabilities. Severe disabilities can result from genetic prenatal conditions, and or incidents or accidents.

SENSORY DISABILITIES: HEARING LOSS

There is Audition the act or sense of hearing, deafness hearing loss greater than 90Db, and hard of hearing which is a deficient sense of hearing that is somewhat functional. Someone can lose their hearing before the age of two or after they've learned to talk. A person's intelligence will stay the same but their speech and language skill, education achievement, and social development will be affected. Hearing loss can be passed down through heredity, prenatal disease, postnatal disease, environmental factors. People with hearing loss can get support like cochlear implants or ear aids.

SENSORY DISABILITIES: VISION LOSS

There are a couple of variations to vision loss: never have experienced sight, normal vision and then vision loss, gradual or sudden loss of vision, restricted vision loss. Vision loss is considered low incidence because few people are diagnosed with this. There is legal blindness and partially sighted people. There are refractive eye problems which deal with light. Also there are muscle disorders where eye muscles are weakened. The intelligence differs in kids with sight loss. Speech and language may be restricted and academic achievement may be delayed. Vision loss is fairly common, 20 % of Americans have some kind of vision loss, and 1 in 3,000 kids are legally blind. Vision loss can come from genetic or acquired disorders.

PHYSICAL DISABILITIES AND OTHER HEALTH DISORDERS

There is orthopedic impairment, other health impaired, and health disorders. There is Cerebral Palsy - there is no cure but it can be managed. There is Spina Bifida which is a malformation on the spinal cord there can be interventions for this. Next is the spinal cord injury. And there's Asthma which can have interventions. Then there's epilepsy which has tonic/clonic (grand mal) and absence (petit mal) seizures and there can be interventions for this. Next is diabetes which has two types: type 1 - juvenile onset and type 2 - adult onset, and there can be interventions for this. There's sickle cell disease and interventions can help this. Then there is traumatic brain injury which can have interventions depending on what happened. Lastly there is attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder which can have interventions

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Speech and Language:
Both speech and language provide a strong foundation for other areas of learning, such as reaching and writing essentially enabling access to the whole educational system. Thus, supporting communication skills and the promotion of social skills and forming friendships.

Severe Multiple Disabilities:
"More than one disability" in which children with multiple disabilities have two or more disabling conditions that affect learning or other important functions. Sometimes, students with multiple disabilities have very severe limitations in their ability to walk, talk, and otherwise engage with peers. And may also have severe cognitive challenges, in which they are typically taught by highly trained teachers using a range of specialized tools, one example being (augmentative communication,  simple picture cards, or keyboards with specialized interfaces to support users with fine motor skills.)

Vision Impairments:
Students with visual impairments may need seating accommodations to help them see you or whiteboards/ blackboards, overhead  displays, or the use of eye glasses. Some strategies teachers may take on would be large printed handout materials or audio books for reading. However, for most students with visual impairments, the use of technology to facilitate reading has been seen as a fundamental tool, making it easier to complete homework assignments and more efficient over all than the use of papers and handouts.

Physical Disabilities and Other Health Disorders:
This can also be referred to as "orthopedic impairments" which essentially affects a child's educational performance. This term including common disabilities such as Cerebral Palsy, Muscular Dystrophy, Spina Bifida, and more. And as you may know some disabilities may be more severe than others and individuals with these disabilities have unique reactions to life and simple events. It is important to determine the actual intellectual ability of the student outside of just their physical needs. In remembering the basis within IDEA, the educational development of the student is being hindered by the disability or impairment.

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SPEECH AND LANGUAGE
Both speech and language combine to become "spoken language". Language is when someone is speaking, writing, or even in your body language. Speech is more of a sound or the tone we speak in.
SEVERE MULTIPLE DISABILITIES
Students with these disabilities are affected the most if they are not regularly around society and other people. This is important because people with these disabilities are least likely to be able to advocate their opinions or needs on their behalf.
HEARING IMPAIRMENT
Hearing loss really affects ones way of life because it can completely change your speech and language. You no longer can communicate by listening but you have to learn sign language or to read lips. It also can have a big impact on peoples social lives since it is harder for them to communicate at times.
VISION IMPAIRMENT
There are three different types of vision loss. Refractive eye problems is failure to focus light rays properly on retina. Muscle disorders is when one or more major muscles in the eye is weakened. Receptive eye problems is damage to the optic nerve or the retina.
PHYSICAL DISABILITIES AND OTHER HEALTH DISORDERS
Students who have a physical disability or any other health disorder can normally seed medical professional help to help with their problems. They cant always be cured but with a visit to the doctor they can normally be maintained or made a little bit better.

