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1. DNA - double stranded cell that contains our genetic information

2. RNA - nucleic acid that consists of a long chain of nucleotides

3. mRNA - carries information from DNA to other parts of the cell

4. rRNA - contain within ribosomes

5. tRNA - transfers each amino acid to the ribosome

6. Ribosome - contains rRNA; the organelle that builds proteins

7. Transcription - segments of DNA serve as templates to produce complementary RNA molecules

8. RNA Polymerase - what binds to DNA during transcription

9. Promoter region - regions of DNA that have a specific base sequence, where RNA polymerase attaches to begin transcription

10. Genetic code - the bases that code for specific amino acids

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1. RNA - nucleic acid that consists of a long chain of nucleotides

2.  Codon - A sequence of three nucleotides which together form a unit of genetic code in a DNA or RNA molecule.

3. Amino Acids -  molecules that combine to form proteins.

4. The genetic code - the set of rules used by living cells to translate information encoded within genetic material (DNA or mRNA sequences of nucleotide triplets, or codons) into proteins.

DNA --> RNA --> Protein
Transcription --> Translation
The process by which DNA is copied to RNA is called transcription, and that by which RNA is used to produce proteins is called translation.

Be able to read the “GUAC” genetic code wheel to determine an amino acid sequence

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1. What is converted during transcription? DNA to mRNA
2. What is the sequence (aka the Central Dogma) of the transfer of genetic information in organisms? DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which is translated into proteins.
3. What is the relationship between codons and anticodons? They are complementary to one another. Codons and anticodons bond together as a way to build amino acid polypeptide chains that will fold into proteins.
4. What does gene regulation allow cells to do? IH-Gene regulation ensures that the appropriate genes are expressed at the proper times.

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RNA and protein synthesis are both used in everyday life.
The making of the various types of protein is one of the most important events for a cell because protein not only forms structural components of the cell, it also composes the enzymes that catalyze the production of the remaining organic molecules necessary for life. Also in a number of clinically important viruses RNA, rather than DNA, carries the viral genetic information.

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bKIpDtJdK8Q

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Transcription and Translation: From DNA to Protein