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American soldier and politician

Served under Andrew Jackson in the campaign against the Creek Indians, allies of the British.

On April 21, 1836, Houston and a force of roughly 900 Texans surprised and defeated some 1,200 to 1,300 Mexicans

Secured Texan independence and was followed by Houston’s election as president

He was influential in gaining the admission of Texas to the United States.

Elected one of the new state’s first two senators.

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The Alamo, Davie Crocket, William Travis

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The Alamo, Davie Crocket, William Travis

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The Alamo: During Texas’ war for independence from Mexico, a group of Texan volunteers led by George Collinsworth and Benjamin Milam seizing control of San Antonio.
Davie Crocket: ‘King of the Wild Frontier'. He was elected for the U.S. Congress in 1826 and was known for his opposing much of what Andrew Jackson was working at doing, in specifically the Indian Removal Act. He was killed in March at the famous Battle of the Alamo.
William Travis: American lawyer and soldier. Became one of the leaders of the "war party". He raised a company of 25 volunteers and captured Captain Antonio Tenorio.On March 6th, during the battle 189 Texans, including Travis, Bowie, and Davy Crockett, were killed

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Moses Austin: Founder of the American lead industry, Father of Stephen Austin. He was an entrepreneur who revived the lead business. After that business dropped he sought economic growth and established a colony in Texas.
Stephen Austin: Son of Moses Austin,  Known as "The Father of Texas," established the first Anglo-American colony, acquired colony after death of father.

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The war with Mexico began a little after the Annexation of Texas. The reason was because the President of Mexico at the time ( President/ General Antonio Lopez de Santa) still considered Texas as its northeastern providence, and didn't recognized the Republic of Texas. So President James K. Polk sent troops to compete for the area in which the Mexicans attacked the American forces, President Polk requested to Congress to declare war. The fighting went on for 2 years and it took Mexico to a point where it was struggling financially. This led to Mexico wanting to end the war and this led to the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo signed on February 2, 1848.

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As known the Whig Party was made to be against Former President Andrew Jackson. They stood for protective tariffs, national banking, and federal aid for internal improvements. The Democratic Party stood for a weak federal government, states' rights, and agrarian interest. With many issues the Democratic party became the party when disputes over President James Monroe. Then for the Modern Republican party was because of the issues of slavery in which anti- slavery Democrats joined the northern Whigs to create the Republican party we have today. With these two big parties finally formed these are what lead our elections today.

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Businesses created in California to support miners

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Businesses created in California to support miners

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With Gold Rush attracting many travelers many come with different benefits. Steamships was a huge new business for transportation in which became a regular service. Then businesses for railroads to be built through California began. Then with the hundreds of ships that were left abandoned after their crew deserted them to search for gold companies used them to build warehouses, stores, taverns, hotels, a jail, and then landfills to use for building. Farmers from Chile, Australia, and Hawaii had found a huge new market to sell food. British manufactured goods in which were in high demand. Then from China clothing and prefabricated arrived. With all these investments this created jobs around the world.

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Life for miners during the Gold Rush was exhausting. The work itself was back-breaking as panning for gold took a while. Then with the lack of sanitation, housing, and law enforcement caused a serious dangerous mix of problems. Then with racial prejudice and xenophobia began to grow rapidly, Chinese and Latin American immigrants that came to find gold were attacked by violent white settlers and miners that argued what it is to be truly be " American". But in all many miners were cruel and this caused a decrease in Native Californians and by the time the Gold Rush ended the population was smaller from before.

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Temperance: James Black (activist), Annie Turner Wittenmyer (supplied first aid)
Prison Reform: Louis Dwight (activist), Francis Lieber, Samuel Gridley Howe ( activists)
Asylum:  Dorothea Dix (activist)
Transcendentalism: Ralph Waldo Emerson (activist), Frederic Henry Hedge (activist)
Utopias: George Ripley (founded Brook Farm), Charles Lane and Bronson Alcott (founded Fruitlands)
Women's suffrage: Susan B. Anthony (speaker), Elizabeth Cady Stanton (writer and theorist)
Common School: Horace Mann (politician), Catharine Beecher
(American educator)
The Mormon Trek: Joseph Smith, was the founder and first president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Mormonism describes the doctrines of the Church that were restored to the earth through the Prophet Joseph Smith.

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19th Century Reforms: Crash Course US History #15

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The Gold Rush began on January 24, 1848. This began when John W. Marshall found gold at Coloma, CA. Once new spread almost 300,000 people across America came to California which cause it's increase in population. But many Native Californians that were there suffered as people called "forty-niners" moved them away from their land, diseases spread, genocide, and starvation. Then people from other countries began to migrate to California. With this the settlement of San Francisco from 200 residents in 1846 to 36,000 by 1852. By the end of the Gold Rush (1855) more then 750,000 lbs of gold was extracted from California.

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To end the Mexican -- American War, the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was signed on February 2, 1848 but came into force on July 4, 1848. The treaty called for the US to pay Mexico $15 million US dollars. But the US got the best of the deal because they gained California, gave the Rio Grande as the boundary for Texas, most of Arizona, Nevada, Utah, some of New Mexico and parts of Wyoming and Colorado. With this this expanded the U.S. even more. Citizens living in those areas had the option to go to back to Mexico or get legal American citizenship.

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Manifest Destiny held that the United States was destined, by God, to expand and spread democracy and capitalism across North American. When the population grew rapidly from 5 million to 23 million and after two economic depressions Americans expanded west in hopes of new land and opportunity.

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The Panic of 1837 was a major economic downturn brought on by temporary excesses in intentional trade and the inability of the US to control the currency or make credit available after the closing of the 2nd Bank of the United States. Approximately 10% percent of people were unemployed. Mobs raided warehouses to secure food to eat. At one point banks have loaned too much money to the point they couldn't give sufficient money to their customers which ultimately led to many banks closing in 1837. Many lost jobs and businesses had to lower workers' wages. Low support from the Democratic party led to William H. Harrison from the Whig Party be elected in the Election of 1840. Took until 1843 for things to start to slowly recover.

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The Texas war was a war fought from October 1835 to April 1836 between Mexico and Texas colonists that resulted in Texas’s independence from Mexico . Mexican liberals bent on economic progress opened the borders to immigrants and provided them generous land grants and considerable local authority. In 1835, President Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna centralized the government, abolishing the 1824 constitution and snuffing out provincial rebellions. This led to many protest from the residents of Texas which led to fighting in October of 1835. In February 1836, Santa Anna led an army of 5,000 regulars and conscripts to Texas and with terrain advantage they defeated the army of 550 men under Mexican Gen.

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Methodist:

derive their inspiration from the life and teachings of John Wesley.

largest Christian denomination

stresses both personal and social morality and has an Arminian doctrine and, in the U.S.

Baptist:

Part of a Christian movement relating to protestant Christianity.

Baptists believe that faith is a matter between God and the individual.

Baptists do not believe that baptism is necessary for salvation

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A Series of religious revivals in the first half of the 19th century (1800s) characterized by great emotionalism in large public meetings. This revival led to many reforms in the early 1800s.

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James K. Polk was the 11th President of the United States. He was a big part in expanding the US with the Texas Annexation, Mexican Cession, and the Oregon Territory. But with the Texas Annexation was the 1845 annexation of the Republic of Texas into the US. Then on December 29, 1845 Texas became the 28th state of the US.