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A teahouse (mainly Asia) or tearoom (also tea room) is an establishment which primarily serves tea and other light refreshments. A tea room may be a room set aside in a hotel especially for serving afternoon tea, or may be an establishment which only serves cream teas. Although the function of a tearoom may vary according to the circumstance or country, teahouses often serve as centers of social interaction, like coffeehouses.

Some cultures have a variety of distinct tea-centered establishments of different types, depending on the national tea culture. For example, the British or American tearoom serves afternoon tea with a variety of small cakes.

In China, Japan and Nepal, a teahouse (茶館 cháguăn or 茶屋 cháwū; Standard Nepali: चिया घर) is traditionally a place which offers tea to its customers. People gather at teahouses to chat, socialize and enjoy tea, and young people often meet at teahouses for dates. The Guangdong (Cantonese) style teahouse is particularly famous outside of China especially in Nepal's Himalayas. These teahouses, called chálou (茶樓) serve dim sum (點心), and these small plates of food are enjoyed alongside tea.

Before tea was used as a social drink, Buddhist monks drank tea as an aid to their meditation.

During the Chinese adaptation of Buddhism between 200 C.E. and 850 C.E., tea was introduced as a medicinal herb. It was then evolved to assist Buddhist monks in their meditation by providing the energy needed to stay awake (likely via the effects of caffeine as a stimulant on the brain). Soon thereafter, tea popularized as a commonplace beverage (replacing the previously consumed milk- and water-based beverages) as Chinese teahouses provided a new kind of social life for the Chinese during the 8th-9th centuries C.E.

In Japanese tradition, a teahouse ordinarily refers to a private structure designed for holding Japanese tea ceremonies. This structure and specifically the room in it where the tea ceremony takes place is called chashitsu (茶室, literally "tea room"). The architectural space called chashitsu was created for aesthetic and intellectual fulfillment.

In Japan during the Edo period, the term "teahouse" could also refer to a place of entertainment with geisha or as a place where couples seeking privacy could go. In this case the establishment was referred to as an , which literally meant "tea house". However, these establishments only served tea incidentally, and were instead dedicated to geisha entertainment or to providing discreet rooms for visitors. This usage is now archaic. Contemporary Japanese go to modern tearooms called kissaten on main streets to drink black or green tea as well as coffee.

In Myanmar (Burma), teahouses known as laphetyay saing (လက်ဖက်ရည်ဆိုင်) and formerly known as kaka saing (ကာကာဆိုင်), are a staple of urban centers throughout the country. These teahouses, which first emerged during the British colonial era, serve milk tea and a variety of delicacies ranging from native dishes like mohinga to Indian fritters (e.g., paratha, poori, etc.) or Chinese pastries (e.g., baozi, youtiao, etc.). Tea shops have traditionally served as venues akin to conversational salons.

In Central Asia the term teahouse could refer to Shayhana in Kazakh, Chaykhana in Kyrgyz and Choyxona in Uzbek, which literally means a tea room. In Tajikistan, the largest teahouses are the Orient Teahouse, Chinese Teahouse, and Orom Teahouse in the city of Isfara. On the 15th anniversary of the independence of Tajikistan, the people of Isfara presented the Isfara Teahouse to the city of Kulyab for its 2700th anniversary on September 2006.[citation needed ] Teahouses are present in other parts of Central Asia, notably in Iran and also Turkey. Such teahouses may be referred to, in Persian, as Chay-Khaneh, or in Turkish, çayhane -literally, the "house of tea". These teahouses usually serve several beverages in addition to tea.

In Arab countries such as Egypt, establishments that serve tea, coffee and herbal teas like karkade are referred to as ahwa or maqha ( Arabic: مقهى‎) and are more commonly translated into English as coffeehouse.

In Pakistan, the prominent Pak Tea House is an intellectual tea- café located in Lahore known as the hub of Progressive Writers' Movement.

Tea drinking is a pastime closely associated with the English. A female manager of London's Aerated Bread Company is credited with creating the bakery's first public tearoom,[when? ] which became a thriving chain. Tea rooms were part of the growing opportunities for women in the Victorian era.

In the UK today, a tea room is a small room or restaurant where beverages and light meals are served, often having a sedate or subdued atmosphere. The food served can range from a cream tea (also known as Devonshire tea), i.e. a scone with jam and clotted cream; to an elaborate afternoon tea featuring tea sandwiches and small cakes; to a high tea, a savoury meal. In Scotland teas are usually served with a variety of scones, pancakes, crumpets and other cakes. There is a long tradition of tea rooms within London hotels, for example, at Brown's Hotel at 33 Albemarle Street, which has been serving tea in its tea room for over 170 years. Part of the charm of the occasion is an attractive tea set, often decorated china.

In a related usage, a tea room may be a room set aside in a workplace for relaxation and eating during tea breaks. Traditionally this was served by a tea lady, not to be confused with a dinner lady.

Commonwealth

Tea rooms are popular in Commonwealth countries, particularly Canada, with its harsh winters when afternoon tea is popular. The menu will generally have similar foods to the UK, but with the addition sometimes of butter tarts or other small desserts like nanaimo bars or pets de sœurs. Tea is commonly consumed in other Commonwealth countries alone or in the British fashion.

