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Alexander was born in Pella, the capital of the Kingdom of Macedon. He was the son of King Philip II and Queen Olympias. From an early age, Alexander showed signs of greatness and was tutored by the renowned philosopher Aristotle.

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At the young age of 16, Alexander was appointed regent of Macedon while his father was away on campaign. This early responsibility demonstrated Philip's trust in his son's abilities.

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Phillip II defeats the Greek city states to establish control over all of the Greek peninsula. He installs Macedonian control over Corinth, Athens, Thebes et al.

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Following the assassination of his father, Alexander ascended to the throne of Macedon at the age of 20. He quickly consolidated his power and began preparing for his future conquests.

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A rumour had spread that Alexander the Great had died. He marched to Thebes and killed all rebels. Afterward, he enslaved all Thebians to the Greeks. Later, he would come to express his regret at this decision according to the Historian Callisthenes. However, he would never release the Thebians from slavery.

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Alexander began his Asian campaign by crossing the Hellespont (modern-day Dardanelles) with an army of about 48,000 soldiers. This marked the beginning of his epic journey to conquer the Persian Empire.

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In this decisive battle, Alexander defeated the Persian king Darius III, despite being outnumbered. This victory opened the way for the conquest of Phoenicia and Egypt.

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Alexander entered Egypt as a liberator, freeing it from Persian rule. He founded the city of Alexandria, which would become a center of Hellenistic culture and learning for centuries to come.

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In this epic battle, Alexander's forces decisively defeated Darius III's much larger army, effectively ending the Persian Empire. This victory paved the way for Alexander to claim the title of 'King of Asia'.

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327 BCE: Alexander attempts to enforce Prostration.

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327 BCE: Alexander attempts to enforce Prostration.

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Prostration - the practice of laying before a king was a Persian custom that Alexander attempted to enforce upon his greek troops. Greeks believed that they would only do so for a God. As a result, Alexander was deemed by Callisthenes, a historian and eyewitness to Alexander's campaign to have insulted the culture and character of the Greeks under his command.

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Alexander pushed eastward into India, where he fought King Porus at the Battle of the Hydaspes. Although victorious, his troops refused to go further, leading to the army's return westward.

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Alexander died in Babylon at the age of 32, possibly due to illness or poisoning. His untimely death left his vast empire without a clear successor, leading to its eventual fragmentation.

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Following Alexander's death, his generals (the Diadochi) fought for control of his empire. This period of conflict resulted in the division of Alexander's conquests into several Hellenistic kingdoms.

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Alexander the Great conquers Persia | World History | Khan Academy

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Having been away from Greece for over 10 years, Alexander's troops begin to discuss a rebellion against Alexander who was determined to conquer the entire known world.

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The Greatest Speech in History? Alexander the Great and the Opis Mutiny