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Throughout my education and career I have witnessed or have been the victim of bullying. However, many adults are oblivious or choose not to intervene when bullying occurs among their children. Currently, I am a  kindergarten teacher and I try my best to educate my students on appropriate social skills depending on the circumstance they are in. Bullying is a social skill that is developed at a very young age. Therefore, I have chosen to make my padlet topic over bullying, and how to spot bullying. By educating parents about bullying they might be more aware, and willing to address this issue with their children. Bullying is an important topic within school, because children can be emotionally and physically hurt if it is not addressed. Parenting in particular is a major contributor to how students treat and act towards their peers. Furthermore, educating parents on the legal implications of bullying could help prevent it from occurring in school.

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Interviewee: Emily Keller
Interviewer: Megan Schwartz

Summary of Interview: I interviewed Emily Keller on 7/15/2019 which lasted between 20 and 25 minutes. I asked Emily numerous open-ended questions about legal implications and her experiences pertaining to bullying within her teaching career. Emily has taught first grade for 17 years and second grade for eight years which gives her a total of 25 years of teaching experience at Graebner Elementary in San Antonio, TX . During the summer breaks Emily is employed by the Public Policy Research Institute of Texas A&M. Emily's job while employed with the public policy research institute is to interview mentally disabled adults and their family members for study purposes. The experiences that Emily has given me a qualitative insight on Emily's personal experiences pertaining to bullying in younger grades and in the mentally handicapped genre.

Bullying Impact:  According to Emily Keller,  a legal guide that lists the implications of bullying at school for parents would have great value to the students, parents, and the school district. The parents of students, especially parents who are economically struggling sometimes are oblivious and uneducated to the occurrence of bullying and it's implications. The homes in which some of her students come from breeds the mentality of bullying, which can crossover into the classroom. Emily Keller addresses this issue by stating "I cannot address or fix the home lives of my students. I can only control what happens in my classroom" (E. Keller, personal communication, July 17, 2019). Basically,  Emily Keller is inferring that the parents need to address the problem of bullying within their home.

The three best practices related to stopping and educating about bullying:

1. Warnings are a great tool to inform students and parents about a student's involvement in the bullying occurrence.

2. An educator can separate the students who are interacting in the bullying occurrence

3. Student consequences is an important tool if bullying behavior does not stop.

Emerging issues: Emily Keller discusses how the social norm of readily available technology has had a negative influence over her students and clients. Violent or inappropriate video games and television shows influence Emily's students and her clients to be more aggressive and repressive to others. Emily Keller points out that this is a home issue, and that educators do not have control over it. However, educators are constantly being blamed by parents for their student's bullying behavior when in actuality it is a parenting issue (E. Keller, personal communication, July 17, 2019).

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Summary of professional association article: The article "Research Says… / Bullying Is Common—And Subtle" explains that bullying occurs more than educators and administrators think within school. Bullies are not the stereotypical unpopular students, but instead are students who are favored among their peers. Stopping and confronting bullying is a community effort not just educators who only see about 4% of bullying occurrences.

Link: http://www.ascd.org/publications/educational-leadership/sept11/vol69/num01/Bullying-Is-Common%E2%80%94And-Subtle.aspx

Goodwin, B. (September 2011). Research Says… / Bullying Is Common—And Subtle. ASCD . 69(1), 82-83. Retrieved from http://www.ascd.org/publications/educational-leadership/sept11/vol69/num01/Bullying-Is-Common%E2%80%94And-Subtle.aspx

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The news article "Study: Parental involvement lessens effects of bullying on middle schoolers" describes how crucial parent involvement is in terms of bullying for middle school aged students. Students who have involved parents are less likely to be bullied in face to face situations, because they feel a since of protection. Unfortunately, this study was only conducted in personal situations and not in a online format.

Link: https://www.educationdive.com/news/study-parental-involvement-lessens-effects-of-bullying-on-middle-schoolers/551447/

Campisi, J.(2019). Study: Parental involvement lessens effects of bullying on middle schoolers. EducationDive. Retrieved from https://www.educationdive.com/news/study-parental-involvement-lessens-effects-of-bullying-on-middle-schoolers/551447/

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The U.S.news published an article explaining eight ways parents can get involved to help their child if they are being bullied. Each of the eight ways require parents to engage with their child and require them to become involved with the school. The article then explains that without parent involvement students tend to feel more alone and isolated due to bullying.

Link: https://health.usnews.com/wellness/for-parents/articles/2019-01-31/how-to-stop-bullying

Michele, B.(January 31, 2019). 8 Ways Parents Can Help Kids Who Are Being Bullied. U.S.news. Retrieved from https://health.usnews.com/wellness/for-parents/articles/2019-01-31/how-to-stop-bullying

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TEX. EDUC. COD. ANN. §25.0342

This law allows school districts within Texas to separate students who are being bullied or bullies themselves. By separating the students from one another the act of bullying can cease to exist among them. This law specifies that Texas school districts can separate students by placing them in different classes or by transferring one of them to a different campus within the district

Type of law: Statutory

TEX. EDUC. COD. ANN. §25.0342

Link: https://www.stopbullying.gov/laws/texas/index.html

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Student Code of Conduct for San Angelo ISD

Summary: The student code of conduct for San Angelo ISD describes and outlines the rules pertaining to student behavior and expectations. Basically, every student who breaks these conduct rules may be subjected to punishments depending on the offense, age, and circumstances of the student’s scenario. The San Angelo ISD code of conduct does not tolerate bullying of any kind and students who are caught bullying will be subjected to outlined and agreed upon punishments.

