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From 1754-1763, Britain and its colonies were involved in the French and Indian War—the American theater of Europe’s Seven Years' War (1754-63). Britain luckily won the war and he gained control of all the land east of the Mississippi, including Canada. Essence

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From 1754-1763, Britain and its colonies were involved in the French and Indian War—the American theater of Europe’s Seven Years' War (1754-63). Britain luckily won the war and he gained control of all the land east of the Mississippi, including Canada. Essence

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History Kids: Causes of the Revolutionary War

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Outlines some of the key laws, people, and events that led to the American Revolution, such as the Coercive Acts and the French and Indian War, and highlights the role of the Sons of Liberty, Massachusetts, and the First Continental Congress in resisting the laws passed by the British Parliament without the consent of the American Colonists.

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Causes of the Revolutionary War: The Stamp Act

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Explains how the British justified the Stamp Act due to the protection it offered the American Colonies, and reports that the Stamp Act placed a tax on nearly all paper in the American Colonies. The segment also teaches the significance of the phrase “No Taxation without Representation,” and provide…

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Causes of the Revolutionary War: The Boston Tea Party

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Highlights the events surrounding the Tea Act, Townshend Act of 1767, and Boston Tea Party, and discusses the importance of boycotts, protests, and British-enforced monopolies at the onset of the American Revolution. The segment also briefly profiles Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty, and provides a video quiz that is based on the content of the segment.

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Access on-demand teaching strategies, interactive professional development courses, and membership to the Discovery Educator Network-one of the largest professional networks of educators in the world.

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Causes of the Revolutionary War: Intolerable Acts and Continental Congress

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Discusses the intent of the British Parliament's passage of the Coercive Acts (nicknamed the Intolerable Acts), and details the unification and resistance of the American Colonies in response to the British punishment of Boston, Massachusetts. The segment also emphasizes the influence of the Coercive Acts on the formation of the First Continental Congress.

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American Revolution - Causes of the Revolutionary War - Boston Tea Party - Flocabulary

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Learn about the causes of the American Revolution with Flocabulary's educational rap song and lesson plan.

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Newsela | Events Leading to American Independence

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Key events in history that led the English and colonists into war

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Tea, Taxes, and The American Revolution: Crash Course World History #28

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Five Ideas about the American Revolution

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Five Ideas about the American Revolution

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The ideas of “no taxation without representation” and “life, liberty, private property, and the pursuit of happiness” were concepts that saw popularity among the colonists who favored challenging British aggression.

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The Taxation Acts, the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, and the Intolerable Acts were the four main causes that lead to the American Revolution.

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The Taxation Acts, the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, and the Intolerable Acts were the four main causes that lead to the American Revolution.

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Samuel Adams and the radical Sons of Liberty were desperately looking for another Boston Massacre-type event to catalyze American resistance. The Tea Act provided just such an opportunity.When three tea-laden cargo ships landed in Boston Harbor, Sam Adams led a group of 150 colonists dressed as Mohawk Indians to the docks. The men boarded the ships, smashed the crates and dumped tea into the water. By the end of the night, the Boston Tea Party had destroyed $70,000 worth of British tea. It was a powerful message to the British. King George of England took it to be an act of defiance. "The die is now cast," he told his prime minister. "The colonies must either submit or triumph." Essence

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Samuel Adams and the radical Sons of Liberty were desperately looking for another Boston Massacre-type event to catalyze American resistance. The Tea Act provided just such an opportunity.When three tea-laden cargo ships landed in Boston Harbor, Sam Adams led a group of 150 colonists dressed as Mohawk Indians to the docks. The men boarded the ships, smashed the crates and dumped tea into the water. By the end of the night, the Boston Tea Party had destroyed $70,000 worth of British tea. It was a powerful message to the British. King George of England took it to be an act of defiance. "The die is now cast," he told his prime minister. "The colonies must either submit or triumph." Essence

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In order to reach Lexington and Concord, the British had to cross the Charles River. Revere told a church deacon in Boston to watch troop movement. Revere asked the deacon to hang one lantern in the bell tower if the British were coming by land—that is, marching across the Boston Neck peninsula. He asked the deacon to hang two lanterns if they were coming by sea—that is, using the Charles River to cross into Cambridge. Revere and his horse were waiting on the other side of the Charles for the signal.

Late at night on April 18, 1775, the deacon in Boston hung two lanterns from his church. Revere and another rider, William Dawes, saw the sign and sped off on horseback to warn the townspeople. They were later joined by a third rider, Samuel Prescott.

Fun fact: Paul Revere probably didn't shout the legendary phrase, “The British are coming!” He and the other riders had to warn people discreetly that the Redcoats were on the move. Shouting through the towns on horseback would have been too conspicuous. Besides, at the time colonial Americans were still technically British, too.

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The American colonists’ breakup with the British Empire in 1776 wasn’t a sudden, impetuous act. Instead, the banding together of the 13 colonies to fight and win a war of independence against the Crown was the culmination of a series of events, which had begun more than a decade earlier. Escalations began shortly after the end of the French and Indian War—known elsewhere as the Seven Years War in 1763. Here are a few of the pivotal moments that led to the American Revolution.
To recoup some of the massive debt left over from the war with France, Parliament passed laws such as the Stamp Act, which for the first time taxed a wide range of transactions in the colonies.

“Up until then, each colony had its own government which decided which taxes they would have, and collected them,” explains Willard Sterne Randall, a professor emeritus of history at Champlain College and author of numerous works on early American history, including Unshackling America: How the War of 1812 Truly Ended the American Revolution. “They felt that they’d spent a lot of blood and treasure to protect the colonists from the Indians, and so they should pay their share.”

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ESSENCEThe colonies didn't have a standing army. Instead, they relied on local militias and Minutemen, farmers who could grab a musket and assemble in a minute's time. Hearing Revere's call, a group of Minutemen assembled in Lexington to confront the British. The British, also known as redcoats or “lobster-backs” because of the bright red uniforms they wore, were clearly superior in training and numbers.Captain John Parker, the leader of the Minutemen, instructed his troops: "Stand your ground; don't fire unless fired upon, but if they mean to have a war, let it begin here." No one knows who fired the first shot in the Battle of Lexington, but it became known as the "shot heard 'round the world" because of its far-reaching consequences.

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ESSENCEThe colonies didn't have a standing army. Instead, they relied on local militias and Minutemen, farmers who could grab a musket and assemble in a minute's time. Hearing Revere's call, a group of Minutemen assembled in Lexington to confront the British. The British, also known as redcoats or “lobster-backs” because of the bright red uniforms they wore, were clearly superior in training and numbers.Captain John Parker, the leader of the Minutemen, instructed his troops: "Stand your ground; don't fire unless fired upon, but if they mean to have a war, let it begin here." No one knows who fired the first shot in the Battle of Lexington, but it became known as the "shot heard 'round the world" because of its far-reaching consequences.

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Seven Years War (1756-1763) ...Taxes and Duties. ...Boston Massacre (1770) ...Boston Tea Party (1773) ...Intolerable Acts (1774) ...King George III's Speech to Parliament (1775)

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Seven Years War (1756-1763) ...Taxes and Duties. ...Boston Massacre (1770) ...Boston Tea Party (1773) ...Intolerable Acts (1774) ...King George III's Speech to Parliament (1775)

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The British responded to the Boston Tea Party fiercely. They passed the Coercive Acts and the Quebec Act. Together, they became known in the colonies as the Intolerable Acts. These acts severely restricted democracy in Massachusetts, closed Boston Harbor and even established Roman Catholicism as the official religion in Quebec. The British also sent 4,000 more soldiers into Boston to suppress uprisings. Essence

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The British responded to the Boston Tea Party fiercely. They passed the Coercive Acts and the Quebec Act. Together, they became known in the colonies as the Intolerable Acts. These acts severely restricted democracy in Massachusetts, closed Boston Harbor and even established Roman Catholicism as the official religion in Quebec. The British also sent 4,000 more soldiers into Boston to suppress uprisings. Essence

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The American Revolution was an event in the late 18th century in which the 13 British colonies in North America overthrew British rule to establish the United States of America. The major point of contention that led to the Revolution was whether the British government had the right to enact laws, primarily taxation, which was abiding on its American colonies when there was no representation of the people of the colonies in the British Parliament. The most important events that led to the Revolutionary War include the Stamp Act of 1765, the Townshend Acts, the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party and the Intolerable Acts. Radical thinkers like Thomas Paine and secret organizations like the Sons of Liberty also played an important role in stirring up protests against unfair British legislation and in driving the people to fight for their independence from Great Britain. Here are the 10 major causes of the American Revolution.

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The American colonists’ breakup with the British Empire in 1776 wasn’t a sudden, impetuous act. Instead, the banding together of the 13 colonies to fight and win a war of independence against the Crown was the culmination of a series of events, which had begun more than a decade earlier. Escalations began shortly after the end of the French and Indian War—known elsewhere as the Seven Years War in 1763. Here are a few of the pivotal moments that led to the American Revolution

The ideas of “no taxation without representation” and “life, liberty, private property, and the pursuit of happiness” were concepts that saw popularity among the colonists who favored challenging British aggression.

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From 1754-1763, Britain and its colonies were involved in the French and Indian War—the American theater of Europe’s Seven Years' War (1754-63). Britain won the war and gained control of all the land east of the Mississippi, including Canada. But after years of costly war, the British found themselves strangled in war debt. So, they enacted a series of acts to tax the colonies. The colonies protested. But the British ignored colonial interests.In 1770, British soldiers killed five men for throwing rocks and snowballs in the Boston Massacre. Three years after the Boston Massacre, Parliament passed the Tea Act of 1773, which gave the British a monopoly on selling tea to the American colonies. This means the British controlled the tea trade, keeping other competitors from participating. The British monopoly made the price of tea so low that even smugglers couldn't compete.

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From 1754-1763, Britain and its colonies were involved in the French and Indian War—the American theater of Europe’s Seven Years' War (1754-63). Britain won the war and gained control of all the land east of the Mississippi, including Canada. But after years of costly war, the British found themselves strangled in war debt. So, they enacted a series of acts to tax the colonies. The colonies protested. But the British ignored colonial interests.In 1770, British soldiers killed five men for throwing rocks and snowballs in the Boston Massacre. Three years after the Boston Massacre, Parliament passed the Tea Act of 1773, which gave the British a monopoly on selling tea to the American colonies. This means the British controlled the tea trade, keeping other competitors from participating. The British monopoly made the price of tea so low that even smugglers couldn't compete.

