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https://action.scholastic.com/issues/2018-19/120118/saving-americas-wolves.html
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Saving Americas Wolves - Narrative Nonfiction | Scholastic Scope Magazine

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This gripping article draws the reader into the world of the American wolf.

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Scholastic News Online

Gray wolves have been removed from the endangered-species list in Idaho and Montana. (Edwin Giesbers / Nature Picture Library)

Congress votes to take the gray wolf off America's endangered-species list, sending environmentalists howling

TOP: Gray wolves were nearly wiped out by 1974, but their populations have bounced back due to their endangered species status. (Ronald Wittek / dpa / Corbis)

BOTTOM: Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin will decide how to handle their wolf populations next month. (Jim McMahon)

Last week brought good news and bad news for the country's gray wolves. Gray wolf populations have risen so steadily in recent years that Congress voted in favor of taking the animal off the endangered-species list in two states, Idaho and Montana.

But that also means gray wolves have lost significant protection in those states, so they can now be hunted and killed there. Protections for wolves may also be lifted in Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin when the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service tackles the issue at a public hearing on May 18.

Not long ago, gray wolves were hard to find in the United States. By 1974, hunting and habitat loss had nearly wiped out the species in the lower 48 states (all states except Alaska and Hawaii). The animal was put on the endangered-species list that year.

Animals on the list are protected from being hunted. Their habitats, or the environments in which they live, must also be protected.

But the wolves have made a big comeback because of their protected status. Nearly 6,000 now live in the lower 48 states. (In Alaska, gray wolf populations have always been large.) That's great news for the wolves! But it also means that politicians have been hotly debating whether the species still needs protection.

PROTECTION POLITICS

Those who support delisting the wolf say the animal is dangerous, putting people at risk and threatening livestock, or animals like cows owned by farmers. On Tuesday, Idaho Governor C. L. "Butch" Otter declared the wolves a "disaster emergency" in his state. But wildlife protection groups argue that removing the wolves from the list would again threaten the species.

This isn't the first time politicians and environmental groups have argued over gray wolves. In 2009, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service removed gray wolves from the endangered-species list in Idaho and Montana. But in 2010, a federal judge ruled that wolves in those states should be put back on the list.

Now Congress, for the first time, has voted to allow an animal on America's endangered-species list to be delisted. The change will take effect within 60 days.

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Gray wolf populations have risen so steadily in recent years that Congress voted in favor of taking the animal off the endangered-species list in two states, Idaho and Montana. Gray wolves have lost significant protection in those states, so they can now be hunted and killed there.

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RACE TO SAVE ENDANGERED WOLVES: EBSCOhost

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https://www.vanityfair.com/news/politics/2013/10/new-york-city-underground-subway-danger

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See How Easily a Rat Can Wriggle Up Your Toilet | National Geographic

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Five thousand (5,000) years ago, the ancient Egyptian made their home at the mouth of the Nile River, where the Nile runs into the Mediterranean Sea. It was a wonderful place to live. The soil was rich. Food was plentiful. They were surrounded by desert, which helped to keep them safe from intruders, while the Nile kept their world green.

The ancient Egyptians believed in over 2,000 gods! They were not afraid of their gods, not most of them anyway. They understood they could not always get everything they prayed for. But, when their prayers were not answered, they might give the statue of a god in the temple a little whack with a reed to let the gods know they were quite disappointed.

The ancient Egyptians believed in curses and omens and magical powers, all of which were an important part of their daily life and religion. They bought spells in the marketplace to increase their luck, to change their fate, and to keep themselves safe.

They believed science and magic were intertwined. They would chant a magical spell they bought in the marketplace and swallow medicine they bought from a different vendor to solve the same problem. The thing is, this often solved their problem, although it was probably the medicine. When the ancient Greeks and then the Romans came to Egypt, they were amazed at how advanced the Egyptians were in the sciences, especially in astronomy, mathematics, and cures.

The ancient Egyptians also believed in an afterlife. A popular family outing was visiting the family tomb with armloads of grave goods they had made, things they might need in their afterlife to make their eternity comfortable and fun. The ancient Egyptians believed that after you died, your Ka, your spirit, flew off to enjoy endless, perfect days along a magical Nile River. At night, your Ba, your night spirit, returned to your tomb, because even mummies need a good night's sleep.

The ancient Egyptians were fascinating people, and thanks to the movies are often misunderstood. The ancient Egyptians were not in love with death. They were in love with life! They loved poetry and tall tales and stories. They shivered at curses and danced at festivals. They loved their kids. They loved their families. They loved their life along their beloved Nile River, crocodiles and all.

