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a category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter.

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(35 milometer film) The standard photographic film format for analog single lens reflex

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A twin-lens reflex camera (TLR) is a type of camera with two objective lenses of the same focal length

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horizontal cameras designed to make big negatives for contact printing onto press-printing plates.

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The gelatin silver process is the photographic process used with currently available black-and-white films and printing papers.

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a keeper or custodian of a museum or other collection.

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a public display of works of art or items of interest

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the action of framing something.

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a room or building for the display or sale of works of art.

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the exclusive legal right, given to an originator or an assignee to print

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Lines can be used to define shapes and figures, but also to indicate motion

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enclosed area of an artwork created through lines, textures, colours or an area enclosed by other shapes

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Color is the element of art that is produced when light, striking an object, is reflected back to the eye

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As artists, we must have a strong understanding of form and how to create the illusion of form in drawings

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In the visual arts, texture is the perceived surface quality of a work of art

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Value deals with the lightness or darkness of a color. Since we see objects and understand objects because of how dark or light they are

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Space in a work of art refers to a feeling of depth or three dimensions

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Balance in photography is observed when an image has subject areas that look balanced throughout the composition

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Pattern photography is the concept of integrating a repetition of elements into your photographs

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Scale is the ratio of the distance between two points on an image to the actual distance between the same two points on the ground.

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Use repeating patterns and lines. ...

Use sunlight. ...

Use lenses.

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Unity is a principle of visual design in photography that involves the repetition of certain elements in an image to make it visually pleasing

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Contrast in photography is the visual ratio of different tones in an image

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symmetry around a central axis, as in a starfish or a tulip flower.

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made up of exactly similar parts facing each other or around an axis; showing symmetry.

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having parts which fail to correspond to one another in shape, size, or arrangement; lacking symmetry.

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the fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect.

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containing or using only one color.

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relating to abstract art.

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Cool colors include green, blue, and purple, and variations of those three colors. Blue is the only primary color within the cool spectrum.

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Warm colors are those that tend to advance in space and can be overwhelming. Examples of warm colors include red, yellow and orange

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Complementary colors are any two colors which are directly opposite each other, such as red and green and red-purple and yellow-green.

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In the context of interior design, neutral means without color. Neutrals such as beige, ivory, taupe, black, gray and shades of white appear to be without color, but in many applications these hues often have undertones.

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The rule of thirds describes a basic compositional structure of a photograph

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Leading lines are lines that appear in a photograph that have been framed and positioned by the photographer to draw the viewer's eye towards a specific point

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The golden ratio is a ratio of approximately 1.618 to 1. Artists have used this ratio for centuries to create works of art from paintings to architecture.

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Negative space is the area surrounding the main subject in a photograph which is left unoccupied

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Positive space is any part of the photo that jumps out from its surroundings.

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Backlighting, defined in the simplest of ways, refers to the main source of light behind the photography subject

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Diffused light is light that is essentially going through a filter that spreads the light out and makes it fall on your subjects evenly and without very much contrast.

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Ambient Light traditionally refers to any form of light that the photographer did not add to their image

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Chiaroscuro lighting is all about bold contrasts and emotions. This makes it the ideal creative playground for portrait photographers.

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In photography, a silhouette is defined as an outline that appears dark against a light background.

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Objective photography is an impersonal image not influenced by feelings, interpretations or prejudice.

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Photography is subjective by simply being a visual art. In other words, it is based on your perception rather than judgments from other peoples perspective.

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A “constructive critique” is a critique which is constructive– it informs the photographer how to improve

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Academic integrity requires giving credit to the work and ideas of other people that influenced your project

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Trademark protection is only available for names, short phrases, slogans, service names and logos.

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What are photography ethics? Photography ethics are the principles that guide how we take and share photographs.

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Diptych Photography - A diptych is a combination of two photographs placed immediately next to each other to make an artistic statement or comparison

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triptych Photography Triptych photography is when you take 3 photos that are related somehow, usually they are of the same object,

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The word “pixel” means a picture element. Every photograph, in digital form, is made up of pixels

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The last hour before sunset and the first hour after sunrise are coveted by professional photographers. Referred to as “the golden hour” or “magic hour,” these times provide the perfect light to capture stunning photos.

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The blue hour is the period of twilight in the late dusk each evening, or the very dawn of the morning, when the sun is at a significant distance below the horizon and the residual

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Image file formats are standardized means of organizing and storing digital images. An image file format may store data in an uncompressed format

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Stands for "Joint Photographic Experts Group."