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Speech and Language
Both speech and language can be possible without the other, but the two combined are Spoken Language. Examples of Language could be road signs, or something that has writing on it that conveys a language without actually speaking. An example of Speech could be a cat meowing.

Sever Multiple Disabilities
Society or service systems have categorized individuals that struggle with Sever Multiple Disabilities as people who are the most challenging to help. These are people that deal with various combinations of disabilities such as blindness, orthopedic impairments, etc, excluding deaf-blindness. Having these multiple disabilities makes it unaccommodating in special needs programs in school.

Hearing Impairments
Hearing loss doesn't affect any intellectual function, but that still doesn't change their progress through school. It can be severely delayed because of the affect it has on speech and language skills. Their social development can also slow because of the affects too.

Vision Impairments
There can be such a wide range of vision loss in individuals. For minor cases, usually the loss can be corrected with glasses, but for severe cases, individuals might gradually start to lose more and more sight. There are some that suddenly lose their vision completely. In students, social skills and development can be greatly altered from vision impairments as well as intellectual differentiations compared to sighted classmates.

Physical Disabilities and Other Health Disorders
Students that are experiencing these disabilities and disorders require different types of medical services. Some require more attention that others, but they're all going to affect students, whether that be physically, intellectually, or socially.

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Speech and Language
Speech and language combined makes up the Spoken Language. This was explained as language being possible without speech, and speech being possible without language. An example would be an animal making a noise to exhibit speech without language. Language without speech can be interpreted as an object with writing on it to express a language without using speech.

Severe Multiple Disabilities
Students with severe and multiple disabilities still remain intelligent but have to overcome more than a student without. The risk for a students to experience sever and multiple disabilities is very low, ranging from a .1-1% chance. These students experience struggles such as disrupted learning, which may result in alternative assessments and teaching instruction.

Hearing Impairments
There is a large variety of hearing impairments. Different technology is used to help these students such as non-verbal instruction. These students may require physical assistance to aid in there learning such as hearing aids or implants. These students also experience a different social aspect of life in comparison to a students without a hearing impairments. This is because the lack of auditory communication can limit there social interactions.

Vision Impairments
These students also can experience a wide range of impairments. This impairment can cause a delay in intelligence, and other factors. These factors can include the social aspect of their impairment, making it hard to make personal connections with others.

Physical Disabilities and Other Health Disorders
These students can experience medical services for their needs. Their are a lot of factors that go into these disorders. Their is a wide range of disorders that range from seizures to diseases. They also may require more attention.

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Speech and Language
- An combination of speech and language makes up "Spoken Language." In which Language and speech are possible without each other but together they creates something powerful which forms spoken language. For example you do not need to speech in order to understand Language as a whole because things can be written about.
Disorders
Severe Multiple Disabilities
- Working with Severe Multiple Disabilities don't include Deaf-Blindness in which it can be causes of drug abuse, infections and accidents and neglect and don't follow the rules to take care of this disease. Which could also be an genetic disorder coming from prenatal conditions.  Its an rare population of people that has this disease which is about 0.1-1 % of the population that has it.
Hearing Impairments
- There are many different types of hearing loss that you can have in which can affect the things around you that you need such as language skills and to eve achieve in the educational field and social field.
Vision Impairments
- Having Vision loss can cause problems in the academic achievements for students in multiple ways in which can hurt the students. When it comes to do activities in which you are only being helpful if they do hands on activities so they can feel the things around them since they cant physically see whats going on.
Physical Disabilities and other Health Disorders
With there being many physical disabilities and health disorder that may affect a student. You as a whole has to learn how to work and cope with each and every student to understand how they work and what best fits them .

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Speech and Language Disorders

The combination of speech and language makes up Spoken Language.  Language without speech are things like road signs and books.  Speech without language is the barking of a dog.  The two are independent but when they are combined they create spoken language.

The disorders that come with language can range from difficultly comprehending the words, producing sentences or understanding the rules of language.  These can result in an IDEA.

Vision Impairments

Vision impairments have a wide range.  A student can have a restricted field of vision, never experienced vision or the student could've lost their vision.

Vision impairment effects every aspect of the student's life.  Social development is hindered as well as coordination and development of important motor skills.  The motor skills that the child struggles with could lead to a delay in academic achievement.

Hearing Impairments

There is also a wide range for hearing impairments.  A child could be hard of hearing or deafness.  Hearing impairments can effect the student's emotional stability, family environment and the early stages of their education.