In France, a tea room is called Salon de thé, and pastries and cakes are also served. It seems that having a separate teahouse was a tradition in many countries in Europe.[citation needed ]

In the Czech Republic, the tea room culture has been spreading since the Velvet Revolution 1989 and today, there are nearly 400 tea rooms (čajovny) in the country (more than 50 just in Prague), which is according to some sources the largest concentration of tea rooms per capita in Europe.

In Kosovo there are teahouses known as "çajtore".

The popularity of the tea room rose as an alternative to the pub in the UK and US during the temperance movement in the 1830s. The form developed in the late nineteenth century, as Catherine Cranston opened the first of what became a chain of Miss Cranston's Tea Rooms in Glasgow, Scotland, and similar establishments became popular throughout Scotland. In the 1880s, fine hotels in both the United States and England began to offer tea service in tea rooms and tea courts, and by 1910 they had begun to host afternoon tea dances as dance crazes swept both the U.S. and the UK. Tea rooms of all kinds were widespread in Britain by the 1950s, but in the following decades cafés became more fashionable, and tea rooms became less common.

The term "tea shop" may also refer to a retail shop selling dry tea to take home. Dry tea (first, as loose leaves, and then in teabags) used to be sold at grocers' shops, and now mainly at supermarkets. One of the oldest shops that still specialises in selling tea for consumption at home is Twinings, which has been operating from the same premises in central London since it opened in 1706.

In the workplace, the term tea room ("break room" in North America) is a room set aside for employees to relax; specifically, to take refreshment during work breaks. Traditionally, a staff member serving hot drinks and snacks at a factory or office was called a tea lady, although this position is now almost defunct.

Tea is a prominent feature of British culture and society. For centuries, Britain has been one of the world's greatest tea consumers, and now consumes an average per capita of 1.9 kg (4.18 lbs) per year.

Cha chaan teng, Hong Kong eating establishments (literally "tea restaurant")

Coffeehouse

Dabang (Korea), the Korean word for such establishments

Nakamal, a traditional meeting place in Vanuatu, where kava is drunk

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A teahouse (mainly Asia) or tearoom (also tea room) is an establishment which primarily serves tea and other light refreshments. A tea room may be a room set aside in a hotel especially for serving afternoon tea, or may be an establishment which only serves cream teas.

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This summer, just as I was trying to understand why a place without an afternoon tea service would be called a "tea room," I discovered the answer inside this treasure: Jan Whitaker's Tea at the Blue Lantern Inn, A Social History of the Tea Room Craze in America (copyright 2002).

I can now explain how "tea room" became a bit of a misnomer in American culture, but more importantly, get this: the independent American tea room gave women entrée into the restaurant industry, both as proprietresses and patronesses. Pretty great, right?

You see, as Ms. Whitaker explains, "The restaurant business was closely associated in many people's minds with catering to appetites of all kinds, including sexual appetites. For a woman to enter this business at the turn of the century, even as an unescorted patron, was a risk to her reputation... Women's exclusion from many public dining rooms in the 1900s and 1910s was undoubtedly a factor in their attraction to female-friendly tea rooms. Most women were reluctant to challenge the widespread rule in hotels and fine dining rooms that unescorted women would not be served."

Yikes. We owe a debt of gratitude to the women who changed those social mores!

Here's how they did it: they seized the opportunities presented by 1. high society's love of afternoon tea, 2. the burgeoning motorist population and growing road infrastructure, and 3. the national prohibition of alcohol.

As afternoon tea was coming into fashion in the U.S. around the turn of the 19th century, independent urban tea rooms competed with the palm courts and tea salons of hotels and department stores, catering to the upper classes.

"Hotel tea rooms were managed by men for the most part, but the small independent tea rooms that began in the 1910s were usually owned, operated and fully staffed by women, often times middle-class women... Because men would not work under the command of a woman, the owners had little choice but to hire all-women staffs - quite a novelty."

When the city-dwelling elite classes repaired to their summer homes and resorts, some city tea rooms would relocate to the country for the summer season. Likewise, rural roadside tea rooms, often located within driving distance of a big city, began springing up to cater to recreational driving parties.

"During the 1920s, at the height of the tea room craze, these little businesses were virtually synonymous with female self-expression." Whether her tea room was a dining room set up in her own home, an outbuilding connected to a gas station, or a free-standing establishment, female proprietresses took advantage of their captive audience by using the dining area to showcase wares for sale, such as handmade items like textiles and jewelry or antique furniture and dishes.

Tea rooms became increasingly popular as they developed a reputation for simply-prepared, home-cooked fare with fresh ingredients. Then in 1920, when the temperance movement culminated in prohibition, diners looking for an alternative to the bar scene began flocking to the tea room. "Even before it was banned outright nationwide in 1920, alcohol consumption was viewed with disfavor by the teetotaling middle class who patronized tea rooms, (some of which borrowed the abbreviated T from the temperance campaign, calling themselves T-houses)."

"Contrary to what their name suggests, tea rooms didn't necessarily revolve around tea, the beverage, nor tea, the repast...In the beginning, some tea rooms did serve only one meal, afternoon tea, which did indeed feature the beverage tea...T hese establishments could not make enough money on afternoon teas alone; Americans simply weren't all that devoted to drinking tea or taking an afternoon break... Indeed, American tea rooms were in fact small restaurants, serving mainly lunch and, secondarily, dinner."

Atlanta has two such historical tea rooms, icons of successful female entrepreneurism: one memorialized in a cookbook and one still operating today.

