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Combating legacy of residential schools in Canada 

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Combating legacy of residential schools in Canada 

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questioning hegemony, curriculum, learning outcomes, assessments delivery methods and privileged world views

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Created a gap in traditional Indigenous ways of knowing and teaching.

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Created a gap in traditional Indigenous ways of knowing and teaching.

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relentless pursuit by colonizers of "cognitive cultural, and intellectual imperialism" that sought to separate, re-socialize, and assimilate the children of Indigenous communities

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all-inclusive sharing of a worldview that sees everything as relational and therefore accountable

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- parents often adher to this ethic by allowing child to develop naturally according to their purpose and giftedness

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- survival skills and skills for daily life and extreme conditions (food, shelther, water, warmth, healing)
- storytelling
- making tools, clothing, items for household, hunting and fishing, transportation
- cycle of seasons
- cycle of the plant and animal worlds
- cyclic and non-cyclic activities of air, water, earth and celestial objects
- personal traits (bravery, courage, resiliency, kindness

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- by example
- by practice
- by storytelling

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Learners taught by parents, grandparents, elders

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Learners taught by parents, grandparents, elders

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- there is a cycle of knowledge
- the learner becomes the teacher
- the teacher becomes the learner
- age is respected

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- anywhere ... inside, outside, any season, any time
- not limited to within a building
- together with, not separate from family, community and elders

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Indigenous education has traditionally been based on a holistic view on the world and humanity's place in it.

The focus was on educating a person spiritually, socially, and culturally. This, in turn, was linked to the many natural settings where education took place, demonstrating and reinforcing the close connections between indigenous peoples and the places where they lived.