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The Age of Enlightenment was an intellectual and philosophical movement that dominated the world of ideas during the 18th century. The Enlightenment writers, such as Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau and the Baron de Montesquieu, came up with revolutionary concepts like social contract, limited government and the consent of the governed. Other radical notions which came to the forefront during the Age of Enlightenment include the concept that all men are created equal, that the king didn’t have the divine right to rule and that a leader may only govern a society if he had the consent of those he governed. Many people who went on to become the leaders of the American Revolution were well versed with these revolutionary concepts and they fought for their rights based upon these teachings. Moreover, American revolutionary writers spurred the people to fight for their rights. The most prominent among these was Thomas Paine, who wrote Common Sense (1776), the most influential pamphlet of the Revolution. Written in a clear and persuasive tone, it aimed to convince the colonists to demand independence from Britain. Common Sense was read or at least known by nearly every rebel and it is proportionally the all-time best-selling American title.

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Samuel Adams and the radical Sons of Liberty were desperately looking for another Boston Massacre-type event to catalyze American resistance. The Tea Act provided just such an opportunity.When three tea-laden cargo ships landed in Boston Harbor, Sam Adams led a group of 150 colonists dressed as Mohawk Indians to the docks. The men boarded the ships, smashed the crates and dumped tea into the water. By the end of the night, the Boston Tea Party had destroyed $70,000 worth of British tea. It was a powerful message to the British. King George of England took it to be an act of defiance. "The die is now cast," he told his prime minister. "The colonies must either submit or triumph."

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Samuel Adams and the radical Sons of Liberty were desperately looking for another Boston Massacre-type event to catalyze American resistance. The Tea Act provided just such an opportunity.When three tea-laden cargo ships landed in Boston Harbor, Sam Adams led a group of 150 colonists dressed as Mohawk Indians to the docks. The men boarded the ships, smashed the crates and dumped tea into the water. By the end of the night, the Boston Tea Party had destroyed $70,000 worth of British tea. It was a powerful message to the British. King George of England took it to be an act of defiance. "The die is now cast," he told his prime minister. "The colonies must either submit or triumph."

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1. The Sons of Liberty were far more radical than the Stamp Act Congress.
2. The American Revolution started in Boston
3. No one knows if the Americans or the British fired the first shot at the American Revolution in the Battle of Lexington in 1775.
4. The movement that became the American Revolution during the late 18th century was led by Massachusetts politician Samuel Adams.
5. The colonists used guerrilla-style tactics to surprise the British and defeated them at the Battle of Concord in 1775

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General Gage was the commander of the British troops in Boston. He heard rumors that the colonists were amassing ammunition and guns in a storehouse in Concord, a small town outside of Boston. Gage also heard that two of the rebel ringleaders—Sam Adams and John Hancock—were hiding in nearby Lexington. Sam Adams had led the Boston Tea Party. Hancock, the richest man in New England before the war, helped organize and fund the rebellion. Gage planned to march out to Lexington and Concord where he would arrest Adams and Hancock and then seize the ammunition. But Paul Revere and the Sons of Liberty expected this move. Revere set up a system of signals that would alert him if the British started to move. Essence

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General Gage was the commander of the British troops in Boston. He heard rumors that the colonists were amassing ammunition and guns in a storehouse in Concord, a small town outside of Boston. Gage also heard that two of the rebel ringleaders—Sam Adams and John Hancock—were hiding in nearby Lexington. Sam Adams had led the Boston Tea Party. Hancock, the richest man in New England before the war, helped organize and fund the rebellion. Gage planned to march out to Lexington and Concord where he would arrest Adams and Hancock and then seize the ammunition. But Paul Revere and the Sons of Liberty expected this move. Revere set up a system of signals that would alert him if the British started to move. Essence

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The colonists fought the British because they wanted to be free from Britain. They fought the British because of unfair taxes. They fought because they didn't have self-government. When the American colonies formed, they were part of Britain. Jameir

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The British responded to the Boston Tea Party fiercely. They passed the Coercive Acts and the Quebec Act. Together, they became known in the colonies as the Intolerable Acts. These acts severely restricted democracy in Massachusetts, closed Boston Harbor and even established Roman Catholicism as the official religion in Quebec. The British also sent 4,000 more soldiers into Boston to suppress uprisings. GABBY

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The British responded to the Boston Tea Party fiercely. They passed the Coercive Acts and the Quebec Act. Together, they became known in the colonies as the Intolerable Acts. These acts severely restricted democracy in Massachusetts, closed Boston Harbor and even established Roman Catholicism as the official religion in Quebec. The British also sent 4,000 more soldiers into Boston to suppress uprisings. GABBY

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General Gage was the commander of the British troops in Boston. He heard rumors that the colonists were amassing ammunition and guns in a storehouse in Concord, a small town outside of Boston. Gage also heard that two of the rebel ringleaders—Sam Adams and John Hancock—were hiding in nearby Lexington. Sam Adams had led the Boston Tea Party. Hancock, the richest man in New England before the war, helped organize and fund the rebellion. Gage planned to march out to Lexington and Concord where he would arrest Adams and Hancock and then seize the ammunition. But Paul Revere and the Sons of Liberty expected this move. Revere set up a system of signals that would alert him if the British started to move.

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General Gage was the commander of the British troops in Boston. He heard rumors that the colonists were amassing ammunition and guns in a storehouse in Concord, a small town outside of Boston. Gage also heard that two of the rebel ringleaders—Sam Adams and John Hancock—were hiding in nearby Lexington. Sam Adams had led the Boston Tea Party. Hancock, the richest man in New England before the war, helped organize and fund the rebellion. Gage planned to march out to Lexington and Concord where he would arrest Adams and Hancock and then seize the ammunition. But Paul Revere and the Sons of Liberty expected this move. Revere set up a system of signals that would alert him if the British started to move.

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In order to reach Lexington and Concord, the British had to cross the Charles River. Revere told a church deacon in Boston to watch troop movement. Revere asked the deacon to hang one lantern in the bell tower if the British were coming by land—that is, marching across the Boston Neck peninsula. He asked the deacon to hang two lanterns if they were coming by sea—that is, using the Charles River to cross into Cambridge. Revere and his horse were waiting on the other side of the Charles for the signa

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In order to reach Lexington and Concord, the British had to cross the Charles River. Revere told a church deacon in Boston to watch troop movement. Revere asked the deacon to hang one lantern in the bell tower if the British were coming by land—that is, marching across the Boston Neck peninsula. He asked the deacon to hang two lanterns if they were coming by sea—that is, using the Charles River to cross into Cambridge. Revere and his horse were waiting on the other side of the Charles for the signa

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Late at night on April 18, 1775, the deacon in Boston hung two lanterns from his church. Revere and another rider, William Dawes, saw the sign and sped off on horseback to warn the townspeople. They were later joined by a third rider, Samuel Prescott.Fun fact: Paul Revere probably didn't shout the legendary phrase, “The British are coming!” He and the other riders had to warn people discreetly that the Redcoats were on the move. Shouting through the towns on horseback would have been too conspicuous. Besides, at the time colonial Americans were still technically British, too.

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Late at night on April 18, 1775, the deacon in Boston hung two lanterns from his church. Revere and another rider, William Dawes, saw the sign and sped off on horseback to warn the townspeople. They were later joined by a third rider, Samuel Prescott.Fun fact: Paul Revere probably didn't shout the legendary phrase, “The British are coming!” He and the other riders had to warn people discreetly that the Redcoats were on the move. Shouting through the towns on horseback would have been too conspicuous. Besides, at the time colonial Americans were still technically British, too.

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To understand the cause of the American Revolution, it is important to understand the nature of the struggle between the British colonies in America and Great Britain. Unlike British colonies in Africa and Asia, there was no notion of racial difference between the Britishers and the white Americans who led the revolt against them. The Americans were not exploited subjects who rose against British oppression, they were instead people who wanted independence from interference of the British government in their matters. In domestic matters, the colonies were largely self-governing albeit the British government could exercise veto over colonial legislation. The colonial legislatures were allowed to levy taxes, muster troops and pass laws. Over time, this gave them a sense of independence from the Crown. Thus, when the British government tried to exercise more control over the colonies, they revolted against such legislation which undermined the freedom and rights they were used to.
Fought between 1756 and 1763, the Seven Years’ War was a conflict between a Britain led coalition and a French led coalition. In America, the French and Indian War happened around the same time pitting the British colonies in America against New France, area colonized by France in America. Prior to this conflict, there was not much friction between Britain and its colonies in America. The colonists in America were protected from foreign invasion by the British military; they paid little taxes and could conduct trade without much interference from the British government. The only major issue were the Navigation Acts, which forbade America to trade directly with foreign nations. Great Britain won the French and Indian War as well as the larger Seven Years’ War. However, this came at a huge cost. The national debt of Britain almost doubled from £74.6 million to £132.6 million. Interests payments on the debt exceeded half of the British Government’s budget. Moreover, Britain decided to place a standing army of 10,000 men in America to oversee its newly acquired territory from France. Britain tried to extract the cost of this standing army as well as lessen its financial burden through new taxation in its Thirteen Colonies in America which led to friction between the two sowing the seeds of the American Revolutionary War.

Though the Stamp Act was repealed, the American Colonies Act 1766, known as the Declaratory Act, came into effect the same day. It declared that British Parliament’s authority in America was same as in Britain and the laws passed by it were binding on the American colonies. Charles Townshend, the Chancellor of the Exchequer in British government, then proposed to implement “external” import taxes instead of internal taxes in America. This led to what are known as the Townshend Acts. These put an indirect tax on various items, including glass, lead, paints, paper and tea, all of which had to be imported from Britain. The Townshend Acts proved equally unpopular and the colonists responded by boycotting all British goods that were subject to taxation and carrying out widespread protests. The British Parliament repealed most of the taxes from the Townshend Acts in March 1770 but the import duty on tea was retained. This was done to demonstrate that the Parliament had the authority to tax the colonies in accordance with the Declaratory Act. The tussle for authority over taxation thus continued steadily worsening the relationship between Britain and its American colonies.

