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Ahmad Faizhan Bin Fahizam (86256) Emmyra Christien Anak Frankie (77961)

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Ahmad Faizhan Bin Fahizam (86256) Emmyra Christien Anak Frankie (77961)

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1. Based on our observations, we found that blog posts have the least usage of the three language styles commonly used on the internet, as stated in the reading materials, compared to other platforms. The use of hashtags and abbreviations is less frequent in blogs. Additionally, emojis are almost non-existent in blog posts. The reason we believe this is the case is that blogs are typically used for articles and news, which require more formality compared to social media and forums. We also found that the use of abbreviations increases significantly in more personal blogs. While some blogs may use hashtags, we discovered that their usage in blog posts is largely irrelevant.

2. We found that online forums are probably the most diverse when it comes to language use. With a wide variety of topics, the use of abbreviations, emojis, and hashtags may vary across forums. Additionally, the community of a specific forum has a strong influence on the language used. Our observation of various gaming forums on Discord proves that variation occurs even within the same genre, such as gaming. We found that some forums use emojis, some use hashtags, and some use abbreviations, while others may use none of them. In our observation, the use of abbreviations is quite notable in gaming forums. This is likely due to the influence of gaming, which requires quick thinking and fast communication. The use of emojis in gaming forums may differ from others, as they often represent in-game items. Emojis to express emotions are also common in forums. Meanwhile, hashtags are once again almost irrelevant in forums.

3. Social media best represents internet language use. All three—abbreviations, emojis, and hashtags—are very popular in posts. With a large number of social media users, this platform experiences a wide variety of intercultural influences. Since our world is highly interconnected, communication trends on social media can change frequently. For instance, we found that emojis on social media can be used literally or to express emotions. Abbreviations are also very common, likely due to the informal nature of social media and the diverse backgrounds and native languages of its users. Lastly, hashtags are arguably the most popular feature on social media, as they help users easily find or be redirected to related content.

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Nur Aqilah Farhanna (100282) & Nurul Alina Amira (100630)

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Nur Aqilah Farhanna (100282) & Nurul Alina Amira (100630)

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☆ Similarities :

Abbreviations, hashtags, and emojis all make communication quicker and more expressive. They help users convey messages more efficiently, whether it's sharing emotions (e.g., "RIP," 🙏🏻), organizing content (#liampayne), or expressing feelings visually (💔). All three are widely used in social media to streamline communication.

☆ Differences :

Abbreviations shorten phrases or words, often for formal or event-specific purposes (e.g., "TRACE"). Hashtags are used to categorize content, making it easier to find related posts (#UNIMASTRACE2024). Emojis primarily convey emotions or moods, adding a personal touch to messages (🫣 showing excitement). Each has a distinct role in communication.

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Jennifer Sharon (99270) Natalie Anne (100050) Farhan Syafiq (101686) 

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Jennifer Sharon (99270) Natalie Anne (100050) Farhan Syafiq (101686) 

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Apps used for this task:

1. Facebook

2. Tiktok

3. Twitter

1. Emojis - Facebook, Tiktok and Twitter users used emojis to represent their expressions instead of using words. However, Tiktok and Twitter are mostly used by the Gen Zs, so the emojis are used sarcastically, while the Facebook users are mostly the millennials, so the emojis are used literally, meaning they directly represents their emotions or ideas.

2. Abbreviation - Tiktok and Twitter users are using abbreviations to shortened the words to make communication faster. For example, "POV" means point of view, and "RIP" for rest in peace. Meanwhile abbreviation are used less by Facebook users.

3. Hashtags - Tiktok and Twitter users often use hashtags to reach out and make trends. However Facebook users don't really use hastags.

In conclusion, the similarities that we have found are that most of Tiktok and Twitter users are the Generation Zs (those who born in 1997-2012) while the Facebook users are mostly the millennials or the older generation. Hence, the generational difference influences how each platform uses emojis, abbreviations and hashtags.

Tiktok : https://vt.tiktok.com/ZS2ocN3Xx/

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/share/KvhKvCVq9zWcJKDJ/

https://www.facebook.com/share/p/mCgVoFcAS7VLxene/

X: https://x.com/anusmita2000/status/1846680939545743794?t=_Nkomxpucb2MjR9WEyX9wQ&s=19

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Amenda John (98111), Nur Athirah Dania (100296), Pravina Nanthakumar (100784)

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Amenda John (98111), Nur Athirah Dania (100296), Pravina Nanthakumar (100784)

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Similarities:

Use of Emojis: All images may contain emojis, which are commonly used across digital platforms to visually convey emotions, tone, or sentiment without relying on text alone.

