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the psychologist could have used a method where each participant is written on a piece of paper and put into a hat. they are randomly picked out one at a time with one going into group one and the next into group 2

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The consent form should: • include some detail of what participants might expect to happen • refer to ethical issues • be in an appropriate format/style.

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Table 3 Mean number of nightmares reported and the standard deviation for each condition

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Table 3 Mean number of nightmares reported and the standard deviation for each condition

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What do the mean and standard deviation values in Table 3 suggest about the effect of the type of film watched on the occurrence of nightmares? Justify your answer.

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watching a horror movie before sleep will increase the likelihood of nightmare during the night

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those who watch a horror film before they go to bed are more likely to report that they had a nightmare during the night

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repeated measures means no participant variables (individual differences) as the same people are measured in each condition - this is because some people may be more likely to have nightmares than others

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it will limit the affect of participant variables such as like/dislike to different film genres/normal dreams as the participants will be the same in each condition

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to participant,
do you consent to having any data collected about your behaviour in this study to be used for this psychological study:
be aware that you have the right to withdraw yourself and any data about you from this study

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if you watch a horror film before you go the bed then you are more likely to report having a nightmare when you wake up the next morning if you wake up

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To avoid participant variables because some participants may already be more likely to suffer from nightmares because of other extraneous factors

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due to repeated measures design to reduce order effects as watching one genre before the other may affect result

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place all the participants name in a hat and pull the names out assigning the first 25 to one group and the remaining 25 to the second group

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dear participant,
do you give conesent to having your date collected and used in this study?
you do have the right to say no or withdraw your data should you change your mind after the experiment.
have a good day
thankyou
goodbye

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used a matched pairs design rather than repeated measure to avoid order effects and the need for counterbalancing

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the mean suggests that horror films are more likely to cause nightmares

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the result is significant even when 5% is attributed to random chance, can be 95% sure of results.

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the standard deviation shows that the participants who watched horror films had more deviation in their likelihood to have nightmares compared to the other group

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do not use a volunteer sample as this is not representative. use a stratified sample by using proportionate group sizes for different groups such as gender/age/degree course.