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While "Rapper's Delight" was not the first single to include rapping, it was the first song to introduce hip hop music to a wide audience. There was a serious push to get a rap song on the charts and to become mainstream, and Sugar Hill Gang did just that.

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Muhammad Ali was the first fighter to win the title three times. He was a very controversial figure during his career, and was even banned from boxing for three years due to his religion. Ali still persevered through all his trials.

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This was a record breaking moment. Hank Aaron hit his 715th home run, breaking the long standing record held by Babe Ruth. It helps show that all men are equal in all aspects of life.

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The Congressional Black Caucus was formed in 1971, but it got its roots earlier from the Democrat Select Committee. The CBC was a way to get together to discuss political issues of their own.

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The Montgomery bus boycott made an impact during this time because it Sparked by the arrest of Rosa Parks on 1 December 1955, the Montgomery bus boycott was a 13-month mass protest that ended with the U.S. Supreme Court ruling that segregation on public buses is unconstitutional.

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The Montgomery bus boycott made an impact during this time because it Sparked by the arrest of Rosa Parks on 1 December 1955, the Montgomery bus boycott was a 13-month mass protest that ended with the U.S. Supreme Court ruling that segregation on public buses is unconstitutional.

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The brown vs. board of education was huge because the Court ruled that the plaintiffs were being “deprived of the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the 14th Amendment.”

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The brown vs. board of education was huge because the Court ruled that the plaintiffs were being “deprived of the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the 14th Amendment.”

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This made an impact on the movement because one hundred days after Emmett's death, a black woman, Rosa Parks, refused to give up her seat to a white passenger on a Montgomery city bus and was arrested for violating Alabama's bus segregation laws. 

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This made an impact on the movement because one hundred days after Emmett's death, a black woman, Rosa Parks, refused to give up her seat to a white passenger on a Montgomery city bus and was arrested for violating Alabama's bus segregation laws. 

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The Emmett Till murder was huge during this time 

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The Emmett Till murder was huge during this time 

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The death of MLK was a huge deal because he was basically the leader of the civil rights movement were he fought for a long time to get equal rights. 

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The death of MLK was a huge deal because he was basically the leader of the civil rights movement were he fought for a long time to get equal rights. 

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The march on Washington was a big deal not only for the thousands of people that went but also for MLK and his famous "I have a dream speech" that took place there.

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The march on Washington was a big deal not only for the thousands of people that went but also for MLK and his famous "I have a dream speech" that took place there.

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The sit-ins made a huge impact on the civil rights movement because just days after the protest had expanded to other food counters and hundreds were taking part. 

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The sit-ins made a huge impact on the civil rights movement because just days after the protest had expanded to other food counters and hundreds were taking part. 

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By Natalia Romo, Makena Lopez, and Sean Evans Period 2

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By Natalia Romo, Makena Lopez, and Sean Evans Period 2

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1. Who was the first president of the SCLC?

2. Who organized the March on Washington?

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"Rapper's Delight" was the first rap single to become a Top 40 hit on the Billboard Hot 100. Sugar Hill Gang formed in 1973. 

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"Rapper's Delight" was the first rap single to become a Top 40 hit on the Billboard Hot 100. Sugar Hill Gang formed in 1973. 

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1979: The Sugar Hill Gang records "Rapper's Delight

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1979: The Sugar Hill Gang records "Rapper's Delight

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sugar hill gang rapper's delight - Google Search

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Muhammad Ali was nicknamed "The Greatest". He was born on January 17, 1942, and passed away on June 3, 2016.

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Muhammad Ali was nicknamed "The Greatest". He was born on January 17, 1942, and passed away on June 3, 2016.

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1978: Muhammad Ali is the first heavyweight champion to win the title three times by defeating Leon Spinks. This took place in New Orleans. 

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1978: Muhammad Ali is the first heavyweight champion to win the title three times by defeating Leon Spinks. This took place in New Orleans. 

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Henry Aaron, nicknamed "Hammer" or "Hammerin' Hank", hit a total of 755 home runs during his career. He was born on February 5, 1934 (age 85), and serves as the senior vice president for the Atlanta Braves.