Differences:

Content Focus: Each post might address different themes or subjects. For example, one could focus on personal grief, another on a tribute to a public figure, and the third might highlight a community reaction to a loss, leading to variations in language, tone, and emotional expression.

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Top image is a post from Instagram, Bottom image is a post from X. 

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Aisyah Zahra (98011) & Nur Alin Syazwani (100256)

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Aisyah Zahra (98011) & Nur Alin Syazwani (100256)

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🫐 Similarity: Both posts leverage informal language, emoji usage, and hashtags. These elements are used consistently across platforms to convey emotion and context in a compact, visually engaging way.

🫐 Difference: The expression differs significantly between the posts. The first post is somber , using emojis and hashtags to express grief and pay tribute to someone. The second is light-hearted and humorous, using emojis and informal speech to express laughter.

🫐 Unique Pattern: A notable pattern is how emojis have surpassed simple decoration to become fundamental to meaning. Emojis are almost necessary in digital communication to convey detail, expression, and emotion that fill in for body language and voice inflection.

Resources: https://x.com/srxt_k/status/1846937949604364324?s=19

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Beige Scrapbook Art and History Museum Infographic_20241018_101516_0000

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NUR FITHRIANA BINTI OMAR (100366) DANIYA IZWANIY BINTI DARMOHAN (98605)

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NUR FITHRIANA BINTI OMAR (100366) DANIYA IZWANIY BINTI DARMOHAN (98605)

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The use of abbreviations on Twitter and Instagram shows both similarities and differences based on the nature of the platforms:

Similarities:

• Time-saving: On both platforms, abbreviations like “LOL” (laughing out loud), “BRB” (be right back), and “DM” (direct message) are used to save time and characters, especially since Twitter has a strict character limit.

• Trending terms: Abbreviations on both platforms often appear as hashtags, with common terms like #TBT (Throwback Thursday) or #FF (Follow Friday) being used across both Instagram and Twitter to join in on viral trends and challenges.

Differences:

• Content type: On Twitter, abbreviations are commonly used in fast-paced, text-based conversations. Users rely on abbreviations to fit within the 280-character limit and to quickly convey opinions or reactions in real-time discussions. Twitter abbreviations, such as “ICYMI” (In case you missed it) or “FTW” (For the win), often accompany ongoing global conversations or news events.

On Instagram, while abbreviations like “TBH” (to be honest) and “OOTD” (outfit of the day) are also popular, the platform leans heavily on visual content. Abbreviations here tend to be part of captions or hashtags that enhance visual storytelling. For example, Instagram’s image-centric culture uses abbreviations in contexts that align with lifestyle and fashion, such as #BTS (behind the scenes) for influencer content, which is less frequent on Twitter.

• Real-time vs Visual: Twitter focuses more on real-time interactions and quick updates, making abbreviations essential for fast-paced communication. Instagram, being more visual, incorporates abbreviations primarily to enhance captions and hashtags for visual appeal rather than real-time conversation.

Thus, while both platforms utilize abbreviations to foster engagement, their purposes differ based on whether the content is more text-driven (Twitter) or visual (Instagram). This leads to slight differences in how and why users abbreviate on each platform.

Sources: SocialSellinator, Sprout Social

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Mohamad Syahmi bin Jasni (99752) Mohamad Norazwandy bin Abdul (99740)

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Mohamad Syahmi bin Jasni (99752) Mohamad Norazwandy bin Abdul (99740)

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Creative Use of Hashtags: The user includes the hashtag "#sixpencenonetherichervibes4ever." This shows a trend of combining popular culture references (in this case, possibly the band Sixpence None the Richer) with a personal flair ("vibes4ever"), which creates a unique and specific mood or feeling. Hashtags have become a tool not only for categorizing posts but also for expressing identity or creative ideas.

Emojis to Express Emotion: The use of a maple leaf (🍁) and heart (❤️) emoji reflects the user’s feelings about the autumn season and perhaps their emotions regarding their creative process ("i ❤️ makingdemos"). Emojis help quickly convey a mood or emotion without needing to elaborate in words, making them a fundamental part of digital expression.

Casual and Playful Language: The phrase "autumn is so cutesy" reflects a relaxed and informal tone typical of social media. Social media users often adopt playful language to make posts feel more personable and relatable.