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The American Revolution was an event in the late 18th century in which the 13 British colonies in North America overthrew British rule to establish the United States of America. The major point of contention that led to the Revolution was whether the British government had the right to enact laws, primarily taxation, which was abiding on its American colonies when there was no representation of the people of the colonies in the British Parliament. The most important events that led to the Revolutionary War include the Stamp Act of 1765, the Townshend Acts, the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party and the Intolerable Acts. Radical thinkers like Thomas Paine and secret organizations like the Sons of Liberty also played an important role in stirring up protests against unfair British legislation and in driving the people to fight for their independence from Great Britain. Here are the 10 major causes of the American Revolution.

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In March 1765, in keeping with the British intent on making Americans share their financial burden, the British Parliament passed the Stamp Act of 1765. This was the first time that Britain had imposed direct taxes on the colonies. The Act required that many printed documents including legal documents, magazines, newspapers and even playing cards, had to be produced on stamped paper made in London, carrying an embossed revenue stamp. The colonists protested to the taxes, not because they were high, but due to the fact that they were being taxed by a British Parliament to which they elected no representatives. This grievance of “no taxation without representation” was one of the focal points of dissent between the colonists and the Britishers. The colonists stated that any laws concerning them that were passed in the British Parliament were illegal under the English Bill of Rights 1689 as they didn’t have any representation in the body. Thus this, according to them, was a denial of their rights as Englishmen, the rights they had previously enjoyed in England. Due to widespread protest of the colonists, the Stamp Act was repealed on March 18, 1766 by King George III after a resolution regarding the same was passed by a vote of 276–168 in the British Parliament.

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The colonies didn't have a standing army. Instead, they relied on local militias and Minutemen, farmers who could grab a musket and assemble in a minute's time. Hearing Revere's call, a group of Minutemen assembled in Lexington to confront the British. The British, also known as redcoats or “lobster-backs” because of the bright red uniforms they wore, were clearly superior in training and numbers.Captain John Parker, the leader of the Minutemen, instructed his troops: "Stand your ground; don't fire unless fired upon, but if they mean to have a war, let it begin here." No one knows who fired the first shot in the Battle of Lexington, but it became known as the "shot heard 'round the world" because of its far-reaching consequences.

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The colonies didn't have a standing army. Instead, they relied on local militias and Minutemen, farmers who could grab a musket and assemble in a minute's time. Hearing Revere's call, a group of Minutemen assembled in Lexington to confront the British. The British, also known as redcoats or “lobster-backs” because of the bright red uniforms they wore, were clearly superior in training and numbers.Captain John Parker, the leader of the Minutemen, instructed his troops: "Stand your ground; don't fire unless fired upon, but if they mean to have a war, let it begin here." No one knows who fired the first shot in the Battle of Lexington, but it became known as the "shot heard 'round the world" because of its far-reaching consequences.

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Somehow, the rag-tag bunch of Lexington Minutemen weren't able to kill even a single British soldier, despite the fact that the British lined up in a straight line to fire and were wearing bright red coats. The British moved on to Concord, expecting another easy battle. In Concord, however, hundreds of Minutemen took position behind stone walls, houses, barns and trees, in a kind of primitive guerrilla fighting style. The British were sitting ducks: they took fire from Minutemen snipers hidden in trees and behind houses. The vulnerable British troops retreated to Boston. By the end of the first day of the Revolutionary War, the British counted 73 dead and 174 wounded.

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Somehow, the rag-tag bunch of Lexington Minutemen weren't able to kill even a single British soldier, despite the fact that the British lined up in a straight line to fire and were wearing bright red coats. The British moved on to Concord, expecting another easy battle. In Concord, however, hundreds of Minutemen took position behind stone walls, houses, barns and trees, in a kind of primitive guerrilla fighting style. The British were sitting ducks: they took fire from Minutemen snipers hidden in trees and behind houses. The vulnerable British troops retreated to Boston. By the end of the first day of the Revolutionary War, the British counted 73 dead and 174 wounded.

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The Revolutionary War picked up quickly after the Battles of Lexington and Concord. A series of battles, including the Battle of Bunker Hill, helped the rebel cause. The British took a heavy beating before winning the hill. In May 1775, the Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia. Congress named George Washington from Virginia as commander in chief of the newly formed American Continental Army. The army was not a professional force, but a bunch of farmers who had little to no experience fighting in wars. Washington himself described the army as "excessively dirty." In the next year, support for American independence grew. This was due in part to Thomas Paine's influential pamphlet called Common Sense, which argued persuasively for independence.

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The Revolutionary War picked up quickly after the Battles of Lexington and Concord. A series of battles, including the Battle of Bunker Hill, helped the rebel cause. The British took a heavy beating before winning the hill. In May 1775, the Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia. Congress named George Washington from Virginia as commander in chief of the newly formed American Continental Army. The army was not a professional force, but a bunch of farmers who had little to no experience fighting in wars. Washington himself described the army as "excessively dirty." In the next year, support for American independence grew. This was due in part to Thomas Paine's influential pamphlet called Common Sense, which argued persuasively for independence.

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The American Revolution was an epic political and military struggle waged between 1765 and 1783 when 13 of Britain's North American colonies rejected its imperial rule. The protest began in opposition to taxes levied without colonial representation by the British monarchy and Parliament.

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The American Revolution was an epic political and military struggle waged between 1765 and 1783 when 13 of Britain's North American colonies rejected its imperial rule. The protest began in opposition to taxes levied without colonial representation by the British monarchy and Parliament.

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To understand the cause of the American Revolution, it is important to understand the nature of the struggle between the British colonies in America and Great Britain. Unlike British colonies in Africa and Asia, there was no notion of racial difference between the Britishers and the white Americans who led the revolt against them. The Americans were not exploited subjects who rose against British oppression, they were instead people who wanted independence from interference of the British government in their matters. In domestic matters, the colonies were largely self-governing albeit the British government could exercise veto over colonial legislation. The colonial legislatures were allowed to levy taxes, muster troops and pass laws. Over time, this gave them a sense of independence from the Crown. Thus, when the British government tried to exercise more control over the colonies, they revolted against such legislation which undermined the freedom and rights they were used to.

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On June 10, 1768, in Boston, Massachusetts, British custom officials seized HMS Liberty, a sailing boat, for alleged smuggling. This resulted in a riot due to which the custom officials were forced to flee. This, in turn, led to the 14th and 29th regiments of the British army being stationed at Boston to support crown-appointed officials. The presence of these troops further increased the already rising tensions in Boston. On March 5, 1770, after an altercation with an apprentice of a wig-maker, a British Private Hugh White was surrounded by Bostonians. Seven British soldiers with bayonets then moved through the crowd to rescue White. They became surrounded by a crowd of around 200 Bostonians, who threw snowballs, oyster shells and debris at them; and dared them to shoot. In the confusion, the British soldiers fired at the crowd even though they weren’t ordered to do so. This resulted in 11 people being hit; three died on the spot while two were mortally wounded. This event became known as the Boston Massacre. Six of the eight soldiers were acquitted while the other two were given reduced sentences. The Boston Massacre is regarded as one of the most important causes of the American Revolution as it decisively turned colonial sentiment against King George III and British Parliamentary authority.

On May 10, 1773, the Tea Act was enforced by the British Parliament to aid the financially struggling British East India Company. The Act allowed the Company to sell tea in American colonies without paying taxes except the import duty under the Townshend Acts. More than 80% of the tea consumed in America at the time was smuggled Dutch tea and the Act thus adversely affected American merchants who imported tea from the Dutch. The colonists held demonstrations against the Act and mobilized opposition to delivery of the tea. Ships carrying East India Company tea were sent to Boston, New York, Philadelphia and Charleston. Apart from Boston, the protesters in the other three colonies prevented the tea from being landed. However, Thomas Hutchinson, the Royal Governor in Boston, refused to give in to the pressure. On December 16, 1773, a group of men led by Samuel Adams, some disguised as Native Americans, boarded the East India Company ships and dumped all 342 chests of tea, worth £10,000, into into the Boston Harbor. The event became known as the Boston Tea Party and it was a major incident leading to the American Revolutionary War. It thus became an iconic event of American history.

In response to the Boston Tea Party, the British government enforced four Acts to punish the Massachusetts colonists. These became known as the Intolerable Acts in America. The first was Boston Port Act, which closed the port of Boston until the colonists paid for the destroyed tea. The second was the Massachusetts Government Act, which altered the Massachusetts charter bringing it under the control of the British government and forbade town meetings without approval. The third was the Administration of Justice Act, which allowed royal officials to be tried back in Great Britain if they were accused of crimes committed in Massachusetts. The last and the most controversial Act was the Quartering Act which applied to all colonies. It allowed a governor to house soldiers in unoccupied houses and buildings in towns. Though the colonists were not forced to board troops in their homes as suggested by some, they were to pay for the expense of housing and feeding the soldiers. The colonies saw these Acts as violation of their constitutional rights and perceived them as a threat to the liberties of British America. The Acts thus fueled hatred towards Great Britain and brought the colonies together in support of Massachusetts.

To respond to the Intolerable Acts, 56 delegates from 12 of the 13 colonies met from September 5 to October 26, 1774 at Carpenters’ Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The First Continental Congress was thus formed. After much debate, it decided that the colonies would boycott all British goods beginning on December 1, 1774 unless the Intolerable Acts were repealed by the British parliament. It was further agreed that if their demand was not met, all exports from the colonies to Britain would be stopped after September 10, 1775. The First Continental Congress also sent a petition to King George III outlining the grievances of the colonies to the King and asking for repeal of the Intolerable Acts. The petition to the King indicates that the colonies were still willing to reconcile with Britain. However, it was ignored and instead, in February 1775, Massachusetts was declared in a state of rebellion. On April 19, 1775, the Battles of Lexington and Concord took place initiating the American Revolutionary War. The colonists made one last effort to avoid war with Britain through the Olive Branch Petition, which affirmed American loyalty to Great Britain and beseeched King George III to prevent further conflict. Instead, King George III issued a Proclamation of Rebellion which stated that the colonies were “in rebellion” and the members of Congress were traitors.

