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Providing equitable and inclusive rights and practices for all individuals to create opportunities.

Essential components of social justice include: leadership for social justice, moral transformative leadership, and social justice praxis. (Dantley & Tillman, 2016, p. 24).

Personally, I believe as a student affairs educator, I must show up to authentically listen and put myself in places where I am uncomfortable to learn and engage with students. Social justice also means being able to recognize one's privileges and helping illuminate injustices existing on our campuses.

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Sergiovanni (2000) shared empowerment cannot be practiced successfully apart from enablement. We must enable students act on injustices, inequalities, and concerns regarding social justice. As an educator, we must encourage the use of voice to ask question to discern solutions for peace and justice.

Educators should utilize Dantley and Tillman's (2016) social justice praxis in program development and student engagement to allow students to create presentations, explore scholarship and research, and build their social justice agenda. (p. 24).

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Scanlan and Theoharis (2015) stated the four outcomes of social justice leadership are: improving school structures, raising student achievement, recentering and enhancing staff capacity, and strengthening school culture and community.

Social justice leadership is not overtasking the intercultural student organizations to do a program. Social justice leadership is not asking the faculty of color to advise the respective organization based upon their race, gender, or sexual orientation. Social justice leadership is not recognizing the need for policies and procedures to be culturally responsive and equitable.

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Example of Social Justice Leadership: Passports Provided to HBCU Students

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Example of Social Justice Leadership: Passports Provided to HBCU Students

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North Carolina Central University, a historically Black college and university, partnered with Council on International Educational Exchange to cover the cost of passports.

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This is the season when many college students are preparing to study abroad for the summer. But numbers show the percentage of African American students taking advantage of these educational trips remains low.

N.C. Central University in Durham is working to change that.

NCCU hosted its first ever "Passport Caravan," partnering with the Council on International Educational Exchange, CIEE, to cover the costs of passports. The program is designed to encourage students of color to study abroad.

Students walked into the NCCU student union one at a time, with a birth certificate, photo, and other documents needed to get their first passport. T'ona McBride is a freshman, majoring in kinesiology. She said she wants to see the world, especially Japan.

"We always talk about diversity, but we always stay in one place," said McBride.

McBride admits she loves to travel but is afraid to fly in an airplane. Her first flight was earlier this month, during spring break. McBride is one of 125 students at NCCU who will soon receive a passport in the mail.

The Institute for International Education says in the 2016-17 school year, about 6 percent of African American college students studied abroad. But the number of students attending historically black institutions, like NCCU, who travel abroad is lower - just 3.4 percent.

Olivia Metzger Jones is the assistant director in the Office of International Affairs at N.C. Central. She's worked at the university for nearly 12 years.

"During that time I have seen waves of students going on study abroad or going abroad, and I have realized that the first stumbling block is fear," said Jones. "And when they overcome that the second one is they don't have a passport."

Jones added that the ability to pay for travel and lodging is also a major obstacle. NCCU partnered with CIEE to help entice students to get passports. CIEE paid for 50 of the passports, NCCU paid for 75. The cost is normally $145.

Alisa Jackson is manager of international relations for Minority Serving Institutions at CIEE. She recently visited Xavier University in New Orleans, Mississippi Valley State in Itta Bena, and now NCCU. Jackson said travel is powerful and helps break down stereotypes.

"But once you realize that we can have funding, we can have our passports, and we can go out and do the same things," said Jackson. "Travel is not only a white only thing or something rich people do, it's something that we can all do. So, that's why it's important."

CIEE is committed to giving out 10,000 passports over a five-year period, which wraps up next year.

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'Passport Caravan' Helps Black College Students Study Abroad

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This is the season when many college students are preparing to study abroad for the summer. But numbers show the percentage of African American students taking advantage of these educational trips remains low. N.C. Central University in Durham is working to change that.

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Example of Social Justice Leadership 2: Faculty & Staff Creating Strategic Plans and Education to Uplift Diversity

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Example of Social Justice Leadership 2: Faculty & Staff Creating Strategic Plans and Education to Uplift Diversity

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Stanford University, University of Michigan, and University of Manchester all discussed ways senior leadership is building diversity in strategic initiatives and education.

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There is a lot of pressure on universities today to be more diverse and inclusive - not just in terms of race but also gender, sexual orientation, age, ethnicity, social class, national origin, and more.

The recent college admissions scandal also shone a spotlight on the fact that wealthy students are often at an unfair advantage compared to their peers from lower socioeconomic backgrounds.

Research shows that having a diverse campus, in terms of both student population and faculty, benefits everyone.

According to Peterson's, "Diversity means that the campus is viewed as a welcoming environment for anyone who wants to apply. Having an inclusive mission at an educational institution says something progressive and important about their campus that they value diversity and will allow their students to express themselves as they see fit."

But many universities have plenty of catching up to do. Even though they might accept international students and those from minority groups, it doesn't necessarily mean they're being inclusive.

Here are some examples of universities that have talked the talk and walked the walk when it comes to diversity and inclusion practices.
Stanford University

There are so many amazing women at the forefront of #AI. I love @drfeifei, who is the Co-Director of @Stanford University's Human-Centered AI Institute and the Stanford Vision and Learning Lab. She also started @ai4allorg, which works to increase diversity in AI #WomenInScience

- Sophia (@RealSophiaRobot) February 11, 2019

While this prestigious institution was unfortunately one of those involved in the recent scandal, it doesn't necessarily mean all departments are lacking in efforts to make the campus more diverse and inclusive.

It appears that a few bad apples have spoiled the barrel, as Stanford has made plenty of strides in diversity these past few years.

