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Septane

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Tetracarbane, butyl hydride, methylethylmethane, quartane

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English:late 19th century

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English:late 19th century

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Covalent Bond

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Butane was first discovered in 1910 by Dr. Walter Snelling in Pittsburgh. This discovery was called liquefied petroleum gas( a gas that contains propane and butane).

Many bikers complained that when they purchased gasoline for their tanks, they noticed that most of it was gone. So, Snelling decided to set up an experiment with a water heater in hopes of separating and isolating the hydrocarbons of the compound. As a result, he discovered LPG( liquefied petroleum gas).

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Sextane

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English: late 19th century:

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Covalent Bond

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Unknown

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Dicarbane

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English:late 19th century

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Covalent Bond

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Ethane was first produced in 1834 by English scientist Michael Faraday. However, he mistook the product for methane and didn't investigate further.

During the period 1847-1849, Hermann Kolbe (German chemist) and Edward Frankland(British chemist) produced ethane but as Faraday, they mistook the product for methane.

Finally, in 1864, German chemist, Carl Schorlemmer, corrected their errors and showed that the product was truly ethane.

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Covalent Bond

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Unknown

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None

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English:late 19th century

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Covalent Bond

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Ethane can be used in production with ethylene to become a refrigerant in cryogenic refrigeration systems and to make plastics. Also, it can be used as an anti-freeze, detergent, a ripening agent for foods, a substance in producing welding gas, and even a primary ingredient in mustard gas.

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Butane is highly flammable, which makes it useful for heating . It is usually sold bottled for use in outdoor grills or camping stoves. Butane is also used as lighter fuel for cigarette lighters. When it is pure, it can used as a refrigerant in many household freezers and refrigerators and become a propellant in aerosol spray cans

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In industry, hexanes can be used as an adhesive for shoes, leather products, and roofing. They also can be to extract cooking oils(like canola or soy oil) from seeds, cleansing and degreasing( removing fatty acids from an object) many items, and in textile manufacturing.

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Heptane is widely applied in laboratories as a non-polar solvent. In liquid from, it is ideal for transport and storage. In a grease spot test, heptane is used to dissolve an oil spot to show the previous presence organic compounds on a stained paper. This is done by shaking the stained paper in a heptane solution for about 30 seconds.

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"Octane" is a short term for "octane rating"( a standard measure of the performance of an engine or aviation fuel to resist knocking). Octane is vital in preventing engine damage in cars, trucks, planes, etc. Engines only experience knocking if the gasoline's octane rating is lower than than what is required by the engine.

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Melting Point: −140 to −134 °C; −220 to −209 °F; 133 to 139 K

Boiling Point: −1 to 1 °C; 30 to 34 °F; 272 to 274 K

Density: 2.48 kg/m³ (at 15 °C (59 °F))

Odor: Gasoline-like or natural gas-like

Appearance: Colorless gas

Chemical Formula: C4H10

Molar Mass: 58.12 g·mol−1

Vapor Pressure: 170 kPa at 283 K

Henry's law constant (k H): 11 nmol Pa−1 kg−1

Magnetic Susceptibility (χ):
-57.4·10−6 cm³/mol

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Melting Point: −182.8 °C; −296.9 °F; 90.4 K

Boiling Point: −88.5 °C; −127.4 °F; 184.6 K

Density: 1.3562 mg cm−3 (at 0 °C); 0.5446 g cm−3(at 184 K)

Odor: Odorless

Appearance: Colorless gas

Chemical Formula: C2H6

Molar Mass: 30.07 g·mol−1

Vapor Pressure:
3.8453 MPa (at 21.1 °C)

Henry's law constant (k H): 19 nmol Pa−1 kg−1

Acidity (pK a): 50

Basicity (pK b): -36

Magnetic Susceptibility  (χ): -37.37·10−6 cm³/mol

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Melting Point: −96 to −94 °C; −141 to −137 °F; 177 to 179 K

Boiling Point:
68.5 to 69.1 °C; 155.2 to 156.3 °F; 341.6 to 342.2 K

Density:
0.6548 g mL−1

Odor: Petrolic

Appearance: Colorless liquid

Chemical Formula:C6H14

Molar Mass: 86.18 g·mol−1

Vapor Pressure: 17.60 kPa (at 20.0 °C)

Henry's law constant (k H): 7.6 nmol Pa−1 kg−1

Magnetic Susceptibility (χ): -74.6·10−6 cm³/mol

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Melting Point: −90.549 °C (−130.988 °F; 182.601 K)

Boiling Point: 98.38 °C (209.08 °F; 371.53 K)

Density: 0.6795 g cm−3

Odor: Petrolic

Appearance: Colorless liquid

Chemical Formula: C7H16

Molar Mass: 100.21 g·mol−1

Vapor Pressure: 5.33 kPa (at 20.0 °C)

Henry's law constant (kH): 12 nmol Pa−1 kg−1

Magnetic susceptibility (χ)
:
-85.24·10−6 cm3/mol

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Melting Point: −57.1 to −56.6 °C; −70.9 to −69.8 °F; 216.0 to 216.6 K

Boiling Point: 125.1 to 126.1 °C; 257.1 to 258.9 °F; 398.2 to 399.2 K

Density: 0.703 g cm−3

Odor: Gasoline-like

Appearance: Colorless liquid

Chemical Formula: C8H18

Molar Mass: 114.23 g·mol−1

Vapor Pressure: 1.47 kPa (at 20.0 °C)

Henry's law constant (kH):
29 nmol Pa−1 kg−1

Magnetic Susceptibility (χ): -96.63·10−6 cm³/mol

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Shell regular. Notice amounts of soot and how explosion exhausts the candle.

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New study pins rising ethane emissions on U.S. Bakken oil field

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Flyovers of North America's Bakken oil and gas field reveal that the region releases a significant amount of the world's ethane emissions. Based on that snapshot, researchers argue that the recent U.S. oil and gas boom is chiefly to blame for rising levels of ethane.

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https://youtu.be/49egpvwl62Q

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Plastic butane cigarette lighter thrown in a campfire.

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11M n-butyl lithium in Hexane Reacts With Water

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Working with strong bases in organic solvents carries risks such as spontaneous combustion upon exposure to air and moisture. One of many of these reagents, n-butyl lithium, is pyrophoric. The amount of heat energy produced upon proton transfer is enough to cause autoignition of the butane and hexane in air.

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Gasvision provides a service for detection of VOC leaks in Petrochemical industries, NLP Gas pipelines, and domestic gas reticulation systems used in buildings for cooking and heating. Gas leaks are money escaping into the atmosphere.