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1974: Henry "Hank" Aaron hits his 715th home run. After this fourth inning home run, Henry Aaron passed Babe Ruth on baseball's all time list.

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1974: Henry "Hank" Aaron hits his 715th home run. After this fourth inning home run, Henry Aaron passed Babe Ruth on baseball's all time list.

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Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white man in Montgomery leading to her arrest and local civil rights activist organized a bus boycott because of her arrest.

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Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white man in Montgomery leading to her arrest and local civil rights activist organized a bus boycott because of her arrest.

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After the arrest of Rosa Parks African Americans boycotted the city bus for 13 months.

The Supreme Court ended all segregation of city buses in Montgomery.

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This is a picture of Emmett Till and Carolyn Bryant

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This is a picture of Emmett Till and Carolyn Bryant

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This is picture shows Linda Brown who was denied enrollment into school in front of the supreme court after Brown v. Board of Education

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This is picture shows Linda Brown who was denied enrollment into school in front of the supreme court after Brown v. Board of Education

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Southern leadership Christian organization 

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Southern leadership Christian organization 

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is an African-American civil rights organization. SCLC, which is closely associated with its first president, Martin Luther King Jr., had a large role in the American civil rights movement.

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This picture shows the funeral of MLK and his family surrounding his casket. After his assination many people felt lost and were devastated.  

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This picture shows the funeral of MLK and his family surrounding his casket. After his assination many people felt lost and were devastated.  

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1968 The assignation of Martin Luther King

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1968 The assignation of Martin Luther King

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King travels to Memphis, Tennessee, to support striking sanitation workers. While there, on 4 April 1968, he is assassinated by white racist James Earl Ray.His murder, like the killing of Malcolm X in 1965, radicalized many moderate African-American activists, fueling the growth of the Black Power movement and the Black Panther Party in the late 1960s and early 1970s.

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In this picture it shows when the act was sign by President Johnson. It was also meant to cease the devious, violent and unconstitutional ways in which Whites would prevent Blacks from registering to vote or casting a ballot in the American South.

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In this picture it shows when the act was sign by President Johnson. It was also meant to cease the devious, violent and unconstitutional ways in which Whites would prevent Blacks from registering to vote or casting a ballot in the American South.

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The Intrinsic Failure of the Voting Rights Act of 1965
By Hannah J. Smith | Clark University '19 | CDM Vice President
The 14th Amendment, ratified in 1868, granted former slaves the rights to equal citizenship under the constitution , this came after the 13th Amendment, which freed them from slavery. It also came before the 15th amendment which granted all persons the right to vote. You and I both know that it did no such thing, but that is a topic for another day. The Reconstruction Era essentially re-enslaved[2.] those who had recently become free and subjugated their bodies.. During the course of the next hundred-or-so years, institutions were created and reinforced to ensure that Blacks were not granted equal protection under the law and that they were barred from registering to vote or casting a ballot and could be subject to brutality, intimidation or violence if they tried to do either.

In the heyday of the Civil Rights Movement came the passage of one of the most crucial pieces of legislation this country had ever seen. The Voting Rights Act or VRA of 1965 was signed on August 6th by President Johnson. The VRA was meant to cease the devious, violent and unconstitutional ways in which Whites would prevent Blacks from registering to vote or casting a ballot in the American South. Racial or language barriers were indeed not justifiable reasons to prevent someone from voting, under the VRA.

The US Congress renewed and upheld the VRA a total of 4 times after 1968, most recently in 2006. The 2013 Supreme Court case found Section 5 of the VRA is unconstitutional in a controversial 5-4 decision. Section 5 Shelby County v. Holder, [4.] required certain state and local jurisdictions (the ones who had previously discriminated and disenfranchised minority voters the most) to obtain pre-clearance from the Department of Justice or a federal court before changing any of their election laws. This included redistricting, voter eligibility requirements, early voting, mail in ballot, voter ID laws, etc.

