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“The Signing of the Treaty of Greenville, 1795”, as depicted by Howard Chandler Christy

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Visual Representation of General Wayne's Victory over the Indians

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Visual Representation of General Wayne's Victory over the Indians

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A result of the Battle of Fallen Timbers, the Treaty of Greenville refers to the settlement of August 3, 1795 that brought an end to the conflict between the United States and the Western Confederacy. The negotiations were headed by Miami chief Little Turtle and Anthony Wayne, who represented the United States. As put forth by the Treaty, the Indians relinquished their claim to land that would become the state of Ohio as well as parts of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan. In addition, any future land that the Indians wished to sell could only be sold to the Americans.

Anthony Wayne

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British Betrayal (Battle of Fallen Timbers & the Treaty of Greenville)

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Uploaded by Bobblehead George on 2016-03-18.

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Chief Little Turtle

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Primary Source - The Treaty of Greenville

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Primary Source - The Treaty of Greenville

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"To put an end to a destructive war... and to restore harmony and friendly intercourse between the said United States and Indian tribes"

"The... Indian tribes do hereby cede and relinquish forever, all their claims to the lands lying eastwardly and southwardly of the general boundary line now described" (Article 3).

"And the said Indian tribes will allow to the people of the United States a free passage by land and by water, as one and the other shall be found convenient, through their country, along the chain of posts hereinbefore mentioned" (Article 3).

"When... tribes... shall be disposed to sell their lands... they are to be sold only to the United States; and until such sale the United States will protect all the said Indian tribes in the quiet enjoyment of their lands against all [enemies]" (Article 5).

"...for injuries done by individuals on either side, no private revenge or retaliation shall take place" (Article 9).

http://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/greenvil.asp

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The American victory at Fallen Timbers allayed frontiersmen's fears of Native American raids and guaranteed the region's allegiance to the United States. Furthermore, the Treaty of Greenville granted the Americans access to the western Great Lakes and the western Ohio River Valley. In turn, farmers in the area gained links to international markets for their produce. The Northwest would remain largely peaceful until the 1811 Battle of Tippecanoe.

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The Western Indian Confederacy's defeat at Fallen Timbers caused the evaporation of support from Britain, which had become entangled in the French Revolutionary wars and did not wish to risk a confrontation with the United States. News of the American victory at the Battle of Fallen Timbers helped John Jay secure a treaty with the British that promised British withdrawal from the frontier forts.  Not only did the Americans gain new land, the British threat had finally disappeared from North American soil.

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The Battle of Timbers, on August 20, 1794, was the last major conflict of the Northwest Indian War. The combatants, fighting for control of the Northwest Territory, included Native American tribes affiliated with the Western Indian Confederacy (supported militarily by the British) against the United States. The battle resulted in a decisive victory for the American general Anthony Wayne and resulted in the Treaty of Greenville a year later.