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Paid caregivers include home health aides, nursing assistants, personal care aides, and hospice workers.

Many are women, often immigrants or minorities.

They provide daily support such as bathing, dressing, meal prep, and medical monitoring.

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Many caregivers describe the emotional reward of helping elders or people with disabilities.

Provides stable employment in a growing sector.

Some caregivers see their job as a calling or extension of family/community service.

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Paid caregiving is in the news because of workforce shortages, low wages, and high turnover.

During COVID-19, caregivers were frontline workers facing health risks.

Policy debates: higher pay, better benefits, union protections.

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Training programs and certifications (CNA, HHA).

Professional associations (e.g., National Association for Home Care & Hospice).

Emotional and peer support groups.

Policies in some states for better wages, health insurance, and sick leave.

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Low pay: Many earn close to minimum wage.

Emotional stress: Caring for seriously ill or aging patients can cause burnout.

Physical strain: Lifting, long hours, risk of injury.

Isolation: Sometimes working alone in homes.

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Person-Centered Care: treating clients with dignity, respect, and autonomy.

Caregiving as Emotional Labor: Hochschild’s theory of emotional management at work.

Ethics of Care: emphasizes relationships, empathy, and responsibility.

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Paid caregiving is crucial in aging societies like the U.S., Japan, and Europe.

Demand for caregivers is rising as life expectancy increases.

The caregiving profession intersects with issues of immigration, gender, race, and healthcare equity.