Frances Virginia Wikle Whitaker opened the Frances Virginia Tea Room in the late 1920s, and "by 1931, was serving 1,000 people a day...which meant 1 percent of Atlanta's population was eating at the tea room each day!" (Thank you Angela of "Tea with Friends" for these details). The Frances Virginia remained open for nearly four decades, and is now memorialized in The Frances Virginia Tea Room Cookbook by Mildred Huff Coleman.

From Mary Mac's Tea Room website: "Mary Mac's Tea Room doors first opened in 1945 when Mary McKenzie decided to use her good Southern cooking to make money in the tough post-World War II days. In those days, a woman couldn't just open up a restaurant, so many female proprietors used the more genteel Southern name of "Tea Room."...And there were at least 16 other Tea Rooms around in-town Atlanta with Mary Mac's being the only one of them left."

Destination Tea salutes these first tea room proprietresses, who had the guts and ingenuity to change our world. Ms. Whitaker tells us that the August 1923 issue of Tea Room and Gift Shop deemed, "The success of a tea room is dependent not only upon the quality of the food served, but also up on the way it plays upon the imagination of its guests."

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The Rise of the American Tea Room: Serving Women's Rights with a Cup of Tea | Destination Tea

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I can now explain how "tea room" became a bit of a misnomer in American culture, but more importantly, get this: the independent American tea room gave women entrée into the restaurant industry, both as proprietresses and patronesses. Pretty great, right?

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When you hear the words "tea room," it's likely that you immediately think of a Victorian-inspired establishment best suited to special occasions, a place for women in pearls. If you'd lived at the turn of the 20th century in Scotland, or the early 1900s in America, however, it's likely that you would have a different picture entirely.

If you could travel back to Glasgow in 1878, you'd be just in time to have a bite to eat at Kate Cranston's newly opened Crown Tea Rooms. Cranston's brother, Stuart, was a tea retailer who had the brilliant idea of putting up a few tables and chairs and serving tea and light refreshments in his shop three years before the first tea rooms opened. The idea of a place to have a light lunch, alcohol free, caught on in the height of the temperance movement. Cranston's tea rooms (four in all) became just a few of the new trend, mostly catering light meals to businessmen, well before tea rooms began popping up in department stores and near suburbs. These tea rooms were largely focused on female diners.

Feeding people and presiding as hostesses felt a lot like what women had been doing all along, without pay.

In America, women were not only ideal tea room consumers, nearly all tea rooms were owned by women. It started small, with mostly middle class women opening up a room in their home or setting up tables in their garden and offering tea and light meals. This phenomenon wasn't unique to the U.S.: British women served scones, cakes, and tea as a way to make extra money, too. Unlike many occupations, feeding people and presiding as hostesses were accepted ways for women to enter the workforce, since these tasks felt a lot like what they'd been doing all along, without pay.

The historian Jan Whitaker sets the scene in the introduction to her book Tea at the Blue Lantern Inn: A Social History of the Tea Room Craze in America:

Picture a woman in South Sudbury, Massachusetts, putting down her spoon and bowl and taking off her apron as she hears an approaching car. She opens the front door of her Cape Cod cottage and greets her guests, a group of four youngish Bostonians out for a Sunday spin. After driving exactly twenty-two miles from Boston's Copley Square on this July day, they are not only hungry, but hot and thirsty, too. They sit down at one of the small tables in her converted living room, scanning the room for antiques and hooked rugs (as they always do when they are in the country)...

They then consult the neatly hand-lettered little menu. Creamed chicken on toast. Nut and jelly sandwich. Pear and ginger salad. Iced tea (or iced coffee), Lemonade, and Grape Juice. A simple scene, yet one that captured the imagination of the American woman as few could. In magazine after magazine, stories about tea rooms like this one created an immense wave of interest in readers who longed to "run a tea room of their very own."

Other women rented or borrowed barns, old houses, and grist mills to serve as makeshift tea rooms. Cooking and other food prep would take place at home or over tiny stoves. Most tea rooms didn't have access to water, requiring their proprietors to bring in all supplies.

In the early 1900s, tea rooms were the answer for single women who wanted some sort of career. They were well suited to widows or wives hoping to supplement family income, or teachers who wanted to continue working during the summer (many of them set up shop for only a few months in fashionable vacation spots).

What was the impetus for so many women to start tea rooms? Much of it had to do with women's inability to dine publicly unaccompanied in regular restaurants, according to the Americanist Cynthia Brandimarte's article, " 'To Make the Whole World Homelike': Gender, Space, and America's Tea Room Movement. " The tavern and hotel scenes were dominated by men. Women weren't welcome in some places at all, and only with a man in others. The tea room, so often either a home or a homelike environment, gave women chances to dine out-whether she was a working woman on a lunch break, taking a break from shopping, or touring with friends in the newly invented automobile. Women felt comfortable in these restaurants, which prided themselves on serving lighter, fresher fare than the heavy meat-and-potatoes coursed meals served at restaurants and hotels.

As a young girl, I read books like the Nancy Drew mysteries -the characters were always popping into tea rooms for lunch. To a modern reader, tea rooms conjured visions of crumpets and china, but when the books were published (the first in 1930), mentioning a tea room was meant to communicate to the reader that Nancy and her friends were independent women who could eat out without a man to escort them. While most women think nothing of dining out without a man now, tea rooms played a major role in bringing about this phenomenon.