Come meet the clever, creative ancient Egyptians. We think you'll like them.

Our first feedback (Wow! Thank you!):
"Your units are exactly what I had hoped for
--readable, interesting topics that fit my curriculum objectives
with lots of structured activities to bring it alive.
World History will be the class we all look forward to every day."

Mr. Donn and Maxie's Ancient History PowerPoints Series
Written by Lin & Don Donn,
illustrated by Phillip Martin, Published by Good Year Books

Mr. Donn and Maxie's Always Something You Can Use Series
Written by Lin & Don Donn, Published by Good Year Books

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Ancient Egypt for Kids and Teachers - Daily Life, Religion, Government, Inventions, Achievements, and more, for grades 5-9, middle school - Ancient Egypt for Kids

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Five thousand (5,000) years ago, the ancient Egyptian made their home at the mouth of the Nile River, where the Nile runs into the Mediterranean Sea. It was a wonderful place to live. The soil was rich. Food was plentiful. They were surrounded by desert, which helped to keep them safe from intruders, while the Nile kept their world green.

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Photo Credit: By Philip Pikart (Own work) CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons

Queen Nefertiti, the wife of King Akhenaten who ruled from 1352 to 1336 B.C., was one of ancient Egypt's most influential and beautiful queens. Historians maintain that she played a significant role in the political and religious reforms that resulted in numerous changes including the establishment of Aten as Egypt's supreme god. Many even believe that the powerful queen served as Pharaoh for a brief period following her husband's death and the accession of his 9-year-old son King Tutankhamun (Tut), to the throne.

Yet, archaeologists have never been able to find the tomb of this famous queen, who some believe was also King Tut's mother. Now British Egyptologist Dr. Nicholas Reeves has a theory. He thinks that Queen Nefertiti has been hiding in plain sight - Inside a secret chamber in the same tomb as her purported son, King Tut.

Image Credit: Daily Mail

The archaeologist reached the conclusion after spending many months examining recently released ultra-high resolution images of King Tut's burial chamber. According to the expert, the scans show what could be the outlines of two doorways. Reeves speculates that the one on the western wall of the tomb leads to a hidden storeroom that could contain more treasures. However, it is the larger doorway on the north wall that is of greater interest. That's because the expert believes that it leads to the chamber where Queen Nefertiti was put to rest in 1330 B.C.

Reeves, who explains his theory in a July 23 paper entitled "The burial of Queen Nefertiti?" says it is supported by the inconsistencies researchers have found with King Tut's tomb. For one, it is a lot smaller that that of other pharaohs. Then there is also the issue of it being oriented to the right of the entrance, a layout that was typically reserved for ancient Egyptian queens. There is also the evidence that the tomb was built and decorated in stages and that the over 2,000 artifacts belonged to previous royals.

The archaeologist has been invited to Cairo to present his case to an assembly of local Egyptologists. If the panel is convinced, they will dispatch a team of experts to King Tut's tomb that lies in Luxor or the "Valley of Kings" as it was called during the age of the pharaohs. The team will use seismic X-ray technology and ground penetrating RADAR to check for evidence of hollow spaces in the bedrock.

Photo Credit: Maler der Grabkammer der Nefertari via Wikimedia Commons

Even if the researchers do find proof of the chambers, it will take years to verify their existence and investigate if Reeves is right. That's because they will first have to find a way to excavate without disturbing King Tut's tomb.

Zahi Hawass, Egypt's leading archaeologist, and a King Tut expert, does not think excavating will be necessary. The former head of Egypt's Supreme Council of Antiquities believes that Reeves has little evidence and thinks that like many others, this theory will also 'die' a natural death. Aidan Dodson, an Egyptologist at the University of Bristol, concurs. He says that while there may be hidden chambers behind the walls, the idea of finding Queen Nefertiti inside one is a little far-fetched.

But Reeves is not worried. In an interview with the BBC, the expert stated, "If I'm wrong, I'm wrong. But if I'm right, the prospects are frankly staggering. The world will have become a much more interesting place - at least for Egyptologists."

Resources: cnn.com, dailymail.co.uk,history.com

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Is Queen Nefertiti Resting Inside A Hidden Chamber Within King Tut's Tomb?

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Queen Nefertiti, the wife of King Akhenaten who ruled from 1352 to 1336 B.C., was one of ancient Egypt's most influential and beautiful queens. Historians maintain that she played a significant role in the political and religious reforms that resulted in numerous changes including the establishment of Aten as Egypt's supreme god.

