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We are going to talk about Zaragoza, it's located in Aragon, Spain. There are 694.109 inhabitants. The oficial language of Spain, and so in Zaragoza is the Spanish.

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1. Why is it considered one of the most sustainable cities in Europe? Because of its sustainable infrastructure, low gas emissions and the good quality of the air.

2. the two most outstanding initiatives that are carried out in that city related to sustainability:

Stockholm: wants to reach that the 100% of the boats that transit through the city have renewable fuel to reduce the emissions of C02. They plan to achieve this goal by 2030.
They also want to avoid using fossil fuels in all the factories and industries of the city, this is a difficult project because they would need to have even more renewable sources of energy. This goal is planned to be achieved by 2040.

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Zargoza has been selected by the European comision as one of the 100 climatic neutral cities in Europe. Its' factories doesn't produce to much pollution and most of them are outside of the city petropolitan area.

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The mayor disadvantage of Zaragoza is that it's a city with lot of traffic, it's association as a city of passage. Zaragoza is sustainable, resilient and safe.

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More than 52,000 trees and shrubs have shaped the forest of Zaragoza. It is directed by the Zaragoza city council in collaboration with Fundación Ecodes. They seek the planting of 700,000 trees. There is also a proyect to make the residents to recycle more, this will be boosted fro 2026.

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Amsterdam is the capital city of Netherlands.

It is considerated one of the most eco-friendly cities in the world. There are 900.000 people living there.

The city in 2011 invested 75.000 euros for sustainability and envoironmental pollution.

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They built 500 km of cycle lanes to improve the use of of bikes, focusing on zero emission transport. The city is well connected by trams and the underground that use electrical energy. They also have boats and ferries which use natural gases and sustainable fuel.

The official website of the city gives a lot of advices to the citizens to save energy and to use in a responsible way the resources.

They built a neighbourhood in the outskirts of the city that is efficient because all the energy comes from a system that reuses the wastes, and the houses also have solar pannels. It is particular because it floats onto the water and could be a model of a new city with low to zero ambiental impact, to protect water and the nearest natural environment.

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For two years Amsterdam has decided to change its economic model based on a theory: there can be no economic development if the excessive exploitation of raw materials continues and we do not reduce the avalanche of waste. The administration has set itself a goal: to halve the use of raw materials by 2030 and achieve a circular economy model by 2050.

It's called Amsterdam Circular 2020-2025, explained Rene Koop, head of the Amsterdam Circular 2020-2025 programme: "We have to redesign the way we work, live and consume to reduce waste. As a municipality we are pioneers of the circular economy, but we we realize that we have to collaborate with residents, businesses, but also other cities if we really want to make it happen".

The Municipality has begun to reduce consumption in its own offices by 20%. It has prompted citizens to buy second-hand products and to provide incentives for repair services. The first big leap in the anti-waste policy was to standardize the reuse of building materials also for public procurement, avoiding the automatic ordering of a new supply.

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Oslo, the capital of Norway, is renowned for its exceptional sustainability. There are two primary reasons why Oslo is considered a highly sustainable city: its careful transportation management and its emphasis on clean energy. With an efficient public transportation system and a well-developed network of cycling infrastructure, Oslo promotes sustainable mobility. Furthermore, the city has adopted ambitious measures to reduce carbon emissions, including a renewable energy-focused energy strategy, such as hydropower. Oslo represents an inspiring example for other cities aspiring to a greener future, showcasing how thoughtful urban planning and environmentally friendly initiatives can create a more sustainable and habitable urban environment.

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Oslo is the capital and the most populated city in Norway. It has a population of about 700 000 people and the language they speak is Norwegian. In 2019 it was appointed as the greenest capital in Europe and it won the European Green Capital Award.

Oslo is becoming more sustainable thanks to a plan that goes perfectly along with the 11 ONU goals for sustainable development. The plan consist of building the Oslo Airport City (Oac), the first sustainable city in the world. The city will be built between Oslo Airport Gardermoen and Jessheim, covering an area of ​​about 4 million square meters. Oslo Airport is the most "digital" airport in Europe. Oslo Airport City will in fact host services dedicated to travelers (hotels, shops, restaurants) and services for the resident community (industries, services, green spaces).
The main innovations that are being planned for the city are:

1.  Removing cars. In order to do so they removed 700 parking lots while introducing a toll system. It established that the more  pollution caused by cars the higher  the toll. Most of the town center is closed to traffic and most of the parts that were used by cars have become public gardens, cycle lanes and squares and everyone can use these places.  The only cars that people will be able to use will be electric cars.

2. Using the garbage. People separate different materials in specific bags and then, thanks to different methods, Oslo is able to burn organic waste to use it as a fuel for busses and as an energy for buildings.

3. Zero fossil fuels. All the energy needed by the city will be produced from renewable sources and any surplus energy will be put up for sale. However, it is not yet defined which technologies will be used for energy production. The OAC, therefore, will become the first city in the world that produces more energy than it consumes.