You probably take for granted the homey touches at your favorite restaurants, like candles and flowers on the tables. But making a place as comfortable as your own dining room wasn't always the norm. In an article called " Domesticating the Restaurant: Marketing the Anglo-American Home," Whitaker traces the "home ideal" trend in dining establishments to the first third of the twentieth century. Before this era, restaurants were divided into upper- and lower-class establishments, with nothing in the middle, but middle class women as business owners changed that. "The home ideal on which they based their restaurants, though presented as universal, was rooted in a privileged and ethnocentric middle-class standard that did not grant working-class immigrant homes equal value. By the 1940s, however, it had become an industry norm."

Tea rooms became hotbeds for women seeking systemic social change.

Another crucial element of the tea room movement came in the form of Prohibition. Suddenly restaurants that didn't rely on alcohol to pay their bills were in demand. Some called tea rooms "T-rooms," with the "T" standing for temperance. They joined soda fountains and cafeterias in the new genre of places to eat but not drink. In the UK, tea room ties to temperance and the suffragist movement were strong, according to tea historian Jane Pettigrew. Tea rooms became hotbeds for women seeking systemic social change.

Although there were few tea room chains in America, many of these establishments shared common characteristics. They were usually decorated with Colonial furniture and hooked rugs, sometimes with an artfully placed spinning wheel. The women proprietors were known to decorate with antiques, which they sold to interested diners. Just as modern tea rooms harken to the Victorian era, early tea rooms were also drawn to the past, but found the Victorian era fussy. There was something wholesome and clean about plain wooden furniture and pewter light fixtures. This pared-down aesthetic was especially appealing at a time when technology and daily life were becoming ever more complicated.

The food served at tea rooms also reflected these values. If you were motoring in the country, it was almost certain that you'd find chicken and waffles on the tearoom menu (this was before chicken was readily available in cities, only handy to those who kept fowl). Lots of dishes promised "surprise," like the tomato surprise, which was usually a whole tomato stuffed with chicken salad and served on a bed of lettuce. Another staple was the popular "cheese dreams," which were made, according to Whitaker, "by spreading cheese, mustard, and cayenne pepper on a bread round and baking it."

The menus were also full of salads, most of them of the fruit or mayonnaise variety. You might recognize tiny finger sandwiches, but many of them had unfamiliar fillings to a modern palate. One example is a "Novelty" sandwich, which Whitaker describes as chopping an onion, ten pitted olives, one green pepper, and a dill pickle, all mixed together with cottage cheese. Surprisingly, one thing you wouldn't always find in a tea room was tea.

Although the homey atmosphere of the tea room initially made them acceptable workplaces for women, many proprietors took a different tactic to attract clientele, especially in the Bohemian paradise of Greenwich Village, which was filled with tea rooms by the 1920s. These tea rooms often featured whimsical themes (one early example was "The Mad Hatter") and erratic hours. Most of them thrived on regular patrons who considered the tea room their own. Instead of understated tones for walls and furnishings, everything was bathed in color, a trend that eventually spread to other tea rooms outside the Village.

Whitaker quotes American Cookery magazine on tea rooms during the Depression, saying that when a woman heard the words "tea room" she thought of "cozy little places with dimmed lights and candles; walls and furniture glaring in red; weird, fantastic colorings-a place where she may invite a friend or a girl chum, have a dainty luncheon, and gossip." While this sort of place appealed to many women, Whitaker observes that men were still very drawn to restaurants that felt like homes.

Modern tea rooms and tea houses don't feel quite as radical now as they did at their inception, but the current model does provide a countercultural atmosphere, encouraging patrons to slow down and enjoy both refreshments and good company without distractions. As Whitaker notes, these modern tea rooms focus on the Victorian era: "[I]t may be that the Victorian age symbolizes for women of the early twenty-first century something very similar to what the Colonial period meant to their early twentieth-century ancestors. For both, the past may represent a warmer, sweeter, more hospitable time."

Though most tea rooms closed by the end of the 1950s, they had already succeeded in changing the entire landscape for female diners. We have these establishments-often quirky, makeshift, and temporary-to thank for a world where women can dine out comfortably on their own.

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The Top-Secret Feminist History of Tea Rooms | JSTOR Daily

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When you hear the words "tea room," it's likely that you immediately think of a Victorian-inspired establishment best suited to special occasions, a place for women in pearls. If you'd lived at the turn of the 20th century in Scotland, or the early 1900s in America, however, it's likely that you would have a different picture entirely.

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Rester sain pendant le confinement/l'exile

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Rester sain pendant le confinement/l'exile

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It is quite something to realise that the well-being of others counts for more than one's own health and safety, even to the point of dying; but that is exactly what Covid-19 is teaching people. Such self-knowledge is important, leading directly to personal maturity and wisdom. As the pandemic proceeds, as regrettably it is likely to for many months yet, it continues comprehensively to affect all our lives, not least because, through the effects of 'lockdown', 'self-isolation', and 'social distancing', we are: i) obliged to spend much more time alone, or closely closeted with partners and family, ii) allowed out to take exercise only for about an hour once a day, iii) prevented from taking part in a wide range of otherwise normal activities. Unsurprisingly, at the time of writing (about five weeks into confinement), I have heard people say they are bored.

One blessing, in the south of England where I live, has been the remarkably consistent fine, warm and sunny weather, interspersed with occasional, welcome brief showers. Also, happily, in this small town so far, few cases of Covid-19 have been reported, and no deaths. The only person to have been hospitalised, a woman close to eighty, has already returned home and is recovering well. Nevertheless, we remain vigilant.