The are different oral, auditory and manual approaches that are took to try to teach communication skills

Physical Disabilities and Other Health Disorders

Epilepsy is a brain disorder that can cause different types of seizures.  These seizures can be managed by certain interventions, however a teacher must always be observing.  The seizures aren't going to go completely away.

There are many brain injuries and physical injuries that students have to manage.  Being aware of the degree of the child's disability will only make the child safer and the teacher more helpful in a life or death situation.

Severe and Multiple Disabilities

Students that experience multiple disabilities are more at risk for exclusion and constantly being in a segregated environment.

Allowing the child to be independent and make choices that they are capable of making will benefit them in the future. The teacher being able to give them work to challenge and encourage the child will help get them prepared to live a normal life and have a normal job.

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Speech and Language Disorders
Language and speech together make up "Spoken Language." There are stages to developing language, starting from crying and babbling as an infant to being able to correctly formulate all words and sounds by age eight.
Severe Multiple Disabilities
The term Severe Multiple Disabilities does not include Deaf-Blindness. Severe disabilities can be the cause of drug abuse, infections, poor maternal health, accidents, neglect and disease. Although the population suffering from severe disabilities is only between 0.1-1%, making it very low.
Hearing Impairments
There are many different kinds of hearing loss including prelingual loss, postlingual loss, conductive hearing loss, sensorineural hearing loss, and mixed hearing loss. There are also characteristics of hearing loss an how they affect things such as intelligence, speech and language skills, educational achievements, and social development.
Vision Impairments
Vision loss has the potential to impact and cause delays in intelligence, speech and language development, and academic achievements. Twenty percent of Americans deal with some form of vision impairment which can be caused from genetic disorders or acquired disorders.
Physical Disabilities and  Other Health Disorders
Idea lists general definitions of physical disabilities as Orthopedic Impairments, Other Heath Impaired, and Health disorders. Seizure disorders such as epilepsy have many forms of intervention to include drug management, stress management, surgery, and diet modification.

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Speech and Language Disorders

Spoken language is the combination of speech and language. Speech is possible without language, like an animal making a noise. Language is also possible without speech, like writing things and sign language.

Severe Multiple Disabilities

The amount of people with severe and multiple disabilities is very low, between 0.1-1% of the population. Severe disabilities can be caused by a variety of different things. They can be caused by genetic disorders, prenatal conditions, or accidents and incidents.

Hearing Impairments

Using assistive technology can be very beneficial for people with hearing loss. Using closed captions and telecommunication devices in the classroom can greatly help students.

Vision Impairments

Visual impairments greatly delay academic achievement for students for many reasons. Hands-on learning can be very beneficial for these students to transition concrete concepts to abstract concepts.

Physical Disabilities and Other Health Disorders

There are many different physical disabilities and health disorders that can affect a student, with each one affecting the child differently. You should get to know each student’s situation individually in order to best cater to what they need.

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Severe and Multiple Disabilities:
-multiple disabilities are impairments that are connected or correlated but it doesn't include deaf-blindness. Inclusivity includes placement of students into general education schools/classrooms, differentiation and alternative activities or assessments and teaching functional skills through opportunities for student interaction.
Hearing Impairments:
-There are several factors that go into the classification of hearing loss. Examples included intelligence, such as language ability, the person's speech and language skills, educational milestones or delays and social development since they can't hear much auditory information. Students who are deaf or hard of hearing can use communication skills or the use of assistive technology.
Vision impairments:
-there are are wides ranges of vision loss conditions and characteristics. Someone may have legal blindness, low vision, eye problems, muscle disorders or receptive eye problems. Interventions for those with vision impairments include giving lessons orally, using functional approaches, and tactile devices.
Physical disabilities and other health disorders:
orthopedic impairments are students with physical disabilities, other health impaired are students with health disorders. Health disorders are chronic or acute health problems that adversely affect education.
Speech and Language Disorders:
communication is extremely important but doesn't get much focus. There are two different types of language: expressive and receptive. Expressive is communicated a message to someone, and receptive is receiving and understanding a message sent to you. Parents play a major role in identifying a communication or language disorder

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1. There are many different types of speech and language disorders - it is crucial to understand your students exact circumstance so you can help them best succeed in the classroom.

2. Students with severe & multiple disabilities thrive, just like every student, to be placed in general education schools and classrooms, to have high expectations of them, to be provided with alternative assessments, have ample opportunity for interaction with other students, and to have specific instruction directed toward them by the teachers.

