# data[].attributes.body
The most important thing is to be kind and be kind and be kind :)

# data[].attributes.body
"without context, words have no meaning at all"

#context

# data[].attributes.body
"there's always fierce resistance when these words [jargon] first enter the language because it smacks of pretentious language"

#jargon #anti-intellectualism

# data[].attributes.body
"the Australian accent's shift to the middle ground is associated with ... a maturing identity, driven by the young"

#teenspeak #accent #shift

# data[].attributes.body
"members of a social group draw personal strength and pride from using the same language"

#ingroup

# data[].attributes.body
"shared swearing patterns indicate membership of the group"

#profanity #ingroup

# data[].attributes.body
"prestige is a slippery notion"

#prestige #shift

# data[].attributes.body
"using Australian slang increases your likability among other Australians"

#australianidentity #identity

# data[].attributes.body
"language is about giving people the opportunity to express themselves"

#expression #identity

# data[].attributes.body
"the more affectionate the feeling, the more abusive the language"

#profanity #taboo #intimacy

# data[].attributes.body
"promoting someone else's face can lead to loss of one's own"

#face #politeness

# data[].attributes.body
AAbE "is as rule-governed and linguistically complex as any other non-standard form"

#aabe #nse

# data[].attributes.body
"men have been shown to talk more than women in settings as diverse as staff meetings ... and husband-and-wife pairs in spontaneous conversation"

#gender #identity #stereotypes

# data[].attributes.body
"most of us suffer from incurable leximania"

#linguisticinnovation

# data[].attributes.body
"linguistic prestige is directly associated with power"

#prestige #socialhierarchy #formal #sae

# data[].attributes.body
AAbE "reflects [First Nations] language and culture ... and has evolved to meet the particular needs and circumstances of its speakers"

#aabe #culture

# data[].attributes.body
"in public forums, women tend to talk less"

#gender

# data[].attributes.body
"regular, close and intense contact between school students provides fertile ground for nickname formation"

#diminutives #informal #nicknames

# data[].attributes.body
"incomprehensible jargon is the hallmark of a profession"

#profession #jargon #formal #obfuscate

# data[].attributes.body
"an ethnolect ... offers a means of ... demonstrating solidarity with one's ethnic group"

#ethnolect #ingroup #identity

# data[].attributes.body
"multimodal generation"

#teenspeak #agevariation

# data[].attributes.body
"when we speak, we can manipulate word order to a greater extent than writers"

#informal #mode #spoken

# data[].attributes.body
"linguistic prestige is not an indication of intrinsic beauty in languages, but rather of the perceived status of those who speak them"

#prestige #descriptivism

# data[].attributes.body
"linguistic melting pot"

#australianenglish #sae #multiculturalism

# data[].attributes.body
"language is a marker of social identity"

#identity

# data[].attributes.body
"the shield of anonymity that being online offers people is a way of bringing to the surface all those gritty things that polite society would prefer to stay hidden"

#online #languageshift

# data[].attributes.body
"writing ... has permanence and authority"

#mode #written

# data[].attributes.body
"with American lingo, we've imported toxic US culture"

#languageshift

# data[].attributes.body
"young people's language is a way of expressing a special in-group identity and excluding the out-group"

#teenspeak #ingroup

# data[].attributes.body
"language is notorious for short cuts and spectacular sound shifts, but nowhere is this more obvious than in names"

#names #diminutives

# data[].attributes.body
"even well-intentioned euphemisms involve a kind of double-think"

#euphemisms

# data[].attributes.body
"linguistic variation is a tool for us to ... signal who we are and who we are not"

#identity #languagevariation

# data[].attributes.body
"pluricentric languages are both unifiers and dividers of people"

#english

# data[].attributes.body
the use of diminutives "creates a warm friendly feeling; it indicates that something or someone is endearing to us"

#informal #diminutive #australianidentity

# data[].attributes.body
"social and linguistic prestige are interrelated; the language of powerful social groups usually carries linguistic prestige; and social prestige is often granted to speakers of prestige languages and varieties"

#prestige

# data[].attributes.body
"no other language abbreviates as much"

#sae #diminutives

# data[].attributes.body
"language has no existence apart from the people who use it"

#identity

# data[].attributes.body
"we select the appropriate language to suit the purpose and the context we find ourselves in"

#context

# data[].attributes.body
"Address terms are not used randomly. They are a strategic tool for accomplishing goals and valuing and positioning ourselves and others within the 'tribe'."