In books, some of my earlier posts or on the World Wide Wave of Wisdom website, I have consistently recommended, in order to grow in wisdom, that people consider adopting daily routines called Personal Growth Plans (PGPs). Looking at these, we can see how well the pandemic lockdown promotes exactly the 'wisdom exercises' involved. The simplest PGP, for example, consists of up to five parts, as follows:

a) Regular quiet time

b) Appropriate study (of both useful information and wisdom material)

c) Regular acts of kindness and compassion

d) Developing and maintaining affectionate and mutually supportive relations with others

e) Time spent engaging with nature

Even a cursory glance reveals how isolation forces people to comply with such recommendations. We generally have more time to fill than before. Learning to quiet down and be still, possibly (but not necessarily) undertaking regular daily periods of meditation, will therefore be to great advantage. In families where children as well as parents acquire this skill - to become still and silent at will (even for just 5 minutes at a time) - harmony is the rule. Stress levels are kept under reasonable control. And this first accomplishment to large degree supports the remaining four.

One of the best remedies for boredom is an attitude of curiosity, a compulsive desire to discover and improve our understanding of things, both stuff out there in the world and (even more importantly during challenging times) motives, ambitions, values and priorities within ourselves. Finding out as much as possible about the coronavirus, the threat it poses and how to minimise this, makes a good start. For children, and parents teaching them at home, there is, of course, schoolwork to engage with. But for everyone, in addition, there are the bigger, 'life and death' questions to attend to, questions about, for example, 'what is life for?' These are the questions that a deadly virus presents us with, day after day. 'How can we avoid feeling helpless, hopeless and worthless?' 'How might we use this unprecedented opportunity to rediscover, within ourselves and each other, valuable sources of strength, courage, compassion, wisdom and hope?'

The answers, in part, come through the remaining three parts of the above formula, and do so because at the deepest level of humanity we are connected, each to everyone else. The indiscriminate global spread of the virus itself shows that. Acts of kindness and compassion help us recognise and honour that seamless interdependence, as is already being widely demonstrated by the selfless acts of those caring for the sick, the lonely and grieving, and those providing essential services for all. The astonishing thing, some people are finding, is how good doing something to benefit another person makes you feel.

Friendships and family relationships do not always fare well under conditions of enforced proximity, so particular efforts are required; of kindness and consideration, tolerance and forbearance, gratitude and forgiveness, when tensions rise in lockdown households. Similarly, when people are forced apart, we do well to take special care to maintain valued distant connections, through cards and letters, phone-calls, emails, Skype, Zoom, carrier pigeon, prayers, etcetera. This is the challenge of the pandemic, which also provides many opportunities to improve our relations with others and forge new friendships, as a wonderfully uplifting spirit of camaraderie spreads throughout our communities. People in the group pictured above have clearly found a commendable way to congregate for coffee every morning while maintaining safe social distancing.

And numerous forms of exercise, even simply spending more time in our gardens, have re-introduced many of us to the glory that is nature, to which we are all equally seamlessly connected. This deep sense of connection - to everyone else regardless of any distinctions, to the entirety of nature, the planet and the cosmos - is worth reflecting on during those periods of quiet time each day; for it is this which best gives our human lives meaning, offering us a true, universal sense of belonging, and a heart-warming sense of self-worth. Knowing that death comes to all living things, while the great, eternal, creative, cosmic life force forges unceasingly ahead, helps many make sense of it all. This, unless I am much mistaken, and as I suspect many are now finding out, is the true foundation of wisdom. Therefore, because virus lockdown is forcing folk (even if inadvertently) to follow some part of the five-fold prescription listed above, we are all, collectively, growing wiser by the day, dwelling more effectively in the moment, rather than regretting the past and fearing the future, thus preparing ourselves and our world, as the pain and suffering eventually subside, for a better, saner, safer, healthier and happier future. I only hope I am right.

Copyright Larry Culliford

See also Larry's earlier post: A Pandemic of Possibilities. Larry's new title, 'The Big Book of Wisdom', was published on 19th March 2020. See his website for additional information about this and Larry's other influential publications. Larry supports the World Wide Wave of Wisdom.

Listen to Larry giving the inaugural SpIRE Library Lecture in Dublin on 5th March 2020 here (48 min).

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Coronavirus Lockdown: An Opportunity to Flourish

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It is quite something to realise that the well-being of others counts for more than one's own health and safety, even to the point of dying; but that is exactly what Covid-19 is teaching people. Such self-knowledge is important, leading directly to personal maturity and wisdom.

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-un bon accueil pour des personnes qui sont passé par des situations difficiles.

-Créer/garder une bonne ambiance entre eux.

-créer des relations avec l'exterieur, autre que la préfecture.

-Ces hommes, incarnant leurs propres cultures, se
sont retrouvées au sein d’une autre culture à laquelle
ils ne s’identifient pas. Le dialogue, l’interraction et
les adaptations/transitions(?) culturelles qui prendra place afin de répondre à leurs besoins, est la ligne directrice de ce projet.

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Relaxing Piano - Studio Ghibli Complete Collection by Tera N

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For the first time in France, an exhibition paying homage to the little-known art of Japanese bamboo basketry that tells the story of how basketry became sculpture.

"Fendre l'air": The handiwork of generations of Japanese artisans resonate in the title of this unique exhibition, dedicated to the art of bamboo basketry. These artisans first took inspiration from Chinese models, which in turn sought to imitate with virtuosity the sophisticated forms of bronze and porcelain vases.