Type of Law: Administrative

.(August, 2018). The Student Code of Conduct for San Angelo ISD. San Angelo ISD Board of Trustees. Retrieved from https://www.saisd.org/departments/StudentServices/Code%20of%20Conduct.asp

Link: https://www.saisd.org/departments/StudentServices/Code%20of%20Conduct.asp

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(U.S. Const. amend. I)

Summary: The first amendment of the United States constitution allows every citizen to exercise their right to free speech. However, some students may use their free speech to verbally harass and bully one another. This confliction has sparked many controversial viewpoints and court cases within the country. Bullying is not allowed to take place yet, there is a federal law that grants its citizens the right to speak their opinions which then can form into verbal bullying.

Type of law: Constitutional

Link: https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/bill-of-rights-transcript

(U.S. Const. amend. I)

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David's law, TX SB 179

Summary: David's law is a state law put in place to elaborate upon the state's definition of bullying. Before September first 2017 cyberbullying was not identified as a form of bullying that school districts could control, punish, or recognize. David's law now allows Texas school districts to recognize cyberbullying as a form of harassment. School districts are now lawfully granted to take action if students facilitate or become involved in cyberbullying of one another. Also, school districts must implement a protocol within their school policy pertaining to cyberbullying.

Type of law: Statutory

TX SB 179

Link: https://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/85R/billtext/pdf/SB00179I.pdf

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10. Local Administrative Law/ Policy/ Rule

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10. Local Administrative Law/ Policy/ Rule

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Student Code of Conduct for San Angelo ISD

Local administrative law: According to the Student Code of Conduct for San Angelo ISD "The school has the authority to administer discipline whenever the interest of the school is involved, on or off school property, in conjunction with or independent of classes and school-sponsored activities. The District's disciplinary authority applies: When a student engages in cyberbullying, as provided by Education Code 37.0832 ; "

Summary: This administrative law states that the school district may intervene if cyberbullying is occuring off or on campus.

Type of Law: Administrative

.(August, 2018). The Student Code of Conduct for San Angelo ISD. San Angelo ISD Board of Trustees. Retrieved from https://www.saisd.org/departments/StudentServices/Code%20of%20Conduct.asp

Link: https://www.saisd.org/departments/StudentServices/Code%20of%20Conduct.asp

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(19 TAC § 247)

(B) Standard 3.2. The educator shall not intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly treat a student or minor in a manner that adversely affects or endangers the learning, physical health, mental health, or safety of the student or minor.

Educators are held to certain standards in terms of how they are allowed to treat their students. Students are not allowed to bully one another and educators may not bully their students.

Link: https://texreg.sos.state.tx.us/public/readtac$ext.TacPage?sl=R&app=9&p_dir=&p_rloc=&p_tloc=&p_ploc=&pg=1&p_tac=&ti=19&pt=7&ch=247&rl=2

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Summary: This website describes and informs readers about the six types of bullying techniques. The article goes into detail about the stereotypical demeanor of a bully who would implement each type of bullying technique.

Link: https://www.verywellfamily.com/types-of-bullying-parents-should-know-about-4153882

Citation: Gordon, S.(March 30, 2019). 6 Types of Bullying Every Parent Should Know About. verywell family. Retrieved from https://www.verywellfamily.com/types-of-bullying-parents-should-know-about-4153882

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13. Bulleted List of Recommendations/ Best Practices for Compliance

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13. Bulleted List of Recommendations/ Best Practices for Compliance

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1. Schools should separate students who are participating in bullying acts.

2. Schools should have policies and procedures in place to combat bullying

3. Schools should educate educators about how to teach, stop, and spot bullying within schools

4. Schools should educate and keep in contact with parents if their child is subjected to or participating in bullying.

5. Schools should inform parents and students of the consequences of bullying.

6. Educators should take all reports of bullying seriously and not dismiss their students.

7. Schools need to monitor and be aware of cyberbullying.

8. Educators need to stay up to date on the type of video games and television shows that their students are affiliating with so they can combat any negativity that students may act out towards each other.

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Campisi, J.(2019). Study: Parental involvement lessens effects of bullying on middle schoolers. EducationDive. Retrieved from https://www.educationdive.com/news/study-parental-involvement-lessens-effects-of-bullying-on-middle-schoolers/551447/

Goodwin, B. (September 2011). Research Says… / Bullying Is Common—And Subtle. ASCD . 69(1), 82-83. Retrieved from http://www.ascd.org/publications/educational-leadership/sept11/vol69/num01/Bullying-Is-Common%E2%80%94And-Subtle.aspx

Gordon, S.(March 30, 2019). 6 Types of Bullying Every Parent Should Know About. verywell family. Retrieved from https://www.verywellfamily.com/types-of-bullying-parents-should-know-about-4153882

Michele, B.(January 31, 2019). 8 Ways Parents Can Help Kids Who Are Being Bullied. U.S.news. Retrieved from https://health.usnews.com/wellness/for-parents/articles/2019-01-31/how-to-stop-bullying

(August, 2018). The Student Code of Conduct for San Angelo ISD. San Angelo ISD Board of Trustees. Retrieved from https://www.saisd.org/departments/StudentServices/Code%20of%20Conduct.asp
(19 TAC § 247)

TEX. EDUC. COD. ANN. §25.0342

TX SB 179

(U.S. Const. amend. I)