#politeness #face

# data[].attributes.body
"texting has added a new dimension to language use, but its long-term impact is negligible. It's not a disaster"

#descriptivism #languageshift #textspeak

# data[].attributes.body
"teenagers use language as a kind of identity badge"

#teenspeak #identity

# data[].attributes.body
"using hypocristic diminutives allows interlocutors to break down social barriers between them"

#diminutives #australianslang #socialdistance

# data[].attributes.body
"All taboos serve different human interests by avoiding those things which threaten to cause offence or distress."

#taboo

# data[].attributes.body
"no discussion of Australian English can avoid mention of the striking use of diminutives"

#diminutives #australianslang

# data[].attributes.body
"it is the nature of [gender] stereotypes that they are self-fulfilling prophecies"

#gender

# data[].attributes.body
"language change runs parallel to social change"

#languageshift #socialchange

# data[].attributes.body
"All euphemisms are dishonest, but many are designed to make life easier."

#euphemism #obfuscate #taboo

# data[].attributes.body
"slang language has always played a pivotal role in the Australian sense of self"

#slang #australianidentity

# data[].attributes.body
"One person’s enthusiastic supportive feedback may be perceived by another as a confrontational disruption."

#miscommunication #culturalinference #nse

# data[].attributes.body
"slang is a marker of in-group solidarity" and "correlate[s] with shared experiences"

#slang #ingroup

# data[].attributes.body
"Taboo and euphemism are closely entwined with the concepts of politeness and face."

#taboo #euphemism #face

# data[].attributes.body
"Australian English was born out of alcoholism and laziness."

#australianidentity #larrikinism

# data[].attributes.body
"young women take linguistic features and use them as power tools for building relationships"

#gender #socialdistance

# data[].attributes.body
"slang is a perpetual whirlwind of creativity among the young and avant garde"

#slang #languageshift #teenspeak

# data[].attributes.body
"the managerial class has forced on us a public language that makes no sense."

#publicdomain #obfuscate

# data[].attributes.body
"It is typically Australian to be suspicious of people who speak too well."

#australianidentity #culturalvalues #values #anti-intellectualism

# data[].attributes.body
"Because without our language, we have lost ourselves. Who are we without our words?"

#identity #idiolect

# data[].attributes.body
"The high frequency of [profanity] in Australian speech does not mean that [it] is perceived as acceptable to everyone"

#profanity #australianidentity

# data[].attributes.body
"The language of management ... is language that cannot describe or convey any human emotion."

#sae #formal #objective

# data[].attributes.body
"To speak a language is to take on a world, a culture."

#culture

# data[].attributes.body
"Of all the markers of identity, language is by far the most significant."

#identity

# data[].attributes.body
"The continual use of 'f*ck' and 'c*nt' in conversations [amongst tradesmen] works as a marker of in-group membership"

#profanity #ingroup #profession

# data[].attributes.body
"There is nothing in the particular language itself that determines its worth: it is the connection of the language in question to the phenomena of power that determines the values of that language and that contributes to the standardisation process."

#prestige #sae

# data[].attributes.body
"Australian English functions as a significant and extremely powerful symbol of national identity."

#sae #identity #australianidentity

# data[].attributes.body
"Language tells us who we are: because we are the words we use."

#identity #idiolect

# data[].attributes.body
profanity has a "role of positive politeness strategy in the Australian context."

#profanity #face #austalianidentity

# data[].attributes.body
"An Australian's greatest talent is for idiomatic invention."

#australianidentity #linguisticinnovation

# data[].attributes.body
"Our identities are not stable, and we may take advantage of different accent features at different times, in interaction with different people, and in different contexts to emphasise different identities."

#codeswitching #identity

# data[].attributes.body
"Assessing whether swearing in discourse is rude involves the difficult task of determining participants' identity, relationship, social norms, intentions and motivations."