The revival, at the beginning of the Meiji era, of a certain type of tea ceremony for which bamboo recipients were used for flower arrangements subsequently drew upon the creativity of sophisticated and amazingly inventive artists. Even today, Japanese bamboo basketry confers upon some of its creators, who have become master weavers of the material, the prestigious status of living national treasures. Sometimes stripped of all functionality, the most contemporary basketry becomes pure sculpture, making for a profoundly original artistic field.

The exhibition brings together 160 works, telling the story of a little-known art form in the Western world. Seven contemporary artist are presented in a monograph display and have accepted a commission for this exhibition from the musée du quai Branly - Jacques Chirac. Furthermore, one artist in particular will be especially honoured: Iizuka Rokansai (1890-1958), considered the foremost reference in Japanese basketry.

Curator

Stéphane Martin, President of the musée du quai Branly - Jacques Chirac

SCIENTIFIC ADVISOr

Place: Mezzanine est

Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday: 10:30 am-07:00 pm

Thursday: 10:30 am-10:00 pm

Accessibility:

Public: All publics

Categorie : Exhibitions

Click here to see all rates

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Arts & Civilizations of Africa, Asia, Oceania and the Americas | Exhibitions, Live shows, Colloquiums and Conferences. Pour la première fois en France, une exposition rend hommage à l'art méconnu de la vannerie japonaise en bambou et raconte l'histoire d'un panier devenu sculpture.

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Questionnaire de préférence des amis de Jafari

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Questionnaire de préférence des amis de Jafari

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KPI
DATA ANALYSIS
Question nary  to similar parties(asylums and camps)
Salma Abdelrahman

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L'humain et les cultures
les endroits préférés des résidents du foyer

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Le milieu "naturel" des alentours
Climat
Sensorialités ( sens odorat,vue...)

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Neighbourhood context – the immediate surrounding of the site including data on zoning and buildings and other impacts on our project.

Legal information – ownership, restrictions or covenants, council related information, future urban development plans.

Zoning and size – dimensional considerations such as boundaries, easements, height restrictions, site area, access along with any further plans.

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Le CHU occupe temporairement un des bâtiment du domaine Chérioux, L'ancien internat des filles.
Le domaine est situé à Val-de-Marne, à la limite de Vitry/Seine, tout prés de Thiais,

Le site de Chérioux a été construit dans les années 1920-1930, comme école départementale, proposant une nouvelle typologie d'internats déployés dans un vaste espace vert. Ce site a subi beaucoup de transformation depuis sa date de construction. Mais il reste considéré comme patrimoine architecturale et paysagère.
Parmis ces transformations: L'internat professionnel garçons et infirmerie sont aujourd'hui le lycée Adolphe Chérioux.
L'internat primaire garçons est le collège d'A. Chérioux.
L'internat maternel devient l'IUT.
L'internat professionel filles est utilisé comme centre de formation ----- (j'ai oublié le mot.
L'internat primaire filles est occupé partiellemnt par Emmaüs.
Et bien sûr le projet de la ZAC départementale de Chérioux vient s'implanter en plein Sud-ouest du site( les voisins directe du centre).(projet confié à la société de SADEV94).

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-subir une distanciation sociale

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-pratiquer une distanciation sociale

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A poll that has nothing to do with this 

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A poll that has nothing to do with this 

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Gathering data to support my graduation project. Keywords : cultures, conviviality & environment

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Interview avec Emeline, la coordinatrice sociale de CHU Chérioux 

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Interview avec Emeline, la coordinatrice sociale de CHU Chérioux 

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/ à reformuler

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Besoin de réponses par rapport aux restes des questions posées à Emeline

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Besoin de réponses par rapport aux restes des questions posées à Emeline

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Le photographe franco-turc Tchane Okuyan a entrepris le vaste projet de photographier l'intérieur des kebabs dans plusieurs villes européennes. Car pour lui, le kebab est un mélange de cultures qui symbolise l'immigration turque en Europe.

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Kebab project : l'intégration en cuisine | ARTE

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Le photographe franco-turc Tchane Okuyan a entrepris le vaste projet de photographier l'intérieur des kebabs dans plusieurs villes européennes. Car pour lui, le kebab est un mélange de cultures qui symbolise l'immigration turque en Europe.

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En partenariat avec la DRIHL 94 et les accueils de jour du département, une plateforme alimentaire a été mise en place en fin d'année 2013 avec pour objectif de faciliter la récupération de denrées alimentaires et la distribution auprès des accueils de jour du département. Ces denrées doivent permettre de mieux répondre aux besoins des personnes accueillies par ces structures.

Régi par une circulaire du Ministère des Affaires Sociales et de la Santé, il s'agit de la mobilisation et du renforcement, par les départements, du dispositif d'accueil, d'hébergement et d'insertion durant l'hiver. L'association EMMAÜS Solidarité participe à ce plan en ouvrant des centres hivernaux qui ferment pour certains à la fin de l'hiver. L'association EMMAÜS Solidarité participe à ce plan en ouvrant des centres hivernaux. Certaines de ces structures ferment à la fin de l'hiver, d'autres sont reconduites sur une ou plusieurs années.

3. Le dispositif d'hébergement " Grand froid " :

Dernièrement, ce dispositif a été mis en place dans 2 mairies parisiennes et 1 accueil de jour en cas d'hiver rigoureux.