3. Students who have hearing impairments can really benefit from auditory approaches, oral approaches, manual approaches, and total communication.  Assistive technology such as closed captioning, computers, smartphones, tablets, and telecommunication devices can really benefit them as well.

4. Some interventions for students who are blind or have low vision are functional approaches, curriculum that includes mobility and oral expression, the use o tactile devices and communication systems, and access to health care and community services.

5. For physical disabilities and other health disorders it is extremely important to understand exactly what the student is going through and needs from you as an educator.  As a teacher it is your job to understand your students and learn as much about their needs as possible.

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-Students with vision impairments have a restricted oral vocabulary as well as limited social skills, both of which will affect their ability to make meaningful and lasting relationships.
-When students with Speech and Language disorders do not meet typical milestones, the parents play a huge role in identifying their child's need for further assistance. These disorders can be caused by brain abnormalities, neurological damage, or disrupted learning experiences.
-Students with hearing loss may require cochlear implants or hearing aids to assist them in the classroom. These students often have normal intelligence levels, but their English and language development areas are often the most severely affected by their difficulties.
-Students with physical disabilities and other health impairments may be affected by a wide range of diseases and issues. They may be behind in school or require time off due to surgeries, medical appointments, shunt complications, seizures, asthma attacks, and more. These students may require tutors or social services in order to do their best in the classroom.
- Students with severe and multiple disabilities need to develop self-advocacy and self-determination skills early on in life. These students may require alternative means of action, expression, and assessment in the classroom. It is essential that these students develop support systems outside of school to promote their social, emotional, physical, and academic success.

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1. Speech and Language Disorders
- The reluctancy to treat children with a speech disorder because it is expected to change as the child gets older. It's sort of that "They will grow out of it " mindset to me.

2. Vision Impairments
- The impact vision loss has on social development, as it will challenge a child's ability to make meaningful relationships. Also, the impact vision loss has on coordination which create obstacles for children to participate in many activities.

3. Hearing impairment
- The fact that hearing loss could be hereditary. There are also so many beneficial devices out there for people to use and implementing many visual aids in the classroom is a great help.

4. Physical disabilities & other health impairments
- The number of other health impairments that could impact learning and the many factors that could cause these impairments. Without a thorough health hx it is vey difficult to treat most of these such as brain injury.

5.Severe and Multiple Disabilities
-  The fact that students could have more than one disability that impacts their education and the challenges educators might face to meet children's academic needs. The deaf-blindness disability has to be challenging to accommodate in the general education classroom. It's interesting that IDEA will only accommodate if blindness and deafness are paired.

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1. Speech and language Disorders

Generally speech and language is a gradually learned skill. So even when it is evident that a child has a speech and language disorder, some might be reluctant to receive treatment because the child might develop further as they get older.
2. Severe and Multiple Disabilities

This case involves multiple disabilities and deaf-blindness (different things) that when put together impair a student’s ability to learn, and they cannot be accommodated in special education classrooms that are designed for only one of the impairments or disabilities.
3. Hearing Impairment

Having a hearing impairment will not directly affect someone’s cognitive abilities - they will still have the same learning abilities. However, they will struggle and take much longer to learn things because they are not able to hear what other students hear. They have to go through alternative methods that take much longer to reach the same point.
4. Vision Impairment

Vision loss can influence a person’s social life and functional abilities. Without the perception that sight provides, a person will not be able to have certain experiences that lead to friendships. They will also lack most of their coordination, making it difficult to be active.
5. Physical Disabilities and Other Health Disorders

There are many serious and dangerous (to the person with the diagnosis) health disorders that can come from prebirth causes and genetics, or am environmental or physical cause after birth.

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-Speech and Language Disorders are a huge category with lots of variance. It's important to know and understand the child's needs in regards to receiving and decoding.
-Students with hearing loss typically have normal intelligence level.
-Allow students with visual impairments to have multiple means of expressing knowledge.
-Foster a large support system for students with severe or multiple disabilities and encourage self-advocacy early.
-many other physical impairments or other health disorders can negatively impact education. Sometimes students may need additional medical or social services outside the classroom in order to succeed in the classroom.

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- Accommodations such as tactile activities and preferential seating can benefit students with a visual impairment
- Children with hearing loss may need more visual aides during a lesson
- Students with speech disorders may benefit from AAC in the classroom
- Students with multiple disabilities may need to have alternative assignments and assessments
- Students with other health impairments may require medical services in addition to educational accommodations