Chief Justice Roberts does not believe that America's pervasive history of voting discrimination is still applicable to modern society, as we have now achieved some sort of "post- racial" country. The opinion[5.] on this case focussed on how the Voting Rights Act was no longer relevant to the strives minorities have made, in terms of voting rights and civic participation.
At the same time, voting discrimination still exists; no one doubts that. The question is whether the Act's extraordinary measures, including its disparate treatment of the States, continue to satisfy constitutional requirements. As we put it a short time [**660] ago, "the Act imposes current burdens and must be justified by current needs." Northwest Austin 557 U. S., at 203 ." (Chief Justice Roberts, Shelby County vs. Holder
If the VRA is no longer relevant and is too far-reaching, we default to the 15th Amendment as precedent, which was the 3rd amendment passed during the Reconstruction Era. An era which, essentially, re-enslaved newly freed Blacks and an era from which Jim Crow was born. If the 15th Amendment was good enough to begin with, there would have never been any need for a Voting Rights Act.

My humanity, my most fundamental right as an American and something my ancestors literally died for, is rooted in revocable congressional legislation and is not stitched into the fabric of our nation. When Section 5 was gutted, 9 states were relieved of their obligation to go through the pre-clearance process and in 14, more restrictive and deliberate acts were restrictions were imposed almost instantly.

The nature of the Voting Rights Act as a congressional act as opposed to a constitutional amendment has failed millions of minority voters. The lingering effects of Shelby County vs. Holder decision will continue to fail more as time goes on and it is unclear how this impacted the 2016 election in key states, but its effects may have been substantial . Who is the Attorney General of the United States tasked with investigating and, if need be, pursuing instances of injustice, disenfranchisement and voter intimidation both on an individual and systemic level? Who is heading our Department of Justice?

Someone so blatantly unjust that the NAACP gave him and "F" rating. Coretta Scott King wrote a letter in opposition to his nomination to a Federal Judgeship. The very person blocked by the Senate Judiciary Committee from becoming a Federal Judge in the 1986 due to allegations of racism.The same person who had said that "It [the VRA] is intrusive...,[it] changed the whole course of history...[in the American South]"[8.] [9.] ... Jefferson Beauregard Sessions III. And we should all be outraged.

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The Intrinsic Failure of the Voting Rights Act of 1965

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The Intrinsic Failure of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 By Hannah J. Smith | Clark University '19 | CDM Vice President The 14th Amendment, ratified in 1868, granted former slaves the rights to equal citizenship under the constitution , this came after the 13th Amendment, which freed them from slavery.

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Civil Rights Act 1964 and 1965 Voting Rights Act 

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Civil Rights Act 1964 and 1965 Voting Rights Act 

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US Congress passes the 1964 Civil Rights Act which, among other things, forbids segregation in public facilities and accommodations. After demonstrations in Selma, Alabama, the 1965 Voting Rights Act follows, containing provisions for the federal protection of black voters.

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This picture shows the thousands of people that went to march with MLK. It also shows how many people really believed thatchy should help make a difference. 

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This picture shows the thousands of people that went to march with MLK. It also shows how many people really believed thatchy should help make a difference. 

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This picture reprsents the how during the civil right's movement African Americans had to find ways to peacefully protest. What today we take for granite they had to really light and struggle just to sit at the the front of dinners. 

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This picture reprsents the how during the civil right's movement African Americans had to find ways to peacefully protest. What today we take for granite they had to really light and struggle just to sit at the the front of dinners. 

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This photo shows the first Congressional Black Caucus. As of 2019, it had 55 members.

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Emmett Till was murder in August 24, 1955 for his crime of saying "Bye, baby" to Carolyn Bryant.

During the testimony Carolyn said Emmett had touched her and threatened her.

Later in 2017 Carolyn confessed that she had lied in her testimony.

This shows how the law system was flawed and wasn't equal.

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Bayard Rustin organized the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. Almost a quarter of a million people attend. King delivers his “I Have a Dream” speech.

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The Congressional Black Caucus is formed in 1971. The CBC elected Charles C. Diggs as its first chairman.

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Four black students in Greensboro, North Carolina, hold the first sit-in. They refuse to move from a segregated lunch counter when denied service.

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Brown claimed under the 14th Amendment segregated schools where not equal and where denying them of there 14th amendment right.

There 4 cases of this claim by Brown and the Supreme Court put them as one case.

In May of 54 separate but equal schools where ruled unequal.