Risa Wechsler, Director of the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, and Associate Professor of Physics, Particle Physics and Astrophysics in the School of Humanities and Sciences, said that physics is one of the least diverse academic fields, in terms of gender as well as racial and ethnic minorities.

In a case study presentation, she identified challenges that women and women of colour face, as only 20 percent of bachelor's degrees in physics are awarded to women and less than two percent of those women are black, Latina or Native American.

In light of this, the Department of Physics formed the Equity and Inclusion Committee, who oversee diversity within the department and make recommendations for things that need to be changed.

For example, they developed a strategic plan for equity and inclusion; created education and community engagement programmes; and expanded the Leadership Alliance summer research/early identification program, which provided opportunities for students from underrepresented groups.

Due to their efforts, the demographics of undergraduate physics majors at Stanford started to change. Today, 29 percent are women; of them, six percent are black/Latina, a marked increment from 2016 where those numbers were 20 percent and 0, respectively.
University of Michigan

Ad: U-M students, share your ideas and experiences in helping shape the future of diversity, equity and inclusion at the University of Michigan during three Student Community Conversation events. Sign up today! https://t.co/Kcnk06uLvz #UMichDEI pic.twitter.com/PV7M76ZAMI

- The Michigan Daily (@michigandaily) March 24, 2019

The University of Michigan was among 96 colleges and universities to earn the 2018 Higher Education Excellence in Diversity Award by INSIGHT Into Diversity magazine, for their progress in diversifying over the past few years.

President Mark Schlissel said, "Our university cannot be excellent without being diverse in the broadest sense of that word, and we must ensure that our community provides all individuals with an equal opportunity to contribute and succeed. Thanks to the outstanding work by many individuals across our campus, we've made significant progress over the past few years."

In 2015, Schissel made significant attempts to create a more diverse and inclusive campus through the development of a five-year strategic plan.

Ever since then, the university has strived for diversity in several areas: "from race and ethnicity to religious commitments and political perspectives; increase equity, by working to challenge and respond to bias, harassment and discrimination", to create a more welcoming campus.

In the last year, U-M has implemented and strengthened a number of key initiatives meant to increase diversity across campus.

To make earning a degree from U-M Ann Arbor more affordable, U-M leaders announced the Go Blue Guarantee that gives students whose family income is less than US$65,000 the chance to receive free in-state tuition for four years of undergraduate study.

There's also Wolverine Pathways, a programme that partners with local schools to reach middle and high school students from underserved communities. Thanks to this programme, 88 scholars graduated last summer, and of them, 91 percent are attending college or university this year.

Not forgetting staff, the Human Resources Learning and Professional Development department also developed a number of DEI training courses, including "Unconscious Bias, Change It Up and Disability Awareness for departments and individuals that provide staff with the awareness and skills necessary to interact effectively and respectfully across differences".

Over 17,000 staff members participated in these courses as of last year.

Plus, the Center for Research on Learning and Teaching included 23 additional workshops on inclusive teaching for faculty.
University of Manchester

Why is my Curriculum White?

An event organised by @OfficialUoM Diversity & Inclusion Ambassadors. We will be on a panel to discuss how an inclusive curriculum can be achieved.

Tomorrow from 4.30pm - 7:00pm at the Club Academy University of Manchester Students' Union pic.twitter.com/yrvcvXOqR9

- EDUCATING-ALL (@educating_all) May 14, 2018

This UK university has always been committed to creating a diverse environment where everyone is treated fairly, regardless of gender, gender identity, disability, ethnic origin, religion or belief, sexual orientation, marital or transgender status, age or nationality.

The result show in its diverse community, where 16 percent of staff are from a black or minority ethnic background; women make up 48 percent of the workforce; international staff members make up 22percent; in addition to a large international student population.

Recognising that diversity and inclusion practices require on-going efforts, the university continues to strive to diversify its community for both staff and students and commit to equal opportunity.

In a recently-released report by the Equality, Diversity and Inclusion Team, an extensive strategic plan outlining a number of objectives were stated.

These include improving the representation of women and black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) staff in senior leadership, academic and professional support positions, taking action to further understand and improve the experience of disabled staff, and taking action to further understand and address any differential outcomes of undergraduate students.

Ever since 2017, all students, faculty and staff at this university are required to undertake training in the form of an online module, Diversity in The Workplace Training, where they gain an understanding of the broader issues surrounding equality and diversity, read in-depth case studies and examples of equality in practice, identify what discrimination and bias looks like, and more.

These are just a few examples other universities can learn from to cater to everyone and make their campus a more inclusive, non-discriminatory, safe and welcoming environment.

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How universities are successfully fostering a culture of diversity and inclusion - Study International

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There is a lot of pressure on universities today to be more diverse and inclusive - not just in terms of race but also gender, sexual orientation, age, ethnicity, social class, national origin, and more. The recent college admissions scandal also shone a spotlight on the fact that wealthy students are often at an unfair advantage compared to their peers from lower socioeconomic backgrounds.

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Example of Social Justice Leadership 3: Wittenberg University's Union Board Uplifts Sex Education & Body Positivity

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Example of Social Justice Leadership 3: Wittenberg University's Union Board Uplifts Sex Education & Body Positivity

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A current student at Wittenberg built a "Springing Out of Insecurities Week" focused on sex and body positivity in numerous communities of identities.

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National Recognition | Wittenberg University

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Wittenberg's curriculum has centered on the liberal arts as an education that develops the individual's capacity to think, read, and communicate with precision, understanding, and imagination. We are dedicated to active, engaged learning in the core disciplines of the arts and sciences and in pre-professional education grounded in the liberal arts.