Olive Branch Petition
Signature page of the Olive Branch Petition
#10 SONS OF LIBERTY
The Sons of Liberty was a secret organization which played a key role in stirring up the people in the colonies to revolt against the Britishers. The group was formed to fight taxation imposed by the British government, primarily the Stamp Act of 1765. Among other things, the group used tactics of fear; force; intimidation; and violence such as tar and feathering. They also stockpiled arms and gun powder. They played a part in the repeal of the Stamp Act in 1766 by organizing protests and through intimidation of British officials. After the Act was repealed, they disbanded as their primary purpose had been achieved. However, the passage of the Townshend Acts two years later led to the revival of the group. The group then carried out their most famous contribution toward the Revolution by orchestrating the Boston Tea Party on December 16, 1773, one of the most significant events that led to the American Revolution. The Sons of Liberty continued to be active until the Revolutionary War ended in 1783. The most famous members of the group include Samuel Adams, Paul Revere, Patrick Henry, John Hancock and Benjamin Rush.

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The Sons of Liberty was a secret organization which played a key role in stirring up the people in the colonies to revolt against the Britishers. The group was formed to fight taxation imposed by the British government, primarily the Stamp Act of 1765. Among other things, the group used tactics of fear; force; intimidation; and violence such as tar and feathering. They also stockpiled arms and gun powder. They played a part in the repeal of the Stamp Act in 1766 by organizing protests and through intimidation of British officials. After the Act was repealed, they disbanded as their primary purpose had been achieved. However, the passage of the Townshend Acts two years later led to the revival of the group. The group then carried out their most famous contribution toward the Revolution by orchestrating the Boston Tea Party on December 16, 1773, one of the most significant events that led to the American Revolution. The Sons of Liberty continued to be active until the Revolutionary War ended in 1783. The most famous members of the group include Samuel Adams, Paul Revere, Patrick Henry, John Hancock and Benjamin Rush.

The Sons of Liberty was a secret organization which played a key role in stirring up the people in the colonies to revolt against the Britishers. The group was formed to fight taxation imposed by the British government, primarily the Stamp Act of 1765. Among other things, the group used tactics of fear; force; intimidation; and violence such as tar and feathering. They also stockpiled arms and gun powder. They played a part in the repeal of the Stamp Act in 1766 by organizing protests and through intimidation of British officials. After the Act was repealed, they disbanded as their primary purpose had been achieved. However, the passage of the Townshend Acts two years later led to the revival of the group. The group then carried out their most famous contribution toward the Revolution by orchestrating the Boston Tea Party on December 16, 1773, one of the most significant events that led to the American Revolution. The Sons of Liberty continued to be active until the Revolutionary War ended in 1783. The most famous members of the group include Samuel Adams, Paul Revere, Patrick Henry, John Hancock and Benjamin Rush.

# data[].attributes.body
Fought between 1756 and 1763, the Seven Years’ War was a conflict between a Britain led coalition and a French led coalition. In America, the French and Indian War happened around the same time pitting the British colonies in America against New France, area colonized by France in America. Prior to this conflict, there was not much friction between Britain and its colonies in America. The colonists in America were protected from foreign invasion by the British military; they paid little taxes and could conduct trade without much interference from the British government. The only major issue were the Navigation Acts, which forbade America to trade directly with foreign nations. Great Britain won the French and Indian War as well as the larger Seven Years’ War. However, this came at a huge cost. The national debt of Britain almost doubled from £74.6 million to £132.6 million. Interests payments on the debt exceeded half of the British Government’s budget. Moreover, Britain decided to place a standing army of 10,000 men in America to oversee its newly acquired territory from France. Britain tried to extract the cost of this standing army as well as lessen its financial burden through new taxation in its Thirteen Colonies in America which led to friction between the two sowing the seeds of the American Revolutionary War.

# data[].attributes.body
The Age of Enlightenment was an intellectual and philosophical movement that dominated the world of ideas during the 18th century. The Enlightenment writers, such as Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau and the Baron de Montesquieu, came up with revolutionary concepts like social contract, limited government and the consent of the governed. Other radical notions which came to the forefront during the Age of Enlightenment include the concept that all men are created equal, that the king didn’t have the divine right to rule and that a leader may only govern a society if he had the consent of those he governed. Many people who went on to become the leaders of the American Revolution were well versed with these revolutionary concepts and they fought for their rights based upon these teachings. Moreover, American revolutionary writers spurred the people to fight for their rights. The most prominent among these was Thomas Paine, who wrote Common Sense (1776), the most influential pamphlet of the Revolution. Written in a clear and persuasive tone, it aimed to convince the colonists to demand independence from Britain. Common Sense was read or at least known by nearly every rebel and it is proportionally the all-time best-selling American title.

To understand the cause of the American Revolution, it is important to understand the nature of the struggle between the British colonies in America and Great Britain. Unlike British colonies in Africa and Asia, there was no notion of racial difference between the Britishers and the white Americans who led the revolt against them. The Americans were not exploited subjects who rose against British oppression, they were instead people who wanted independence from interference of the British government in their matters. In domestic matters, the colonies were largely self-governing albeit the British government could exercise veto over colonial legislation. The colonial legislatures were allowed to levy taxes, muster troops and pass laws. Over time, this gave them a sense of independence from the Crown. Thus, when the British government tried to exercise more control over the colonies, they revolted against such legislation which undermined the freedom and rights they were used to.

# data[].attributes.headline
it was a late dark night in Boston harbor pitch black and white. fog hung around the water this was the winter of 1773 and the British had a monopoly sale on tea thank to the tea they sent a message to show George just at all quiet like ben franklin's library than some people creeping out of their houses quietly dressed like mohawk Indians there were many men.  

# data[].attributes.subject
it was a late dark night in Boston harbor pitch black and white. fog hung around the water this was the winter of 1773 and the British had a monopoly sale on tea thank to the tea they sent a message to show George just at all quiet like ben franklin's library than some people creeping out of their houses quietly dressed like mohawk Indians there were many men.  

# data[].attributes.body
commander of the British troops in Boston. He heard rumors that the colonists were amassing ammunition and guns in a storehouse in Concord, a small town outside of Boston. Gage also heard that two of the rebel ringleaders—Sam Adams and John Hancock—were hiding in nearby Lexington. Sam Adams had led the Boston Tea Party. Hancock, the richest man in New England before the war, helped organize and fund the rebellion. Gage planned to march out to Lexington and Concord where he would arrest Adams and Hancock and then seize the ammunition. But Paul Revere and the Sons of Liberty expected this move. Revere set up a system of signals that would alert him if the British started to move.

# data[].attributes.body
Historians have identified several causes for the Industrial Revolution, including: the emergence of capitalism, European imperialism, efforts to mine coal, and the effects of the Agricultural Revolution.Jun 15, 2017
The American Revolution was an event in the late 18th century in which the 13 British colonies in North America overthrew British rule to establish the United States of America. The major point of contention that led to the Revolution was whether the British government had the right to enact laws, primarily taxation, which was abiding on its American colonies when there was no representation of the people of the colonies in the British Parliament. The most important events that led to the Revolutionary War include the Stamp Act of 1765, the Townshend Acts, the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party and the Intolerable Acts. Radical thinkers like Thomas Paine and secret organizations like the Sons of Liberty also played an important role in stirring up protests against unfair British legislation and in driving the people to fight for their independence from Great Britain. Here are the 10 major causes of the American Revolution.

To understand the cause of the American Revolution, it is important to understand the nature of the struggle between the British colonies in America and Great Britain. Unlike British colonies in Africa and Asia, there was no notion of racial difference between the Britishers and the white Americans who led the revolt against them. The Americans were not exploited subjects who rose against British oppression, they were instead people who wanted independence from interference of the British government in their matters. In domestic matters, the colonies were largely self-governing albeit the British government could exercise veto over colonial legislation. The colonial legislatures were allowed to levy taxes, muster troops and pass laws. Over time, this gave them a sense of independence from the Crown. Thus, when the British government tried to exercise more control over the colonies, they revolted against such legislation which undermined the freedom and rights they were used to.

To understand the cause of the American Revolution, it is important to understand the nature of the struggle between the British colonies in America and Great Britain. Unlike British colonies in Africa and Asia, there was no notion of racial difference between the Britishers and the white Americans who led the revolt against them. The Americans were not exploited subjects who rose against British oppression, they were instead people who wanted independence from interference of the British government in their matters. In domestic matters, the colonies were largely self-governing albeit the British government could exercise veto over colonial legislation. The colonial legislatures were allowed to levy taxes, muster troops and pass laws. Over time, this gave them a sense of independence from the Crown. Thus, when the British government tried to exercise more control over the colonies, they revolted against such legislation which undermined the freedom and rights they were used to.

# data[].attributes.headline
Seven Years War (1756-1763) ...Taxes and Duties. ...Boston Massacre (1770) ...Boston Tea Party (1773) ...Intolerable Acts (1774) ...King George III's Speech to Parliament (1775) khadja

# data[].attributes.subject
Seven Years War (1756-1763) ...Taxes and Duties. ...Boston Massacre (1770) ...Boston Tea Party (1773) ...Intolerable Acts (1774) ...King George III's Speech to Parliament (1775) khadja

# data[].attributes.body
Historians have identified several causes for the Industrial Revolution, including: the emergence of capitalism, European imperialism, efforts to mine coal, and the effects of the Agricultural Revolution.Jun 15, 2017
The American Revolution was an event in the late 18th century in which the 13 British colonies in North America overthrew British rule to establish the United States of America. The major point of contention that led to the Revolution was whether the British government had the right to enact laws, primarily taxation, which was abiding on its American colonies when there was no representation of the people of the colonies in the British Parliament. The most important events that led to the Revolutionary War include the Stamp Act of 1765, the Townshend Acts, the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party and the Intolerable Acts. Radical thinkers like Thomas Paine and secret organizations like the Sons of Liberty also played an important role in stirring up protests against unfair British legislation and in driving the people to fight for their independence from Great Britain. Here are the 10 major causes of the American Revolution.

To understand the cause of the American Revolution, it is important to understand the nature of the struggle between the British colonies in America and Great Britain. Unlike British colonies in Africa and Asia, there was no notion of racial difference between the Britishers and the white Americans who led the revolt against them. The Americans were not exploited subjects who rose against British oppression, they were instead people who wanted independence from interference of the British government in their matters. In domestic matters, the colonies were largely self-governing albeit the British government could exercise veto over colonial legislation. The colonial legislatures were allowed to levy taxes, muster troops and pass laws. Over time, this gave them a sense of independence from the Crown. Thus, when the British government tried to exercise more control over the colonies, they revolted against such legislation which undermined the freedom and rights they were used to.

