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https://www.indonesia-investments.com/business/item7

https://culturalatlas.sbs.com.au/indonesian-culture/indonesian-culture-business-culture

https://kemlu.go.id/seoul/en/pages/hubungan_bilateral/558/etc-menu

https://www.visiblethread.com/blog/4-communication-styles-and-how-they-impact-your-workplace/#:~:text=What%20are%20the%204%20communication,align%20communications%20at%20your%20company.

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Cultural Atlas Editors,

Meetings

Arrive on time but consider that your Indonesian counterpart may be late to a meeting. Try and be flexible with your time-planning to allow for this.

Foreign visitors are expected to dress smartly for business meetings, either in suits or traditional shirts. Wearing a batik fabric is likely to be met with appreciation.

Greet everyone in the room individually with a handshake.

It is customary to greet people in order of their seniority in any professional setting (i.e. greeting the team leader first, followed by their subordinates, and the most junior person last). If you are unsure of people's rank in the professional hierarchy, it is best to greet people starting by starting with the person nearest to you and making your way across the room.

Receiving Business Cards: Asian cultures can interpret the respect you show someone's business card to be indicative of the respect you will show the individual in business. Use both hands (or the right hand only) to receive a business card as the left hand is considered unclean and is used for the removal of dirt and cleaning. Do not put the card away immediately, but regard it carefully and place it in front of you on the table until everyone is seated.

Presenting Business Cards: Use both hands or the right hand only when presenting a business card, making sure that the writing is facing the other person.

Initial business meetings are usually reserved for acquainting people with each other and building rapport. In the first few meetings, business might not even be discussed. Avoid seeming hasty to get to the matters at hand as a good relationship is critical to doing business with Indonesians.

The Indonesians generally take an unaggressive approach to business as they view boisterous behaviour very negatively. Rather, they speak softly and with little emotional weight. Try to echo this same style of communication. Show compassion and be personable, but do not be confrontational or let emotion get in the way of negotiations.

Almost everything can be seen as negotiable in Indonesia, so expect some bargaining. They do not bargain aggressively and high-pressure tactics are likely to collapse negotiations. Therefore, if they have unrealistically high starting positions, allow time to gentle sway them over the course of the meeting.

Do not interrupt an Indonesian. They will usually give you plenty of room to speak and often show a great amount of respect during conversation. If you do not do the same, they may be too intimidated to share their opinions at all.

Expect them to defer to hearing your opinion a lot as Indonesians often ask their counterparts to speak first so that they can modify their own proposals. They show a great amount of deference by trying to say what they think you want to hear, however this can make it hard to decipher what their genuine opinions are. Though it is possible to get Indonesians to clarify what they mean, meetings still often end with a few points seeming vague.

They may be reluctant to tell you when they cannot understand or disagree, so sometimes it can be hard to judge how successful negotiations actually are.

Relationship Oriented

Personal relationships play a large role in Indonesian business culture. They see trust as key to good business and will be looking for an honest commitment to the relationship from you. Their business networks are often comprised of relatives and peers as nepotism is assumed to guarantee trust.

Indonesians generally see themselves as doing business with people, not entities. You represent yourself as an individual more than you do your company. Therefore, expect them to ask many questions about your family and personal life in an effort to get to know you. Sometimes these can come across as direct and overly-personal, but it is not intended this way and they will expect you to ask the same of them. Doing so in return will signify respect.

Harmony

In Indonesian business culture, people believe that good harmony and relations are the most important components to successful business. The concept that 'time is money' does not translate culturally. Instead of being urgently productive, people try to maintain a fun/pleasant atmosphere as they work. Therefore, keep in mind that they may take a longer time negotiating and completing things. Do not be pushy or insistent on punctuality or speed as displays of aggression or heavy insistence can make Indonesians hesitant of doing business with you. Accept that they can be more concerned about having a smooth business negotiation than making a hard-driven profit.

Considerations

Indonesian business culture is hierarchical based on age and position. Leadership is paternalistic and the oldest person usually leads discussion.

Despite the hierarchical structure of Indonesian business, consensus is sought from everyone before a decision is made in order to maintain harmony.

Your Indonesian counterpart may ask for your help or advice. It's a good idea to readily give personal favours when possible.

On the Corruption Perception Index (2017), Indonesia ranks 96th out of 180 countries, receiving a score of 37 (on a scale from 0 to 100). This perception suggests that the country's public sector is somewhat corrupt.

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Cultural Atlas Editors, Arrive on time but consider that your Indonesian counterpart may be late to a meeting. Try and be flexible with your time-planning to allow for this. Foreign visitors are expected to dress smartly for business meetings, either in suits or traditional shirts.

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When conducting research, methodology refers to the systematic approach used to collect and analyze data to answer research questions and achieve research goals. The specific methodology that chosen will depend on the nature of the research, available resources, and the types of data you need to collect. It provides an overview of research methodology, including study design (think about what to use as research material), data collection (collect data by searching in various sources such as journals), conclusion and generalization, and report writing.

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Here are some steps to consider when applying South Korean business etiquette in Indonesian business settings:

Research the business environment in Indonesia: Familiarize yourself with the Indonesian business environment, including legal frameworks, economic conditions, industry trends, and cultural nuances. This helps you understand the context in which you are working.

Learn about Indonesian business culture:
Learn and understand Indonesian business culture including customs, values ​​and etiquette. Recognize similarities and differences between Korean and Indonesian business practices and identify areas where approaches may need to be adjusted.

Build relationships and networks:
Building personal relationships is essential in Indonesian business culture. Attend industry events, business conferences and social events to meet potential partners, customers and stakeholders. Build rapport and trust over time through informal conversations and networking activities.

Adjust your communication style:
Adapt communication style to Indonesian cultural norms, balancing respect and building relationships. Respect hierarchy, seniority, and informal interpersonal relationships in Indonesian business environments.

Please pay attention to punctuality:
Koreans value punctuality, while Indonesians are more flexible. Adjust schedules, show professionalism, and customize gift habits to ensure appropriate reception in both cultures.

Look for local expertise:
Consider working with a local consultant or advisor who has knowledge and experience of the Indonesian market. They provide valuable insights, bridge cultural differences, and help you navigate the business environment more effectively.

Continuously learn and adapt:
Be open and willing to learn from your own experiences. Monitor your approach and adjust based on feedback and the evolving dynamics of the Indonesian business environment. Flexibility and adaptability are key to successful cross-cultural business interactions.

It is important to tailor our approach to the specific industries, companies and people we work with in Indonesia. Building meaningful relationships, understanding local customs, and respecting Indonesian business practices will increase your chances of success in the Indonesian market.

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Korean business etiquette in the Indonesian economy is the cultural adaptations necessary for successful business exchanges between the two countries. Although South Korea and Indonesia have their own business labels, understanding and applying Korean business practices can help Indonesian companies build stronger relationships and increase their chances of success in the Korean market. . By understanding Korean business etiquette and adapting their approach accordingly, Indonesian companies can better navigate the Korean market and increase their chances of taking advantage of opportunities that arise between the two countries.