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Causes :

Viruses

Bacteria

Allergens

Symptoms:

Redness of the white part of the eye

Inflammation of the conjunctiva or eyelids

Increased tearing

Foreign body sensation

Itching, irritation, or burning

Pus or mucus

Scabs on the eyelids

Risck factors :

Exposure to a person infected with viral or bacterial conjunctivitis.

Exposure to something you are allergic to.

Wearing contact lenses (prolonged wear).

Prevalence: 6-30% of children

Diagnosis:

Was performed by means of an ocular physical examination

Treatmen:

By means of steam to dilate and drain the capsule, topical antibiotics such as chloramphenicol can also be added

Pronostic:

This disease is easy to treat and there are usually no complications with proper management

References
Symptoms of conjunctivitis. (2019, January 4). Centers for disease control and prevention. Entered August 25,2023. retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/conjunctivitis/about/symptoms-sp.html

Common causes of conjunctivitis. (2019, January 4). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Entered on August 25,2023. retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/conjunctivitis/about/causes-sp.html

Pink eye (conjunctivitis) - symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic (2023b, March 21). Entered August 25,2023. retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/es/diseases-conditions/pink-eye/symptoms-causes/syc-20376355#:~:text=The%20risk%20factors%20of%20risk%20of,especially%20those%20of%20prolonged%20use.

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Causes :

Virus - respiratory syncytial virus
Bacteria - Streptococcus pneumoniae (most common) - Haemophilus influenzae type b (2nd)
Fungi.

-Pneumocystis jiroveci (px HIV) important cause -6. Causes one in four deaths from pneumonia in infants-

Risck factors :

-Poor diet

-Malnutrition

.Thanks to immunosuppression due to nutrient deficiency.

-Air pollution

-Locality

-Lack of immunization
-Lack primary care in the health sector

Prevalence : Worldwide

In children under 5 years of age there are 150-156 million cases, estimating two million deaths per year.

40% of cases require hospitalization.

Diagnosis:

Analyzing atypical breathing patterns, listening to the lungs, X-rays or blood tests.

Treatment :

First line amoxicillin in dispersible tablets. Serious case of hospitalization

Manage or prevent :

-Vaccination against Hib, pneumococcus, measles and whooping cough (most effective)
-Proper nutrition. Correcting environmental factors such as indoor air pollution while maintaining hygiene in overcrowded homes

-Px HIV supply cotrimoxazole to reduce your risk

References :

View of pneumonia in children: risk factors and response | RECIMUNDO (n. d.). Accessed August 25,2023. Retrieved from https://recimundo.com/index.php/es/article/view/502/709#:~:text=The%20major%20risk%20factors%20of%20risk,a%20sectors%20of%20low%20low%20income%20.
World Health Organization: WHO (2022). Childhood pneumonia.Entered August 25,2023. Retrieved from www.who.int. https://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/pneumonia#:~:text=The%20pneumonia%C3%ADa%20can%20be%20caused,the%20control%20of%20environmental%20factors%20.

Childhood pneumonia: everything you need to know (n. d.). UNICEF. Accessed August 25,2023. Retrieved from https://www.unicef.org/es/historias/neumonia-infantil-lo-que-debes-saber#:~:text=Los%20profesionales%20de%20de%20la%20salud,X%20o%20o%20an%20C3%A1lisis%20de%20de%20sangre.

Manuel, M. P. C. (n. d.). Clinical-epidemiological study of community-acquired pneumonia during the pediatric age. experience at Hospital Angeles Pedregal. Admitted August 25,2023. Recuperado de https://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1870-72032016000300143#:~:text=A%20nivel%20mundial%2C%20la%20incidencia,de%20los%20casos%20requiere%20hospitalizaci%C3%B3n.

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Causes: the most frequent agent is Streptococcus pneumoniae

Symptoms: middle ear pain, fever, and less frequently mucus drainage and hearing loss.

Risk factors: childhood, childcare attendance, adenoid hypertrophy, male sex and white race, adenoids, asthma.

Prevalence: 17-30% of infants experience two or more episodes of AOM, with 50% of children having at least one episode by age 3 years.

Diagnosis:  is guided by the clinic and the physical examination of the patient, a pneumatic otoscope is used, which sends a breath of air into the ear canal to check if there is fluid behind the eardrum.

Treatmen: Amoxicillin/Ac. Clavulanic acid: Amoxicillin 90 mg/kg/day, plus an analgesic and an antipyretic.