To understand the cause of the American Revolution, it is important to understand the nature of the struggle between the British colonies in America and Great Britain. Unlike British colonies in Africa and Asia, there was no notion of racial difference between the Britishers and the white Americans who led the revolt against them. The Americans were not exploited subjects who rose against British oppression, they were instead people who wanted independence from interference of the British government in their matters. In domestic matters, the colonies were largely self-governing albeit the British government could exercise veto over colonial legislation. The colonial legislatures were allowed to levy taxes, muster troops and pass laws. Over time, this gave them a sense of independence from the Crown. Thus, when the British government tried to exercise more control over the colonies, they revolted against such legislation which undermined the freedom and rights they were used to.

# data[].attributes.headline
how, the rag-tag bunch of Lexington Minutemen weren't able to kill even a single British soldier, despite the fact that the British lined up in a straight line to fire and were wearing bright red coats. The British moved on to Concord, expecting another easy battle. In Concord, however, hundreds of Minutemen took position behind stone walls, houses, barns and trees, in a kind of primitive guerrilla fighting style. The British were sitting ducks: they took fire from Minutemen snipers hidden in trees and behind houses. The vulnerable British troops retreated to Boston. By the end of the first day of the Revolutionary War, the British counted 73 dead and 174 wounded

# data[].attributes.subject
how, the rag-tag bunch of Lexington Minutemen weren't able to kill even a single British soldier, despite the fact that the British lined up in a straight line to fire and were wearing bright red coats. The British moved on to Concord, expecting another easy battle. In Concord, however, hundreds of Minutemen took position behind stone walls, houses, barns and trees, in a kind of primitive guerrilla fighting style. The British were sitting ducks: they took fire from Minutemen snipers hidden in trees and behind houses. The vulnerable British troops retreated to Boston. By the end of the first day of the Revolutionary War, the British counted 73 dead and 174 wounded

# data[].attributes.body
Late at night on April 18, 1775, the deacon in Boston hung two lanterns from his church. Revere and another rider, William Dawes, saw the sign and sped off on horseback to warn the townspeople. They were later joined by a third rider, Samuel Prescott.Fun fact: Paul Revere probably didn't shout the legendary phrase, “The British are coming!” He and the other riders had to warn people discreetly that the Redcoats were on the move. Shouting through the towns on horseback would have been too conspicuous. Besides, at the time colonial Americans were still technically British, to

# data[].attributes.body
ms and the radical Sons of Liberty were desperately looking for another Boston Massacre-type event to catalyze American resistance. The Tea Act provided just such an opportunity.When three tea-laden cargo ships landed in Boston Harbor, Sam Adams led a group of 150 colonists dressed as Mohawk Indians to the docks. The men boarded the ships, smashed the crates and dumped tea into the water. By the end of the night, the Boston Tea Party had destroyed $70,000 worth of British tea. It was a powerful message to the British. King George of England took it to be an act of defiance. "The die is now cast," he told his prime minister. "The colonies must either submit or triumph." Essence
ESSENCE
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Anonymous
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ESSENCE
In order to reach Lexington and Concord, the British had to cross the Charles River. Revere told a church deacon in Boston to watch troop movement. Revere asked the deacon to hang one lantern in the bell tower if the British were coming by land—that is, marching across the Boston Neck peninsula. He asked the deacon to hang two lanterns if they were coming by sea—that is, using the Charles River to cross into Cambridge. Revere and his horse were waiting on the other side of the Charles for the signal.

Late at night on April 18, 1775, the deacon in Boston hung two lanterns from his church. Revere and another rider, William Dawes, saw the sign and sped off on horseback to warn the townspeople. They were later joined by a third rider, Samuel Prescott.

Fun fact: Paul Revere probably didn't shout the legendary phrase, “The British are coming!” He and the other riders had to warn people discreetly that the Redcoats were on the move. Shouting through the towns on horseback would have been too conspicuous. Besides, at the time colonial Americans were still technically British, too.

The American colonis
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DONYAE WASHINGTON
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The American colonists’ breakup with the British Empire in 1776 wasn’t a sudden, impetuous act. Instead, the banding together of the 13 colonies to fight and win a war of independence against the Crown was the culmination of a series of events, which had begun more than a decade earlier. Escalations began shortly after the end of the French and Indian War—known elsewhere as the Seven Years War in 1763. Here are a few of the pivotal moments that led to the American Revolution.
To recoup some of the massive debt left over from the war with France, Parliament passed laws such as the Stamp Act, which for the first time taxed a wide range of transactions in the colonies.

“Up until then, each colony had its own government which decided which taxes they would have, and collected them,” explains Willard Sterne Randall, a professor emeritus of history at Champlain College and author of numerous works on early American history, including Unshackling America: How the War of 1812 Truly Ended the American Revolution. “They felt that they’d spent a lot of blood and treasure to protect the colonists from the Indians, and so they should pay their share.”

Seven Years War (1756-1763) ...Taxes and Duties. ...Boston Massacre (1770) ...Boston Tea Party (1773) ...Intolerable Acts (1774) ...King George III's Speech to Parliament (1775)
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GABRIANNA SPAIN
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Seven Years War (1756-1763) ...Taxes and Duties. ...Boston Massacre (1770) ...Boston Tea Party (1773) ...Intolerable Acts (1774) ...King George III's Speech to Parliament (1775)
The British responded to the Boston Tea Party fiercely. They passed the Coercive Acts and the Quebec Act. Together, they became known in the colonies as the Intolerable Acts. These acts severely restricted democracy in Massachusetts, closed Boston Harbor and even established Roman Catholicism as the official religion in Quebec. The British also sent 4,000 more soldiers into Boston to suppress uprisings. Essence
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Anonymous
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The British responded to the Boston Tea Party fiercely. They passed the Coercive Acts and the Quebec Act. Together, they became known in the colonies as the Intolerable Acts. These acts severely restricted democracy in Massachusetts, closed Boston Harbor and even established Roman Catholicism as the official religion in Quebec. The British also sent 4,000 more soldiers into Boston to suppress uprisings. Essence
The American Rev
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DONYAE WASHINGTON
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The American Revolution was an event in the late 18th century in which the 13 British colonies in North America overthrew British rule to establish the United States of America. The major point of contention that led to the Revolution was whether the British government had the right to enact laws, primarily taxation, which was abiding on its American colonies when there was no representation of the people of the colonies in the British Parliament. The most important events that led to the Revolutionary War include the Stamp Act of 1765, the Townshend Acts, the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party and the Intolerable Acts. Radical thinkers like Thomas Paine and secret organizations like the Sons of Liberty also played an important role in stirring up protests against unfair British legislation and in driving the people to fight for their independence from Great Britain. Here are the 10 major causes of the American Revolution.

The American col
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Anonymous
1m

The American colonists’ breakup with the British Empire in 1776 wasn’t a sudden, impetuous act. Instead, the banding together of the 13 colonies to fight and win a war of independence against the Crown was the culmination of a series of events, which had begun more than a decade earlier. Escalations began shortly after the end of the French and Indian War—known elsewhere as the Seven Years War in 1763. Here are a few of the pivotal moments that led to the American Revolution

The ideas of “no taxation without representation” and “life, liberty, private property, and the pursuit of happiness” were concepts that saw popularity among the colonists who favored challenging British aggression.

From 1754-1763, Britain and its colonies were involved in the French and Indian War—the American theater of Europe’s Seven Years' War (1754-63). Britain won the war and gained control of all the land east of the Mississippi, including Canada. But after years of costly war, the British found themselves strangled in war debt. So, they enacted a series of acts to tax the colonies. The colonies protested. But the British ignored colonial interests.In 1770, British soldiers killed five men for throwing rocks and snowballs in the Boston Massacre. Three years after the Boston Massacre, Parliament passed the Tea Act of 1773, which gave the British a monopoly on selling tea to the American colonies. This means the British controlled the tea trade, keeping other competitors from participating. The British monopoly made the price of tea so low that even smugglers couldn't compete.
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GABRIANNA SPAIN
5m
From 1754-1763, Britain and its colonies were involved in the French and Indian War—the American theater of Europe’s Seven Years' War (1754-63). Britain won the war and gained control of all the land east of the Mississippi, including Canada. But after years of costly war, the British found themselves strangled in war debt. So, they enacted a series of acts to tax the colonies. The colonies protested. But the British ignored colonial interests.In 1770, British soldiers killed five men for throwing rocks and snowballs in the Boston Massacre. Three years after the Boston Massacre, Parliament passed the Tea Act of 1773, which gave the British a monopoly on selling tea to the American colonies. This means the British controlled the tea trade, keeping other competitors from participating. The British monopoly made the price of tea so low that even smugglers couldn't compete.
The Age of Enlightenment
Avatar of DONYAE WASHINGTON
DONYAE WASHINGTON
5m
The Age of Enlightenment was an intellectual and philosophical movement that dominated the world of ideas during the 18th century. The Enlightenment writers, such as Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau and the Baron de Montesquieu, came up with revolutionary concepts like social contract, limited government and the consent of the governed. Other radical notions which came to the forefront during the Age of Enlightenment include the concept that all men are created equal, that the king didn’t have the divine right to rule and that a leader may only govern a society if he had the consent of those he governed. Many people who went on to become the leaders of the American Revolution were well versed with these revolutionary concepts and they fought for their rights based upon these teachings. Moreover, American revolutionary writers spurred the people to fight for their rights. The most prominent among these was Thomas Paine, who wrote Common Sense (1776), the most influential pamphlet of the Revolution. Written in a clear and persuasive tone, it aimed to convince the colonists to demand independence from Britain. Common Sense was read or at least known by nearly every rebel and it is proportionally the all-time best-selling American title.