Liste des centres :

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Activités spécifiques - Emmaüs Solidarité

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En partenariat avec la DRIHL 94 et les accueils de jour du département, une plateforme alimentaire a été mise en place en fin d'année 2013 avec pour objectif de faciliter la récupération de denrées alimentaires et la distribution auprès des accueils de jour du département.

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Le centre d’hébergement d’urgence
EMMAÜS Solidarité à Domaine Chérioux

C’est l’ancien foyer de l’enfance de Vitry situé au domaine
Chérioux aprés trois ans d’inoccupation il a été transformé
en CHU en décembre 2019. Le conseil départemental l’a
prêté à l’État afin de mettre des demandeurs d’asil à l’abri
du froid.
La capacité d’accueil de ce centre est de 150 places pour
des demandeurs d’asile hommes pour qui des prestations
de première nécessité (alimentation, hygiène) sont
proposées ainsi qu’un accompagnement pour l’accès aux
droits et la recherche d’un logement ou d’une structure
d’insertion adaptée.

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Protection intellectuelle littéraire&artistique//
Open source

-Avoir la paternité du projet et une grande diffusion.
-Donner la permission de partager, reproduire ou pas.

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doc visuels & annotations écrites et synthétique

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-Espace de thé (?)
Proposition de configuration/élément générics pour la configuration d'un espace de thé.
Un espace dedié à un temp spécifique de rassemblement, de convivial. Un rituel.

-Livre de recette commun ( Avec Eva )
une discipline (?) / Une livre de recette par et pour tous le monde

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-CORONAVIRUS! Distanciation/Isolation sociale !!!
(On ne peut plus se rendre sur place, les habitants sont "isolés" et ne peut plus se rassembler pour manger tous ensemble ou pour des ateliers...)

-Régulation/limites du bâtiment, qui n'appartient pas à Emmaüs, donc impossibilité de détruire des murs par exemples/changement majeurs.

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Les espaces communes : Salons, espace d'ateliers de conversation, qui peut aussi s'étendre aux espaces verts des alentours.

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Pour les habitants du foyer ou d'autre foyer.

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Aménagement spaciale intèrieur
créer des opportunité de convivialité et intéractions.
Avoir une bonne image/impression/autre interaction avec la France que les préfectures.

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En attente d'envoie de la part d'Emeline ( pas sûr)

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Designer Matteo Guarnaccia, who is based in Barcelona, travelled the world working with Doctors without Borders as part of his thesis project, which seeks to make the transportation of patients easier and safer. But he says it was while working in the Democratic Republic Congo that he began to understand the importance of culture within the design of seating.

Following his experience, he founded NGO Cross Cultural Chairs to further examine the relationship between different cultural habits that exist between how people relate to chairs and the act of sitting, especially in today's fast paced society.

He said via email: "Bruno Munari said that creativity comes from the ability to associate previous experiences in between each other, so the more stories we see and experience the more variables and expressions we can propose. This is just his theory, but my intention is to propose a design based on experiences and not on trends, avoiding an upcoming globalisation in the design field."

For this project, which was partly funded through Kickstarter, Guarnaccia will travel to eight of the most populated countries in the world. Here he will spend a month collaborating with a designer or artisan in each country to produce a chair while at the same time learning about that society's culture.

He says: "Culture encompasses religion, food, what we wear, how we wear it, our language, marriage, music, what we believe is right or wrong, how we sit at the table, how we greet visitors, how we behave with loved ones..."

Cross Cultural Chairs will therefore analyse will how each culture is represented through their chairs and sittings.

"Chairs are probably one of the few objects that can trace a line in the social evolution. Analysing a chair you can understand the stature of a culture, what kind of materials they used and what kind of techniques they knew. We will study the social aspect of a chair in each culture and at the same time how it's made, what kind of material are locally used. What kind of techniques? Does design still come from necessity or it's becoming just another way of expression?"

The eight countries he will visit are Indonesia, Mexico, Brazil, Japan, China, India, Russia and Nigeria. In the latter he will collaborate with Studio nm Bello, who formed part of Design Indaba's Africa Now series.

"I want to portray the culture through a chair that expresses a social act, not the typical chair of a country because it doesn't really exist, but I want to tell a story that represents its own culture. Together we will design and produce a chair, or a sitting, that tells this story."

Guarnaccia will also produce a documentary as part of the project and the images and interviews collected will form part of a 300 page book. The eight chairs will also be exhibited at Barcelona's Design Museum.

Below are the eight participants in the project:

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Cross Cultural Chairs examines the role of the chair in our modern society | Design Indaba

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Designer Matteo Guarnaccia, who is based in Barcelona, travelled the world working with Doctors without Borders as part of his thesis project, which seeks to make the transportation of patients easier and safer. But he says it was while working in the Democratic Republic Congo that he began to understand the importance of culture within the design of seating.