Blending Visual and Text Elements: The post integrates selfies and a short video clip alongside text, which is common in social media posts. This format caters to the multimedia nature of online communication, where visuals and text work together to convey a fuller message.

These patterns illustrate the fusion of text, symbols, and visuals in social media that reshapes how people communicate ideas, moods, and personal experiences.

Resources: https://x.com/beabad00bee/status/1846960260952580370?s=46

In the second image, the language patterns showcase several key elements common in social media communication, aligned with trends discussed in the article:

Emojis as Emotional Reinforcement: The use of the raised hands emoji (🙌) and fire emoji (🔥) adds emphasis to the message. These emojis provide a non-verbal layer that highlights excitement and agreement with the concept of success and goals. This reflects how emojis supplement language by conveying tone and emotion in a concise way.

Encouraging, Motivational Tone: The comment contains an uplifting and motivational message, which is a common theme in social media, especially in personal development or coaching spaces. It uses a direct and positive approach to inspire the reader.

Blending Text with Visual Symbols: Similar to the first image, this post blends simple, clear text with emojis to strengthen the impact of the message. The heart icon in the reply above ("From my ❤️, Danielle") also contributes to the warm and personal tone of the interaction.

These patterns illustrate how social media allows for a combination of textual and visual cues to communicate efficiently while making messages more engaging and emotionally resonant.

Resources: https://www.instagram.com/p/DBE0T1ksAyd/?igsh=MTBvc2o5dHM3Y2ZtNw==

Upon analyzing both images, here are the similarities, differences, and unique patterns observed:

Similarities:

Use of Emojis: Both images utilize emojis to convey emotion and tone:

In the first image, a maple leaf (🍁) and heart (❤️) emoji are used to express affection for autumn and personal passion.

In the second image, raised hands (🙌) and fire (🔥) emojis emphasize agreement and enthusiasm for success.

Emojis in both cases help add an emotional or thematic layer to the text.

Casual, Conversational Tone: Both posts use a relaxed and informal tone:

The first image has a more playful and personal tone with the phrase “autumn is so cutesy."

The second image uses an inspirational, conversational tone with phrases like “Success is all about choices we make.”

The casual style makes both posts feel approachable and relatable.

Blending Visual and Text Elements: Both posts combine written text with visual elements (emojis, hashtags, and images):

In the first image, there are hashtags and a mix of images (selfie and autumn leaves).

In the second image, emojis are incorporated within the comment, enhancing the written message.

Differences:

Use of Hashtags:

The first image prominently features a hashtag, “#sixpencenonetherichervibes4ever,” which is used creatively to express a unique mood or identity.

The second image does not utilize any hashtags, focusing more on direct motivational messaging.

Content Theme:

The first image is more personal and focuses on seasonal aesthetics, creativity (making demos), and emotional expression.

The second image centers on motivation and personal growth, offering a more professional or inspirational vibe, likely related to mindset coaching.

Visual Elements:

The first image integrates multimedia (selfie, nature photo, and soundwave video) with text, offering a more visually dynamic post.

The second image is purely a comment, relying solely on text and emojis for expression without additional media.

Unique Patterns:

Length and Complexity of Hashtags (First Image): The hashtag in the first image, "#sixpencenonetherichervibes4ever," is unusually long and specific, showing how hashtags can become personal expressions rather than mere organizational tools. This reflects how users creatively blend references to music, moods, and personal identity into one hashtag.

Direct Engagement (Second Image): The second image comes from a comment thread, representing direct engagement between users. It shows a more focused and interactive use of language where someone responds with motivation or agreement.

In conclusion, both images share casual communication styles enhanced by emojis but diverge in content focus, with the first leaning towards personal expression and creativity, and the second offering motivation and professional development messaging. Both patterns are reflective of how social media has influenced and reshaped modern language use.

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autumn is so cutesy 🍁#sixpencenonetherichervibes4ever #i❤️makingdemos pic.twitter.com/oWY8ntN8hA
— beabadoobee (@beabad00bee) October 17, 2024

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Denalia Imelda (98703), Nur Batrisyia Sofiya (100314),Nurul Iman Safiyyah (100665)

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Denalia Imelda (98703), Nur Batrisyia Sofiya (100314),Nurul Iman Safiyyah (100665)

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Yellow and White Doodle Project Infographics

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https://youtu.be/dMCUU3PBZq0?si=u7UdheN-Ls3mEWWm