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Important User Information: Remote access to EBSCO's databases is permitted to patrons of subscribing institutions accessing from remote locations for personal, non-commercial use. However, remote access to EBSCO's databases from non-subscribing institutions is not allowed if the purpose of the use is for commercial gain through cost reduction or avoidance for a non-subscribing institution.

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Happy Halloween!

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fighting pollution industrial waste kids english

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ESA - Space for Kids - Earth - Fighting pollution by tracking trucks

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Many cars are now being fitted with satellite navigation devices, which tell the driver how to get from A to B. However, similar systems can also be used to follow the movements of vehicles. One of the latest examples is a satellite-based tracking system that prevents illegal waste tipping and reduces pollution.

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ESA - Space for Kids - Earth - Pollution

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Clouds of choking smog; beaches coated in oil; rivers turned red by chemicals. All of these are obvious examples of pollution.

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The Crying Indian - full commercial - Keep America Beautiful

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Education: Whatcha Doin' About Air Pollution?

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A sea turtle swims through the water and spots a white blob floating near the surface. "Yum!" it thinks. "A jellyfish!" Chasing after its dinner, the turtle swallows the item. But the floating blob isn't a jelly-it's a plastic bag that could make the sea turtle sick.

This sea creature isn't alone: Over 700 species of marine animals have been reported to have eaten or been entangled in plastic. Scientists think that the amount of plastic in the ocean might triple by 2050-and that would mean seriously bad news for the ocean and the creatures that live there. But by understanding the issue and taking action, you can help stop that from happening.

What's the problem with plastic?

First, let's get real: Not all plastic is bad. Bike helmets, car airbags, and many medical supplies made with plastic save lives. Plastic water bottles can bring clean drinking water to people who don't have it, and plastic straws can help people with disabilities drink.

The problem is that most of us use and then toss way more plastic than we need: things like grocery bags, drink bottles, straws, food wrappers, and plastic packaging around toys. This kind of plastic that's used only once before being thrown away is called single-use plastic, and it makes up more than 40 percent of all plastic trash.

Where does the plastic go?

That's a lot of trash. Scientists think that 8.8 million tons of plastic winds up in the ocean every year-that's as if you stacked up five plastic grocery bags full of trash on top of each other on every foot of coastline in the world.

How does it get into the sea? Plastic left on the ground as litter often blows into creeks and rivers, eventually ending up in the ocean. And because plastic trash is different from other types of waste-it doesn't decompose back into nature like an apple core or a piece of paper-it stays in the ocean forever. That means discarded fishing nets and six-pack rings can entangle animals; harmful straws and grocery bags can be mistaken as food.

What can we do about it?

You can do so much to help keep Earth clean! You can look at how much single-use plastic your family uses by filling out a plastic journal for a week-then talking about what you can do to use less. Need ideas? Check out these quick tips to reduce your plastic waste. By working together, our choices can help save animals-and the ocean they live in.

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Welcome to Britannica School , a safe, up-to-date, and age-appropriate information resource for Elementary, Middle, and High School.

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Bosco Verticale buildings in Milan (Photo Credit Stefano Boeri)

Ever since Malaysian ecologist-architect Ken Yeang introduced the concept in the 1990's, living walls and rooftops have become an increasingly common sight in both residential and commercial buildings. In addition to looking good, planted exteriors also help cut energy costs, and, in the case of rooftop farms, provide urban dwellers with homegrown produce. Now, Stefano Boeri wants to take green architecture to the next level with "Forest Cities" to combat China's air pollution woes.

The Italian architect's foray into metropolitan reforestation began in 2014 with two towers in central Milan. Measuring 110-meters (360-feet) and 76-meters (249-feet) in height, they host 900 trees measuring between 3 to 9 meters each and over 20,000 shrubs and plants pre-cultivated specifically for the purpose. The foliage is irrigated by rain as well as the building's gray water recycling system. The "Bosco Verticales," or "Vertical Forests," that are equivalent to a flat area of about 2 acres, provide year-round energy savings and improve the air quality by releasing moisture and converting carbon dioxide into oxygen. The vegetal system also acts as a windscreen, captures dust particles from the air, and blocks noise from the bustling Milan streets, making for a much healthier living environment for the residents.