Samuel Adams and the radical Sons of Liberty were desperately looking for another Boston Massacre-type event to catalyze American resistance. The Tea Act provided just such an opportunity.When three tea-laden cargo ships landed in Boston Harbor, Sam Adams led a group of 150 colonists dressed as Mohawk Indians to the docks. The men boarded the ships, smashed the crates and dumped tea into the water. By the end of the night, the Boston Tea Party had destroyed $70,000 worth of British tea. It was a powerful message to the British. King George of England took it to be an act of defiance. "The die is now cast," he told his prime minister. "The colonies must either submit or triumph."
Avatar of GABRIANNA SPAIN
GABRIANNA SPAIN
5m
Samuel Adams and the radical Sons of Liberty were desperately looking for another Boston Massacre-type event to catalyze American resistance. The Tea Act provided just such an opportunity.When three tea-laden cargo ships landed in Boston Harbor, Sam Adams led a group of 150 colonists dressed as Mohawk Indians to the docks. The men boarded the ships, smashed the crates and dumped tea into the water. By the end of the night, the Boston Tea Party had destroyed $70,000 worth of British tea. It was a powerful message to the British. King George of England took it to be an act of defiance. "The die is now cast," he told his prime minister. "The colonies must either submit or triumph."
ALAYNA GREEN
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ALAYNA GREEN
1. The Sons of Liberty were far more radical than the Stamp Act Congress.
2. The American Revolution started in Boston
3. No one knows if the Americans or the British fired the first shot at the American Revolution in the Battle of Lexington in 1775.
4. The movement that became the American Revolution during the late 18th century was led by Massachusetts politician Samuel Adams.
5. The colonists used guerrilla-style tactics to surprise the British and defeated them at the Battle of Concord in 1775

General Gage was the commander of the British troops in Boston. He heard rumors that the colonists were amassing ammunition and guns in a storehouse in Concord, a small town outside of Boston. Gage also heard that two of the rebel ringleaders—Sam Adams and John Hancock—were hiding in nearby Lexington. Sam Adams had led the Boston Tea Party. Hancock, the richest man in New England before the war, helped organize and fund the rebellion. Gage planned to march out to Lexington and Concord where he would arrest Adams and Hancock and then seize the ammunition. But Paul Revere and the Sons of Liberty expected this move. Revere set up a system of signals that would alert him if the British started to move. Essence
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Anonymous
1m
General Gage was the commander of the British troops in Boston. He heard rumors that the colonists were amassing ammunition and guns in a storehouse in Concord, a small town outside of Boston. Gage also heard that two of the rebel ringleaders—Sam Adams and John Hancock—were hiding in nearby Lexington. Sam Adams had led the Boston Tea Party. Hancock, the richest man in New England before the war, helped organize and fund the rebellion. Gage planned to march out to Lexington and Concord where he would arrest Adams and Hancock and then seize the ammunition. But Paul Revere and the Sons of Liberty expected this move. Revere set up a system of signals that would alert him if the British started to move. Essence
The colonists fo
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JAMEIR SELLERS
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The colonists fought the British because they wanted to be free from Britain. They fought the British because of unfair taxes. They fought because they didn't have self-government. When the American colonies formed, they were part of Britain. Jameir

The British responded to the Boston Tea Party fiercely. They passed the Coercive Acts and the Quebec Act. Together, they became known in the colonies as the Intolerable Acts. These acts severely restricted democracy in Massachusetts, closed Boston Harbor and even established Roman Catholicism as the official religion in Quebec. The British also sent 4,000 more soldiers into Boston to suppress uprisings. GABBY
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The British responded to the Boston Tea Party fiercely. They passed the Coercive Acts and the Quebec Act. Together, they became known in the colonies as the Intolerable Acts. These acts severely restricted democracy in Massachusetts, closed Boston Harbor and even established Roman Catholicism as the official religion in Quebec. The British also sent 4,000 more soldiers into Boston to suppress uprisings. GABBY
General Gage was the commander of the British troops in Boston. He heard rumors that the colonists were amassing ammunition and guns in a storehouse in Concord, a small town outside of Boston. Gage also heard that two of the rebel ringleaders—Sam Adams and John Hancock—were hiding in nearby Lexington. Sam Adams had led the Boston Tea Party. Hancock, the richest man in New England before the war, helped organize and fund the rebellion. Gage planned to march out to Lexington and Concord where he would arrest Adams and Hancock and then seize the ammunition. But Paul Revere and the Sons of Liberty expected this move. Revere set up a system of signals that would alert him if the British started to move.
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General Gage was the commander of the British troops in Boston. He heard rumors that the colonists were amassing ammunition and guns in a storehouse in Concord, a small town outside of Boston. Gage also heard that two of the rebel ringleaders—Sam Adams and John Hancock—were hiding in nearby Lexington. Sam Adams had led the Boston Tea Party. Hancock, the richest man in New England before the war, helped organize and fund the rebellion. Gage planned to march out to Lexington and Concord where he would arrest Adams and Hancock and then seize the ammunition. But Paul Revere and the Sons of Liberty expected this move. Revere set up a system of signals that would alert him if the British started to move.
In order to reach Lexington and Concord, the British had to cross the Charles River. Revere told a church deacon in Boston to watch troop movement. Revere asked the deacon to hang one lantern in the bell tower if the British were coming by land—that is, marching across the Boston Neck peninsula. He asked the deacon to hang two lanterns if they were coming by sea—that is, using the Charles River to cross into Cambridge. Revere and his horse were waiting on the other side of the Charles for the signa
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In order to reach Lexington and Concord, the British had to cross the Charles River. Revere told a church deacon in Boston to watch troop movement. Revere asked the deacon to hang one lantern in the bell tower if the British were coming by land—that is, marching across the Boston Neck peninsula. He asked the deacon to hang two lanterns if they were coming by sea—that is, using the Charles River to cross into Cambridge. Revere and his horse were waiting on the other side of the Charles for the signa
Late at night on April 18, 1775, the deacon in Boston hung two lanterns from his church. Revere and another rider, William Dawes, saw the sign and sped off on horseback to warn the townspeople. They were later joined by a third rider, Samuel Prescott.Fun fact: Paul Revere probably didn't shout the legendary phrase, “The British are coming!” He and the other riders had to warn people discreetly that the Redcoats were on the move. Shouting through the towns on horseback would have been too conspicuous. Besides, at the time colonial Americans were still technically British, too.
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Late at night on April 18, 1775, the deacon in Boston hung two lanterns from his church. Revere and another rider, William Dawes, saw the sign and sped off on horseback to warn the townspeople. They were later joined by a third rider, Samuel Prescott.Fun fact: Paul Revere probably didn't shout the legendary phrase, “The British are coming!” He and the other riders had to warn people discreetly that the Redcoats were on the move. Shouting through the towns on horseback would have been too conspicuous. Besides, at the time colonial Americans were still technically British, too.
To understand the ca
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To understand the cause of the American Revolution, it is important to understand the nature of the struggle between the British colonies in America and Great Britain. Unlike British colonies in Africa and Asia, there was no notion of racial difference between the Britishers and the white Americans who led the revolt against them. The Americans were not exploited subjects who rose against British oppression, they were instead people who wanted independence from interference of the British government in their matters. In domestic matters, the colonies were largely self-governing albeit the British government could exercise veto over colonial legislation. The colonial legislatures were allowed to levy taxes, muster troops and pass laws. Over time, this gave them a sense of independence from the Crown. Thus, when the British government tried to exercise more control over the colonies, they revolted against such legislation which undermined the freedom and rights they were used to.
Fought between 1756 and 1763, the Seven Years’ War was a conflict between a Britain led coalition and a French led coalition. In America, the French and Indian War happened around the same time pitting the British colonies in America against New France, area colonized by France in America. Prior to this conflict, there was not much friction between Britain and its colonies in America. The colonists in America were protected from foreign invasion by the British military; they paid little taxes and could conduct trade without much interference from the British government. The only major issue were the Navigation Acts, which forbade America to trade directly with foreign nations. Great Britain won the French and Indian War as well as the larger Seven Years’ War. However, this came at a huge cost. The national debt of Britain almost doubled from £74.6 million to £132.6 million. Interests payments on the debt exceeded half of the British Government’s budget. Moreover, Britain decided to place a standing army of 10,000 men in America to oversee its newly acquired territory from France. Britain tried to extract the cost of this standing army as well as lessen its financial burden through new taxation in its Thirteen Colonies in America which led to friction between the two sowing the seeds of the American Revolutionary War.

Though the Stamp Act was repealed, the American Colonies Act 1766, known as the Declaratory Act, came into effect the same day. It declared that British Parliament’s authority in America was same as in Britain and the laws passed by it were binding on the American colonies. Charles Townshend, the Chancellor of the Exchequer in British government, then proposed to implement “external” import taxes instead of internal taxes in America. This led to what are known as the Townshend Acts. These put an indirect tax on various items, including glass, lead, paints, paper and tea, all of which had to be imported from Britain. The Townshend Acts proved equally unpopular and the colonists responded by boycotting all British goods that were subject to taxation and carrying out widespread protests. The British Parliament repealed most of the taxes from the Townshend Acts in March 1770 but the import duty on tea was retained. This was done to demonstrate that the Parliament had the authority to tax the colonies in accordance with the Declaratory Act. The tussle for authority over taxation thus continued steadily worsening the relationship between Britain and its American colonies.

The American Revolution w
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The American Revolution was an event in the late 18th century in which the 13 British colonies in North America overthrew British rule to establish the United States of America. The major point of contention that led to the Revolution was whether the British government had the right to enact laws, primarily taxation, which was abiding on its American colonies when there was no representation of the people of the colonies in the British Parliament. The most important events that led to the Revolutionary War include the Stamp Act of 1765, the Townshend Acts, the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party and the Intolerable Acts. Radical thinkers like Thomas Paine and secret organizations like the Sons of Liberty also played an important role in stirring up protests against unfair British legislation and in driving the people to fight for their independence from Great Britain. Here are the 10 major causes of the American Revolution.

In March 1765, in keeping
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In March 1765, in keeping with the British intent on making Americans share their financial burden, the British Parliament passed the Stamp Act of 1765. This was the first time that Britain had imposed direct taxes on the colonies. The Act required that many printed documents including legal documents, magazines, newspapers and even playing cards, had to be produced on stamped paper made in London, carrying an embossed revenue stamp. The colonists protested to the taxes, not because they were high, but due to the fact that they were being taxed by a British Parliament to which they elected no representatives. This grievance of “no taxation without representation” was one of the focal points of dissent between the colonists and the Britishers. The colonists stated that any laws concerning them that were passed in the British Parliament were illegal under the English Bill of Rights 1689 as they didn’t have any representation in the body. Thus this, according to them, was a denial of their rights as Englishmen, the rights they had previously enjoyed in England. Due to widespread protest of the colonists, the Stamp Act was repealed on March 18, 1766 by King George III after a resolution regarding the same was passed by a vote of 276–168 in the British Parliament.