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Chérioux en quelques dates :

- 1906 : 1ere étude pour la création d'un orphelinat départemental
- 1917 : institution d'une commission administrative
- Juillet 1919 : vote par le Conseil général de la Seine d'un crédit de 2,5 millions de F pour l'achat d'un terrain dans les "environs immédiats de Paris".
- Décembre 1919 : acquisition du terrain au lieu-dit "la Nozaie" sur le territoire de la commune de Vitry.
- A partir de 1920 : déblaiement des terrains
- Mars 1931 : début du chantier
- Octobre 1932 : ouverture de l'école des garçons. On y apprend l'ajustage, l'électricité, la menuiserie, la plomberie, la serrurerie, la cordonnerie, l'horticulture.
- Octobre 1936 : ouverture de l'école des filles : habillement, coiffure, teinturerie et secrétariat.
- 1939 : repli des écoles à Brive, en Corrèze
- 1940 : occupation par les Allemands
- Août 1944 : 8 civils français sont fusillés sans jugement devant le mur de l'enceinte.
- Octobre 1946 : réouverture des établissements
- 1961 : premier recrutement d'élèves externes
- 1968 : création des 7 départements d'Ile de France. Le domaine Chérioux est dévolu au Conseil général du Val-de-Marne
- 1973 : restructuration des écoles. Création de 4 foyers d'hébergement et de 3 établissements d'enseignement
- 1983 : le Conseil général prend en charge la gestion de toutes les cités mixtes lycée+collège du Val de Marne dont les établissements Chérioux.

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Le long de la RN7, entre Vitry, Thiais et Chevilly-la-Rue, le domaine départemental de Chérioux ne passe pas inaperçu. Dans un parc de 36 hectares, les bâtiments se dressent fièrement et l'on y pénètre par une entrée monumentale.

Louis Adolphe Chérioux (1857-1934) était entrepreneur de travaux publics. C'est à la fin du siècle dernier qu'il commence sa carrière politique sous l'étiquette "radical-socialiste". Il est élu conseiller municipal du XVe arrondissement de Paris. Il est l'auteur de nombreux rapports, parmi lesquels ceux sur la transformation en parc de l'ancien Champ de Mars, la création d'une ligne de métropolitain nord-sud, les règlements de voirie... Il a été promoteur du parc des expositions à la porte de Versailles. Sa devise : peu de paroles, beaucoup d'actes.
Il fut aussi président du conseil général de la Seine pour la session de 1900-1901 et à ce titre, président de la commission des orphelinats. C'est lui qui prit l'initiative de la création d'un orphelinat à Vitry.

C'est au début du XXe siècle qu'Adolphe Chérioux, alors président du Conseil général de la Seine, décide de créer un orphelinat départemental à Vitry.

Cet orphelinat sera bâti au lieu dit La Nozaie, sur un terrain de 36 hectares acquit par le Conseil général de la Seine en décembre 1919. Quatre bâtiments d'internat primaires et professionnels pour garçons et filles, un internat maternel ainsi qu'une infirmerie, des pavillons de concierge et des dépendances seront érigés sur ce domaine.

Cette réalisation sera confiée à Henri Gautruche, architecte de la ville de Paris. Ces édifices ont encore fière allure, alliant les matériaux modernes tels le béton et de plus traditionnels comme la brique et la meulière.

L'internat et l'école professionnelle de garçons ouvriront en 1927, celles des filles neuf ans après. Dès lors, en 1936, le domaine Chérioux compte, au total, 1200 enfants.
> Site Internet des anciens élèves
- 1906 : 1ere étude pour la création d'un orphelinat départemental
- 1917 : institution d'une commission administrative
- Juillet 1919 : vote par le Conseil général de la Seine d'un crédit de 2,5 millions de F pour l'achat d'un terrain dans les "environs immédiats de Paris".
- Décembre 1919 : acquisition du terrain au lieu-dit "la Nozaie" sur le territoire de la commune de Vitry.
- A partir de 1920 : déblaiement des terrains
- Mars 1931 : début du chantier
- Octobre 1932 : ouverture de l'école des garçons. On y apprend l'ajustage, l'électricité, la menuiserie, la plomberie, la serrurerie, la cordonnerie, l'horticulture.
- Octobre 1936 : ouverture de l'école des filles : habillement, coiffure, teinturerie et secrétariat.
- 1939 : repli des écoles à Brive, en Corrèze
- 1940 : occupation par les Allemands
- Août 1944 : 8 civils français sont fusillés sans jugement devant le mur de l'enceinte.
- Octobre 1946 : réouverture des établissements
- 1961 : premier recrutement d'élèves externes
- 1968 : création des 7 départements d'Ile de France. Le domaine Chérioux est dévolu au Conseil général du Val-de-Marne
- 1973 : restructuration des écoles. Création de 4 foyers d'hébergement et de 3 établissements d'enseignement
- 1983 : le Conseil général prend en charge la gestion de toutes les cités mixtes lycée+collège du Val de Marne dont les établissements Chérioux.

Un énorme potentiel :
- dispositif immobilier particulièrement important
- un cadre propice constitué d'un parc de plus de 36 hectares, des équipements sportifs, culturels... des ressources humaines : près de 170 agents territoriaux travaillent actuellement sur le domaine qui dispose, en outre, de sa propre équipe de technicien.

Fort de son architecture et de la qualité esthétique de ses bâtiments et bien sûr de son parc, le domaine Chérioux a fait l'objet de nombreux articles dans la revue "L'Architecture". L'une des structures les plus originales pour l'enseignement technologique dans l'Académie de Créteil, à l'échelon régional.

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Le long de la RN7, entre Vitry, Thiais et Chevilly-la-Rue, le domaine départemental de Chérioux ne passe pas inaperçu. Dans un parc de 36 hectares, les bâtiments se dressent fièrement et l'on y pénètre par une entrée monumentale. Louis Adolphe Chérioux (1857-1934) était entrepreneur de travaux publics.