# data[].attributes.body
"the only qualities we could truly regard as un-Australian might be those regarded as inhumane"

#australianidentity

# data[].attributes.body
"If you lose your language, you lose your personality, your character and who you are."

#identity

# data[].attributes.body
"Swearing is a social adhesive that unites and binds us more than any other"

#profanity #australianidentity #ingroup

# data[].attributes.body
"I soon realised that [Australians'] impressive ability to shorten pretty much anything ... doesn't necessarily translate overseas."

#australianidentity #diminutives

# data[].attributes.body
"Any particular example of linguistic behaviour might be perceived quite differently by different cultural groups"

#culturalinference #identity

# data[].attributes.body
"The obscenity is in the actual words themselves, and not what they refer to."

# data[].attributes.body
"swearing together [is] a way of asserting a cultural cohesion"

#profanity #australianidentity

# data[].attributes.body
"Men's talk tends to be more referential or informative, while women's talk is more supportive and facilitative."

#gender

# data[].attributes.headline
Sarah Kimmorley (Editor for Business Insider)

# data[].attributes.subject
Sarah Kimmorley (Editor for Business Insider)

# data[].attributes.body
"Profanity has a natural place in the Australian vocabulary."

#australianidentity #profanity

# data[].attributes.body
"We are what we speak"

#identity

# data[].attributes.body
"Women are regarded as a subordinate or less powerful group than men in many communities and this is not surprisingly often reflected in the different politeness devices used by and addressed to women."

#gender #face

# data[].attributes.body
"Through its culturally ingrained connotations of egalitarianism and mutual respect, even with complete strangers, the word 'mate' suggests an openness, at least, to a relationship of equals."

#mate #australianslang #nationalvalues #culturalvalues #values #egalitarianism #mutualrespect

# data[].attributes.body
"What unites ... Australian English, perhaps a rabid obsession with nicknames"

#diminutives #australianidentity

# data[].attributes.body
"Nicknames carry a rejection of formality, and breeding familiarity."

#informal #nicknames #diminutives

# data[].attributes.body
"As some taboo topics relax, others come to replace them."

#taboo #languageshift

# data[].attributes.body
"an important indicator of Australianness [links to] cultural values such as friendliness, informality, laid-backness, mateship"

#culturalvalues #laid-backness #mateship

# data[].attributes.body
"Unless you are a member of the clique, [slang] is gibberish."

#slang #ingroup

# data[].attributes.body
"Entirely new forms of Australian Language are emerging as our accent adapts to the growing babble of multiculturalism."

#multiculturalism #diversity #australianvarieties

# data[].attributes.body
"Slang terms are the mayflies of language; by the time they get themselves recorded in a dictionary, they are already museum specimens."

#slang #nse

# data[].attributes.body
"Time drains them of their vibrancy and energy"

"Time drains [slang neologisms] of their vibrancy and energy"

# data[].attributes.body
"Although many texters enjoy breaking linguistic rules, they also know they need to be understood."

#textspeak #slang #nse

# data[].attributes.body
"slang works much like Masonic mortar to stick members of a group together, and, of course, at the same time, to erect barriers between them and the outside."

#slang #ingroup

# data[].attributes.body
"Nothing unites a country more than its common language"

#australianidentity

# data[].attributes.body
"last year's words belong to last year's language, and next year's words await another voice"

#languageshift

# data[].attributes.body
"Every social group has its own linguistic bonding mechanism."

#covertnorms #ingroup #sociolect

# data[].attributes.body
"Technology is driving and perpetuating new slang terms."

#slang #languageshift

# data[].attributes.body
"The Aussies want their boss to join them in a healthy disrespect for rules and formalism, to lapse into broad speech and cuss a bit"

#anti-intellectualism #australianidentity #profanity

# data[].attributes.body
"Standard English has an enormous legacy of overt prestige. It has been regarded as a symbol of British nationhood"

#sae #overtprestige

# data[].attributes.body
Standard English "evokes a sense of hostility and detachment from the Australian identity."

#australianidentity #sae #nse

# data[].attributes.body
"There is no such thing as 'proper English'. Nor is there 'correct grammar'."

#descriptivism #nse #sae

# data[].attributes.body
"A non-Standard dialect is as valid a communication system as the standard."

#nse #descriptivism