The colonies didn't have a standing army. Instead, they relied on local militias and Minutemen, farmers who could grab a musket and assemble in a minute's time. Hearing Revere's call, a group of Minutemen assembled in Lexington to confront the British. The British, also known as redcoats or “lobster-backs” because of the bright red uniforms they wore, were clearly superior in training and numbers.Captain John Parker, the leader of the Minutemen, instructed his troops: "Stand your ground; don't fire unless fired upon, but if they mean to have a war, let it begin here." No one knows who fired the first shot in the Battle of Lexington, but it became known as the "shot heard 'round the world" because of its far-reaching consequences.
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The colonies didn't have a standing army. Instead, they relied on local militias and Minutemen, farmers who could grab a musket and assemble in a minute's time. Hearing Revere's call, a group of Minutemen assembled in Lexington to confront the British. The British, also known as redcoats or “lobster-backs” because of the bright red uniforms they wore, were clearly superior in training and numbers.Captain John Parker, the leader of the Minutemen, instructed his troops: "Stand your ground; don't fire unless fired upon, but if they mean to have a war, let it begin here." No one knows who fired the first shot in the Battle of Lexington, but it became known as the "shot heard 'round the world" because of its far-reaching consequences.
Somehow, the rag-tag bunch of Lexington Minutemen weren't able to kill even a single British soldier, despite the fact that the British lined up in a straight line to fire and were wearing bright red coats. The British moved on to Concord, expecting another easy battle. In Concord, however, hundreds of Minutemen took position behind stone walls, houses, barns and trees, in a kind of primitive guerrilla fighting style. The British were sitting ducks: they took fire from Minutemen snipers hidden in trees and behind houses. The vulnerable British troops retreated to Boston. By the end of the first day of the Revolutionary War, the British counted 73 dead and 174 wounded.
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Somehow, the rag-tag bunch of Lexington Minutemen weren't able to kill even a single British soldier, despite the fact that the British lined up in a straight line to fire and were wearing bright red coats. The British moved on to Concord, expecting another easy battle. In Concord, however, hundreds of Minutemen took position behind stone walls, houses, barns and trees, in a kind of primitive guerrilla fighting style. The British were sitting ducks: they took fire from Minutemen snipers hidden in trees and behind houses. The vulnerable British troops retreated to Boston. By the end of the first day of the Revolutionary War, the British counted 73 dead and 174 wounded.
Historians have iden
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Historians have identified several causes for the Industrial Revolution, including: the emergence of capitalism, European imperialism, efforts to mine coal, and the effects of the Agricultural Revolution.Jun 15, 2017
The American Revolution was an event in the late 18th century in which the 13 British colonies in North America overthrew British rule to establish the United States of America. The major point of contention that led to the Revolution was whether the British government had the right to enact laws, primarily taxation, which was abiding on its American colonies when there was no representation of the people of the colonies in the British Parliament. The most important events that led to the Revolutionary War include the Stamp Act of 1765, the Townshend Acts, the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party and the Intolerable Acts. Radical thinkers like Thomas Paine and secret organizations like the Sons of Liberty also played an important role in stirring up protests against unfair British legislation and in driving the people to fight for their independence from Great Britain. Here are the 10 major causes of the American Revolution.

To understand the cause of the American Revolution, it is important to understand the nature of the struggle between the British colonies in America and Great Britain. Unlike British colonies in Africa and Asia, there was no notion of racial difference between the Britishers and the white Americans who led the revolt against them. The Americans were not exploited subjects who rose against British oppression, they were instead people who wanted independence from interference of the British government in their matters. In domestic matters, the colonies were largely self-governing albeit the British government could exercise veto over colonial legislation. The colonial legislatures were allowed to levy taxes, muster troops and pass laws. Over time, this gave them a sense of independence from the Crown. Thus, when the British government tried to exercise more control over the colonies, they revolted against such legislation which undermined the freedom and rights they were used to.

To understand the cause of the American Revolution, it is important to understand the nature of the struggle between the British colonies in America and Great Britain. Unlike British colonies in Africa and Asia, there was no notion of racial difference between the Britishers and the white Americans who led the revolt against them. The Americans were not exploited subjects who rose against British oppression, they were instead people who wanted independence from interference of the British government in their matters. In domestic matters, the colonies were largely self-governing albeit the British government could exercise veto over colonial legislation. The colonial legislatures were allowed to levy taxes, muster troops and pass laws. Over time, this gave them a sense of independence from the Crown. Thus, when the British government tried to exercise more control over the colonies, they revolted against such legislation which undermined the freedom and rights they were used to.

# data[].attributes.body
It was a late dark night in Boston harbor and it was pitch black while a fog hung around the water this was the winter 1773 and the British had a monopoly on selling tea thanks to the tea acts but were going to react send a message to show George just where we at all was quit like Ben Franklin's library then some people creeping out of their houses quietly dressed like Mohawk Indians there were many men 150 of them all assembling a party gathered to check it dressed up like Halloween Sam Adams called out yall better follow me they dumped $70,000 worth of tea england didn't take take it lightly they freaked cause you know how how the British just love their tea passed intolerable acts but that don't phase him they're turkeys well smother them like were gravy briyonna

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Samuel Adams and the radical Sons of Liberty were desperately looking for another Boston Massacre-type event to catalyze American resistance. The Tea Act provided just such an opportunity.When three tea-laden cargo ships landed in Boston Harbor, Sam Adams led a group of 150 colonists dressed as Mohawk Indians to the docks. The men boarded the ships, smashed the crates and dumped tea into the water. By the end of the night, the Boston Tea Party had destroyed $70,000 worth of British tea. It was a powerful message to the British. King George of England took it to be an act of defiance. "The die is now cast," he told his prime minister. "The colonies must either submit or triumph." Essence
ESSENCE
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ESSENCE
In order to reach Lexington and Concord, the British had to cross the Charles River. Revere told a church deacon in Boston to watch troop movement. Revere asked the deacon to hang one lantern in the bell tower if the British were coming by land—that is, marching across the Boston Neck peninsula. He asked the deacon to hang two lanterns if they were coming by sea—that is, using the Charles River to cross into Cambridge. Revere and his horse were waiting on the other side of the Charles for the signal.

Late at night on April 18, 1775, the deacon in Boston hung two lanterns from his church. Revere and another rider, William Dawes, saw the sign and sped off on horseback to warn the townspeople. They were later joined by a third rider, Samuel Prescott.

Fun fact: Paul Revere probably didn't shout the legendary phrase, “The British are coming!” He and the other riders had to warn people discreetly that the Redcoats were on the move. Shouting through the towns on horseback would have been too conspicuous. Besides, at the time colonial Americans were still technically British, too.

The American colonis
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The American colonists’ breakup with the British Empire in 1776 wasn’t a sudden, impetuous act. Instead, the banding together of the 13 colonies to fight and win a war of independence against the Crown was the culmination of a series of events, which had begun more than a decade earlier. Escalations began shortly after the end of the French and Indian War—known elsewhere as the Seven Years War in 1763. Here are a few of the pivotal moments that led to the American Revolution.
To recoup some of the massive debt left over from the war with France, Parliament passed laws such as the Stamp Act, which for the first time taxed a wide range of transactions in the colonies.

“Up until then, each colony had its own government which decided which taxes they would have, and collected them,” explains Willard Sterne Randall, a professor emeritus of history at Champlain College and author of numerous works on early American history, including Unshackling America: How the War of 1812 Truly Ended the American Revolution. “They felt that they’d spent a lot of blood and treasure to protect the colonists from the Indians, and so they should pay their share.”

ESSENCEThe colonies didn't have a standing army. Instead, they relied on local militias and Minutemen, farmers who could grab a musket and assemble in a minute's time. Hearing Revere's call, a group of Minutemen assembled in Lexington to confront the British. The British, also known as redcoats or “lobster-backs” because of the bright red uniforms they wore, were clearly superior in training and numbers.Captain John Parker, the leader of the Minutemen, instructed his troops: "Stand your ground; don't fire unless fired upon, but if they mean to have a war, let it begin here." No one knows who fired the first shot in the Battle of Lexington, but it became known as the "shot heard 'round the world" because of its far-reaching consequences.
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ESSENCEThe colonies didn't have a standing army. Instead, they relied on local militias and Minutemen, farmers who could grab a musket and assemble in a minute's time. Hearing Revere's call, a group of Minutemen assembled in Lexington to confront the British. The British, also known as redcoats or “lobster-backs” because of the bright red uniforms they wore, were clearly superior in training and numbers.Captain John Parker, the leader of the Minutemen, instructed his troops: "Stand your ground; don't fire unless fired upon, but if they mean to have a war, let it begin here." No one knows who fired the first shot in the Battle of Lexington, but it became known as the "shot heard 'round the world" because of its far-reaching consequences.
Seven Years War (1756-1763) ...Taxes and Duties. ...Boston Massacre (1770) ...Boston Tea Party (1773) ...Intolerable Acts (1774) ...King George III's Speech to Parliament (1775)
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Seven Years War (1756-1763) ...Taxes and Duties. ...Boston Massacre (1770) ...Boston Tea Party (1773) ...Intolerable Acts (1774) ...King George III's Speech to Parliament (1775)
The British responded to the Boston Tea Party fiercely. They passed the Coercive Acts and the Quebec Act. Together, they became known in the colonies as the Intolerable Acts. These acts severely restricted democracy in Massachusetts, closed Boston Harbor and even established Roman Catholicism as the official religion in Quebec. The British also sent 4,000 more soldiers into Boston to suppress uprisings. Essence
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The British responded to the Boston Tea Party fiercely. They passed the Coercive Acts and the Quebec Act. Together, they became known in the colonies as the Intolerable Acts. These acts severely restricted democracy in Massachusetts, closed Boston Harbor and even established Roman Catholicism as the official religion in Quebec. The British also sent 4,000 more soldiers into Boston to suppress uprisings. Essence
The American Rev
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The American Revolution was an event in the late 18th century in which the 13 British colonies in North America overthrew British rule to establish the United States of America. The major point of contention that led to the Revolution was whether the British government had the right to enact laws, primarily taxation, which was abiding on its American colonies when there was no

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The American Revolution was an event in the late 18th century in which the 13 British colonies in North America overthrew British rule to establish the United States of America. The major point of contention that led to the Revolution was whether the British government had the right to enact laws, primarily taxation, which was abiding on its American colonies when there was no representation of the people of the colonies in the British Parliament. The most important events that led to the Revolutionary War include the Stamp Act of 1765, the Townshend Acts, the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party and the Intolerable Acts. Radical thinkers like Thomas Paine and secret organizations like the Sons of Liberty also played an important role in stirring up protests against unfair British legislation and in driving the people to fight for their independence from Great Britain. Here are the 10 major causes of the American Revolution.

