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Cleaning the Drapes, from the series House Beautiful: Bringing the War Home, Martha Rosler, 1967–72

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Cleaning the Drapes, from the series House Beautiful: Bringing the War Home, Martha Rosler, 1967–72

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Martha Rossler artwork named "Bringing the war back home" is a demonstration of superralist art movement. We can see a superposition of realities, in what seems to be a combination of photojournalism, home design magazine and a vacuum cleaner advertisement. With this artwork, Rosler aimed to criticize the Vietnam war, that produced huge violence in Vietnam while the so called "american way of life" remained intact. It is interesting how photojournalism enters not only as a resource to show the war but also another level of comprehension for this thesis, calling the attention to the fact that the only real contact most of the world had with the war was through the news. The experience with the pain, in that sense, is distant, superficial and temporary, with the ambiguity that, even being distant, it became part of people's lives, entering their homes and routines without altering their chores, household and windows.

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Francis Bacon, “Man in a Cap” circa 1945

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Francis Bacon, “Man in a Cap” circa 1945

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After World War II, existentialism gained popularity, especially in France under the influence of Jean-Paul Sartre.
One of the most significant artists of the 20th century, using existentialism, was Francis Bacon. His horrific portrayals capture human misery. Some of his pieces explore the morbid concept of impending death. Francis Bacon's response to the humiliating events of World War II is shown in this painting called, ''Man in a cap''. Dark blue-ish circles with a smile shown above the threatening face of the focal character. This person wears a black suit. The subject's r unsettling contrast is further enhanced by the red color speared just beneath the character, flowing through a space evoking the interior of Hitler's bunker.

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In this art piece by T. Kalema, in front of a white building with a Belgian flag flying in the yard, a chain is being used to strangle an African-American man wearing a striped t-shirt and shorts. Nearby, a second black male can be seen with his trousers down and terrible, pouring cuts on his buttocks. He is on the ground, face down. A second black man, smartly dressed as a colonial police officer, hovers over him with his whip raised and prepared to strike. A white guy with a white uniform, a white straw hat on his head, and the Belgian flag sewn into his lapel is observed by the guard in a covert manner. He is smoking a pipe while having one hand in his pocket.

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The Republican forces, which included communists and socialists and others with opposing ideologies cooperated against the Nationalists commanded by General Francisco Franco, who wanted to impose a fascist dictatorship, during the Spanish Civil War. The  town of Guernica in the Basque Country's Biscay province was seen by the Nationalists as the northern stronghold of the Republican resistance movement and the epicenter of Basque culture. The town of Guernica was mostly made up of women and children at the time of the bombardment, as depicted in Picasso's picture, while the majority of its men were away fighting for the Republicans.