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A camera RAW image is an unprocessed photograph captured with a digital camera.

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Tiff are different from Jpgs, gifs, and png's because they are “uncompressed”. You may consider buying a TIFF Stock Photo or Stock Vector instead of a compressed Jpg.

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PSD file is a layered image file used in Adobe PhotoShop (PSD), which stands for Photoshop Document

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sepia is a form of photographic print toning – a tone added to a black and white photograph

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Photographers tend to pay a lot of attention to light. ... Shadows are not simply a dark mass that borders the light

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A mid-tone is precisely that – all luminance values that are not dark or light are considered to be mid-tones

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A highlight is a bright spot in a photograph. Normally it is assumed to be one of the brightest points in the image.

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Post processing is process of editing the data captured by camera while taking the photo to enhance the image

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Long-exposure, time-exposure, or slow-shutter photography involves using a long-duration shutter speed to sharply capture the stationary elements of images while blurring, smearing, or obscuring the moving elements.

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Time-lapse photography is a technique whereby the frequency at which film frames are captured (the frame rate) is much more spread out than the frequency used to view the sequence.

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Light painting, painting with light, light drawing, or light art performance photography are terms that describe photographic techniques of moving a light source while taking a long exposure photograph,

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In cinematography and photography panning means swivelling a still or video camera horizontally from a fixed position.

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Digital camera resolution is measured in Megapixels.

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A digital single-lens reflex camera (digital SLR or DSLR)

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a set of data that describes and gives information about other data.

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a very small or concise description, representation, or summary.

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Occasionally I see a post on Facebook or in a birding blog that states emphatically that the image was SOOC (Straight Out Of the Camera).

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Vibration Reduction (VR) is an image stabilization technology that minimizes blur caused by camera shake.

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Automatic Exposure is when the camera chooses the optimum shutter speed, aperture, ISO and flash settings for your shot.

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means that the camera still sets the exposure for you. It chooses the correct aperture and shutter speed for the light available, so your shot is correctly exposed

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Aperture priority, often abbreviated A or Av (for aperture value) on a camera mode dial, is a setting on some cameras that allows the user to set a specific aperture value (f-number) while the camera selects a shutter speed to match it that will result in proper exposure based on the lighting conditions

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When shooting in shutter priority mode, you get to determine the shutter speed

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Manual mode is one of the main settings on your camera, and it lets you manually control shutter speed, aperture, and ISO. These three settings work together to control the how bright or dark your photo is

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The ASA (American Standards Association) scale is an arbitrary rating of film speed; that is, the sensitivity of the film to light.

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In photography, ISO relates to a sensor's (or film's) sensitivity to light.

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Film grain or granularity is the random optical texture of processed photographic film due to the presence of small particles of a metallic silver, or dye clouds, developed from silver halide that have received enough photons.

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In digital photographs, “noise” is the commonly-used term to describe visual distortion. It looks similar to grain found in film photographs

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An image sensor or imager is a sensor that detects and conveys information used to make an image.

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Aperture can be defined as the opening in a lens through which light passes to enter the camera

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The f-stop is the "aperture" opening of a camera lens, which allows light to come in

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Bokeh is defined as “the effect of a soft out-of-focus background that you get when shooting a subject

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Depth of field is the distance between the closest and farthest objects in a photo that appears acceptably sharp.

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Focal length controls the angle of view and magnification of a photograph.

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In photography, shutter speed refers to the length of time camera shutter is open. Read this article to learn

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Bulb mode is an exposure setting on your camera that allows you to hold your shutter open for as long as you want.

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In photography, motion blur is the purposeful streaking or blurring of an object in motion in a photo for visual effect

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Camera shake is one of the major curses of handheld photography.

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Both a tripod and monopod are accessories designed to support a camera

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Without a doubt, the full-frame DSLR is still very much a viable prospect for photographers and videographers in 2021 and beyond!

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Advanced Photo System type-C (APS-C) is an image sensor format approximately equivalent in size to the Advanced Photo System film negative in its C

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Crop factor is the ratio of a camera sensor's size to a 35mm film frame. Use it to calculate effective focal lengths and compare lenses between DSLRs

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A prime lens is a fixed focal length lens that does not allow you to zoom in or out. In short, the determined focal length of the lens is the distance between the point of convergence in your lens to the sensor or film in your camera.

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A telephoto lens is a long-focus lens that allows photographers to utilize a focal length that is in fact shorter than the lens' physical length