Impacts: As it is an acute infectious disease, which is easily resolved with the appropriate medications, it does not have a great impact on the patient or the parents.

Reference

John V. Ashurst. (2023, 12 abril). Acute Otitis Media. National Library of Medicine. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470332/

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Causes:
1.- Hepatitis A virus
2.-The virus is spread when infected feces
3.-Even small amounts
4.-Enter another person's mouth (fecal-oral transmission)
Symptoms:
1.- Tiredness
2.-Weakness
3.-Nausea
4.-Vomiting
5.-Loss of appetite
6.-Fever
7.-Jaundice
8.-Itching.
9.-Dark urine
Risk factors:
1.-Ingesting contaminated food or water, or by direct contact with infected people or objects.
Prevalence:
3.11 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, with a slight predominance of the male sex (56.28%) and a higher incidence in the 5-9 age group. In Mexico.
Diagnosis:
1.- Blood test to detect antibodies ( igM)
Treatment:
1.- There are no specific treatments for this disease
2.- Focuses no being comfortable and controlling the symptoms

1. Consume and drink fluids

2. Avoid alcohol

Manage or prevent:
1.- Wash your hands very well aferró going to the bathroom and before preparing or eating food
Impacts:
1.- Say isolated frontis other people (not eating or drinking water on the same plate or using the same bathroom)

1.How is the hepatitis virus transmitted?
-hepatitis A virus.

Reference
1.- Hepatitis A - diagnóstico y tratamiento - Mayo Clinic. (2022, 25 octubre). https://www.mayoclinic.org/es/diseases-conditions/hepatitis-a/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20367055
2.-Services, E. H. (2019). Hepatitis A and food handlers PUBLIC HEALTH. Sbcounty.gov. https://www.sbcounty.gov/uploads/dph/EHS/Documents/CDP/Hep-A-English-Spanish.pdf

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Causes:
1.-Fever Infection through the Zoster chickenpox virus
Symptoms:
1.- Fever
2.-Cought
3.-Sneezing
4.-Skin rashes
5.-Intense itching
Risk factors:
1.- Susceptible pregnant women
2.- Newborns
3.- Patients with inmune disorder
4.- Patients with blood diseases
Prevalence:
1.- More than 90% of the population has had the disease before the age of 15, with a maximum incidence between 2 and 8 years of age
Diagnosis:
1.- Visual exmination
2.- Eruptions
2.- Laboratory test( blood test or a study of the tissues of the affected skin)
Treatment:
1.- Asympotomatic treatment: baths with oatmeal soap, desinfection of broken vesicles with antiseptics
2.- If there is an overinfection of the lesions, topical antibiotic treatment will be given (Acyclovir)
3.- If there is an intense itching, oral antihistamines can be taken
Manage or prevent:
1.-  Get vaccinated against tris disease
2.- Wash your hands with soap and water
3.- Cleaning commonly used objects
4.- If you have the disease avoid contact
5.- Staying at home
Impacts:
1.-  Infecting other people

Questions
1.- Do you mention 2 symptoms chickenpox?
- Fever and skin rashes

Reference
Savia. (s. f.). Varicela - salud savia. Salud Savia. https://www.saludsavia.com/contenidos-salud/enfermedades/varicela

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Irreversible chronic inflammatory disease,
Causes:
1.-Dust
2.-Mites
3.-Pollen
4.-Smoke
5.-Alert us

Symptoms:
1.-Cought
2.-Dyspnea
3.-Infections
4.-Anxiety
5.-Chest tightness
6.-Rapid heart reat
Risk factors:
1.-Tobacco
2.-Plants
3.-Animals
Prevalence:
In the year 2020 in mexico, asthma Wash ranked among the first 20 causes of disease, and of the total registered cases, about 24% ocurred in the 5 to 14 year-old group
Diagnosis:
1.-Medical history
2.- Physical examination
3.-Analysis of the lung (spirometry)
Treatment:
1.- Bronchodilators
2.-Steroids
3.-Antiinflammatories
Manage or prevent:
1.-Avoid exposure to allergens
2.-Use medication or rescue inhaler in a crisis
Impacts:
history Irá morbidity is very high, ir generates a largo number of hospitalizations, enormouscost and there is no curative treatment
Questions

1. Mention a cause of asthma?

-Dust
-Mites
2. Mention two symptoms of asthma?

-Cough
-Dyspnea

Reference
Asthma: animation. (2021, junio 7) https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/asthma/