The American col
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The American colonists’ breakup with the British Empire in 1776 wasn’t a sudden, impetuous act. Instead, the banding together of the 13 colonies to fight and win a war of independence against the Crown was the culmination of a series of events, which had begun more than a decade earlier. Escalations began shortly after the end of the French and Indian War—known elsewhere as the Seven Years War in 1763. Here are a few of the pivotal moments that led to the American Revolution

The ideas of “no taxation without representation” and “life, liberty, private property, and the pursuit of happiness” were concepts that saw popularity among the colonists who favored challenging British aggression.

From 1754-1763, Britain and its colonies were involved in the French and Indian War—the American theater of Europe’s Seven Years' War (1754-63). Britain won the war and gained control of all the land east of the Mississippi, including Canada. But after years of costly war, the British found themselves strangled in war debt. So, they enacted a series of acts to tax the colonies. The colonies protested. But the British ignored colonial interests.In 1770, British soldiers killed five men for throwing rocks and snowballs in the Boston Massacre. Three years after the Boston Massacre, Parliament passed the Tea Act of 1773, which gave the British a monopoly on selling tea to the American colonies. This means the British controlled the tea trade, keeping other competitors from participating. The British monopoly made the price of tea so low that even smugglers couldn't compete.
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From 1754-1763, Britain and its colonies were involved in the French and Indian War—the American theater of Europe’s Seven Years' War (1754-63). Britain won the war and gained control of all the land east of the Mississippi, including Canada. But after years of costly war, the British found themselves strangled in war debt. So, they enacted a series of acts to tax the colonies. The colonies protested. But the British ignored colonial interests.In 1770, British soldiers killed five men for throwing rocks and snowballs in the Boston Massacre. Three years after the Boston Massacre, Parliament passed the Tea Act of 1773, which gave the British a monopoly on selling tea to the American colonies. This means the British controlled the tea trade, keeping other competitors from participating. The British monopoly made the price of tea so low that even smugglers couldn't compete.
The Age of Enlightenment
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The Age of Enlightenment was an intellectual and philosophical movement that dominated the world of ideas during the 18th century. The Enlightenment writers, such as Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau and the Baron de Montesquieu, came up with revolutionary concepts like social contract, limited government and the consent of the governed. Other radical notions which came to the forefront during the Age of Enlightenment include the concept that all men are created equal, that the king didn’t have the divine right to rule and that a leader may only govern a society if he had the consent of those he governed. Many people who went on to become the leaders of the American Revolution were well versed with these revolutionary concepts and they fought for their rights based upon these teachings. Moreover, American revolutionary writers spurred the people to fight for their rights. The most prominent among these was Thomas Paine, who wrote Common Sense (1776), the most influential pamphlet of the Revolution. Written in a clear and persuasive tone, it aimed to convince the colonists to demand independence from Britain. Common Sense was read or at least known by nearly every rebel and it is proportionally the all-time best-selling American title.

Samuel Adams and the radical Sons of Liberty were desperately looking for another Boston Massacre-type event to catalyze American resistance. The Tea Act provided just such an opportunity.When three tea-laden cargo ships landed in Boston Harbor, Sam Adams led a group of 150 colonists dressed as Mohawk Indians to the docks. The men boarded the ships, smashed the crates and dumped tea into the water. By the end of the night, the Boston Tea Party had destroyed $70,000 worth of British tea. It was a powerful message to the British. King George of England took it to be an act of defiance. "The die is now cast," he told his prime minister. "The colonies must either submit or triumph."
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Samuel Adams and the radical Sons of Liberty were desperately looking for another Boston Massacre-type event to catalyze American resistance. The Tea Act provided just such an opportunity.When three tea-laden cargo ships landed in Boston Harbor, Sam Adams led a group of 150 colonists dressed as Mohawk Indians to the docks. The men boarded the ships, smashed the crates and dumped tea into the water. By the end of the night, the Boston Tea Party had destroyed $70,000 worth of British tea. It was a powerful message to the British. King George of England took it to be an act of defiance. "The die is now cast," he told his prime minister. "The colonies must either submit or triumph."
ALAYNA GREEN
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The British responded to the Boston Tea Party fiercely. They passed the Coercive Acts and the Quebec Act. Together, they became known in the colonies as the Intolerable Acts. These acts severely restricted democracy in Massachusetts, closed Boston Harbor and even established Roman Catholicism as the official religion in Quebec. The British also sent 4,000 more soldiers into Boston to suppress uprisings. GABBY
General Gage was the commander of the British troops in Boston. He heard rumors that the colonists were amassing ammunition and guns in a storehouse in Concord, a small town outside of Boston. Gage also heard that two of the rebel ringleaders—Sam Adams and John Hancock—were hiding in nearby Lexington. Sam Adams had led the Boston Tea Party. Hancock, the richest man in New England before the war, helped organize and fund the rebellion. Gage planned to march out to Lexington and Concord where he would arrest Adams and Hancock and then seize the ammunition. But Paul Revere and the Sons of Liberty expected this move. Revere set up a system of signals that would alert him if the British started to move.
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GABRIANNA SPAIN
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General Gage was the commander of the British troops in Boston. He heard rumors that the colonists were amassing ammunition and guns in a storehouse in Concord, a small town outside of Boston. Gage also heard that two of the rebel ringleaders—Sam Adams and John Hancock—were hiding in nearby Lexington. Sam Adams had led the Boston Tea Party. Hancock, the richest man in New England before the war, helped organize and fund the rebellion. Gage planned to march out to Lexington and Concord where he would arrest Adams and Hancock and then seize the ammunition. But Paul Revere and the Sons of Liberty expected this move. Revere set up a system of signals that would alert him if the British started to move.
In order to reach Lexington and Concord, the British had to cross the Charles River. Revere told a church deacon in Boston to watch troop movement. Revere asked the deacon to hang one lantern in the bell tower if the British were coming by land—that is, marching across the Boston Neck peninsula. He asked the deacon to hang two lanterns if they were coming by sea—that is, using the Charles River to cross into Cambridge. Revere and his horse were waiting on the other side of the Charles for the signa
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In order to reach Lexington and Concord, the British had to cross the Charles River. Revere told a church deacon in Boston to watch troop movement. Revere asked the deacon to hang one lantern in the bell tower if the British were coming by land—that is, marching across the Boston Neck peninsula. He asked the deacon to hang two lanterns if they were coming by sea—that is, using the Charles River to cross into Cambridge. Revere and his horse were waiting on the other side of the Charles for the signa
Late at night on April 18, 1775, the deacon in Boston hung two lanterns from his church. Revere and another rider, William Dawes, saw the sign and sped off on horseback to warn the townspeople. They were later joined by a third rider, Samuel Prescott.Fun fact: Paul Revere probably didn't shout the legendary phrase, “The British are coming!” He and the other riders had to warn people discreetly that the Redcoats were on the move. Shouting through the towns on horseback would have been too conspicuous. Besides, at the time colonial Americans were still technically British, too.
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Late at night on April 18, 1775, the deacon in Boston hung two lanterns from his church. Revere and another rider, William Dawes, saw the sign and sped off on horseback to warn the townspeople. They were later joined by a third rider, Samuel Prescott.Fun fact: Paul Revere probably didn't shout the legendary phrase, “The British are coming!” He and the other riders had to warn people discreetly that the Redcoats were on the move. Shouting through the towns on horseback would have been too conspicuous. Besides, at the time colonial Americans were still technically British, too.
To understand the ca
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To understand the cause of the American Revolution, it is important to understand the nature of the struggle between the British colonies in America and Great Britain. Unlike British colonies in Africa and Asia, there was no notion of racial difference between the Britishers and the white Americans who led the revolt against them. The Americans were not exploited subjects who rose against British oppression, they were instead people who wanted independence from interference of the British government in their matters. In domestic matters, the colonies were largely self-governing albeit the British government could exercise veto over colonial legislation. The colonial legislatures were allowed to levy taxes, muster troops and pass laws. Over time, this gave them a sense of independence from the Crown. Thus, when the British government tried to exercise more control over the colonies, they revolted against such legislation which undermined the freedom and rights they were used to.
Fought between 1756 and 1763, the Seven Years’ War was a conflict between a Britain led coalition and a French led coalition. In America, the French and Indian War happened around the same time pitting the British colonies in America against New France, area colonized by France in America. Prior to this conflict, there was not much friction between Britain and its colonies in America. The colonists in America were protected from foreign invasion by the British military; they paid little taxes and could conduct trade without much interference from the British government. The only major issue were the Navigation Acts, which forbade America to trade directly with foreign nations. Great Britain won the French and Indian War as well as the larger Seven Years’ War. However, this came at a huge cost. The national debt of Britain almost doubled from £74.6 million to £132.6 million. Interests payments on the debt exceeded half of the British Government’s budget. Moreover, Britain decided to place a standing army of 10,000 men in America to oversee its newly acquired territory from France. Britain tried to extract the cost of this standing army as well as lessen its financial burden through new taxation in its Thirteen Colonies in America which led to friction between the two sowing the seeds of the American Revolutionary War.

Though the Stamp Act was repealed, the American Colonies Act 1766, known as the Declaratory Act, came into effect the same day. It declared that British Parliament’s authority in America was same as in Britain and the laws passed by it were binding on the American colonies. Charles Townshend, the Chancellor of the Exchequer in British government, then proposed to implement “external” import taxes instead of internal taxes in America. This led to what are known as the Townshend Acts. These put an indirect tax on various items, including glass, lead, paints, paper and tea, all of which had to be imported from Britain. The Townshend Acts proved equally unpopular and the colonists responded by boycotting all British goods that were subject to taxation and carrying out widespread protests. The British Parliament repealed most of the taxes from the Townshend Acts in March 1770 but the import duty on tea was retained. This was done to demonstrate that the Parliament had the authority to tax the colonies in accordance with the Declaratory Act. The tussle for authority over taxation thus continued steadily worsening the relationship between Britain and its American colonies.

The American Revolution w
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DONYAE WASHINGTON
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The American Revolution was an event in the late 18th century in which the 13 British colonies in North America overth