Forest Mountain Hotel in Guizhou (Photo Credit Stefano Boeri

Boeri's first project in China is the Forest Mountain Hotel in Guizhou that is scheduled to open this fall. According to the architect, the 31,200 square-meter (231,424 square-feet) structure's design is inspired by the site's original topography and ecosystem, which is also known as the Forest of Ten Thousands Peaks. Also in the works are two skyscrapers in the city of Nanjing. Similar to those in Milan, the 200-meter (656-feet) tall office building and 108-meter (354-feet) tall hotel will boast 23 species of trees and over 2,500 shrubs and plants. Boeri estimates they will absorb 25 tons of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere annually and produce as much as 60 kg of oxygen every day.

Of course, the three buildings, are not enough to solve China's smog problem, which is why Boeri is now attempting to create "Forested Cities." His architectural design team is currently devising plans for a wooded settlement in Liuzhou, a medium-sized city that is home to about 1.5 million residents. All the buildings will have gray water recycling systems and be powered by solar or wind energy. The architect is also hoping to build a green mini-city around Shijiazhuang, an industrial area in northern China that is infamous for consistently being one of the country's ten most polluted cities.

Roosgaarde's smog cleaning machine (Photo Credit: Daan Roosegaarde)

Boeri is not the only one devising ways to clean up China's polluted air. In September 2016, Dutch designer Daan Roosegaarde took his massive smog cleaning machine on a five-city tour that began in Beijing. The seven-meter tall tower, believed to be the "world's largest smog-cleaning machine," filters 30,000 cubic meters of air each hour - removing even the finest smog particles and releasing fresh, clean air using about the same amount of electricity as a water boiler. The best part is, the captured carbon particles are compressed and transformed into expensive jewelry that is sold to generate funds for the project. With innovations like these, the country's air pollution struggles may soon be a thing of the past.

Resources: inhabitat.com,dezeen.com,mashable.com, stefanoboeriarchitetti.net

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Italian Architect Envisions "Forest Cities" To Combat China's Air Pollution

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Ever since Malaysian ecologist-architect Ken Yeang introduced the concept in the 1990's, living walls and rooftops have become an increasingly common sight in both residential and commercial buildings. In addition to looking good, planted exteriors also help cut energy costs, and in the case of rooftop farms provide urban dwellers with homegrown produce.

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Photo Credit: University of Bristol

Access to clean drinking water is something many of us take for granted. However, for millions of people living in developing nations, it is a scarce commodity. According to the World Health Organization 3.4 million people, mostly children, die annually from water-related diseases. But that could change soon thanks to 'Row-bot', a tiny autonomous robot that powers itself by eating harmful water microbes.

Inspired by the water boatman, a tiny aquatic insect that feeds off algae and dead plants as it skims along the water surface, Row-bot is the brainchild of University of Bristol Ph.D. student Hemma Philamore. Made from lightweight 3D printed composite material, the buoyant robot requires minimal energy to keep moving. This is important given that it is self-powered.

Photo Credit: University of Bristol

Similar to the aquatic insect, Row-bot ingests water through its 'mouth' as it glides over the water surface. A microbial fuel cell (MFC) inside its 'stomach' helps digest the bacteria in the water to produce an electric current that powers the robot.

Though that may sound magical, it is a natural reaction that occurs when MFC's consume sugars in an anaerobic environment.

Instead of releasing carbon dioxide and water like they would in a normal oxygen-filled environment, they release carbon dioxide, protons, and electrons.

The electrons are harnessed by a tiny 0.75 watt DC motor embedded inside to power the Row-bot. As it propels forward, it ingests additional bacteria-filled water, and the cycle continues.

The tiny bot's ability to not just clean the water, but also use the microbes to power itself is what is exciting researchers the most. Jonathan Rossiter, Professor of Robotics at Bristol University says, "The work shows a crucial step in the development of autonomous robots capable of long-term self-power. Most robots require recharging or refueling, often requiring human involvement."

The researchers who revealed the 'Row-bot' at the November 2015 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) held in Hamburg, Germany, believe that it has numerous potential uses. In addition to purifying the water in developing countries, Hemma Philamore thinks the robot would be tremendously helpful in environmental clean-ups following oil spills or algal blooms. It would even come in handy to monitor hazardous areas struck by natural or man-made disasters.

Photo Credit: University of Bristol

To prepare the autonomous robot to take on these important tasks, the researchers are working on a new prototype that will contain monitoring and control subsystems as well as additional switching circuitry - All, of course, will be powered by harmful water bacteria.

Resources: gizmag.com,phys.org,wired.co.uk

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Ingenious 'Row-bot' Devours Microbes From Polluted Water To Fuel Itself

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Access to clean water is something many of us take for granted. However, for millions of people living in developing nations, it is a scarce commodity. According to the World Health Organization 3.4 million people, mostly children, die annually from water-related diseases.

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