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On December 25, 1991, the Soviet Union lowered their hammer and sickle flag in Moscow. This showed their defeat and end of a communist government, decreasing the tensions and threat of communism. This contributed to the decline of the Cold War.
History.com Staff. "Fall of the Soviet Union." History.com. 2011. Accessed April 21, 2017. http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/fall-of-soviet-union.

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Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty (1987)

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Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty (1987)

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This agreement between the U.S. and the Soviet Union placed a limit on weapons of threatening intermediate and short-range missiles, helping end the arms race. It decreased imminent threats of nuclear warfare and eased the tensions of the Cold War, building on the detente instilled during Nixon's administration.
"Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF Treaty)." U.S. Department of State. Accessed April 23, 2017. https://www.state.gov/t/avc/trty/102360.htm.

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The Afghanistan War started when the Soviet Union invaded in 1979. The Soviet Union gained much ground on the country until they were met with strong resistance from Islamic forces, prompting Gorbachev to withdraw. The end of this war resulted in a military defeat for the Soviets in 1989 that would mark the end of their conquering, contributing to the collapse of the Soviet Union that would end the Cold War.
History.com Staff. "Soviet tanks roll into Afghanistan." History.com. 2009. Accessed April 23, 2017. http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/soviet-tanks-roll-into-afghanistan.

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Perestroika was the start of allowing incentives for the people of the Soviet Union to have limited markets. It contributed to Gorbachev's plan of de-Stalinization, turning the Soviet's focus inward and declining tensions toward the Cold War.
"The End of the Cold War." Ushistory.org. Accessed April 21, 2017. http://www.ushistory.org/us/59e.asp.

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Glasnost is a term meaning "openness" which was adopted by Mikhail Gorbachev to improve the Soviet Union. This opened them to trade of goods and ideas as well as modernization of their economy and society. This drastically decreased threats of the Soviet Union starting a war and led to the end of the Cold War.
"The End of the Cold War." Ushistory.org. Accessed April 21, 2017. http://www.ushistory.org/us/59e.asp.

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President Reagan engaged in taking much action that helped persuade the Soviet Union to agree to an end, or limit, to the arms race, easing tensions of nuclear war. He pushed for military buildup to challenge the Soviet Union, practically leading them to an economic collapse and called for much force against the spreading of communism. Reagan acted competitively toward the USSR, predicting it would collapse if pushed hard enough, majorly contributing to the downfall of the USSR and essentially to the end of the Cold War.
"Presidential Leadership in the Cold War." Ronald Reagan and Executive Power | Presidential Leadership in the Cold War. 2011. Accessed April 23, 2017. http://reagan.civiced.org/lessons/middle-school/presidential-leadership-cold-war.

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Soviet Premier Mikhail Gorbachev (1985-1991)

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Soviet Premier Mikhail Gorbachev (1985-1991)

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Mikhail Gorbachev became the next leader of the Soviet Union after the death of Nikita Khrushchev. Once he came into power, he worked on focusing on domestic reforms within the Soviet Union to improve their economy. He abandoned their policy for the military expansion of communism, pushing and supporting movements for political change in East Berlin that would end communism there, creating a chain reaction that would affect all communist governments around the world. Gorbachev increased democracy in Russia, calling for an end to the Cold War in order to fulfill his goals.
"Gorbachev’s Reforms." Causes of the Soviet Collapse (1979-1991). May 14, 2011. Accessed April 23, 2017. http://www.arcaneknowledge.org/histpoli/soviet.htm.

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This was a period in which communist regimes around Eastern Europe would slowly collapse. The Revolutions of 1989 was a wave of revolts that took over Europe and ended communism. Leaders of these communist governments left power, new leaders were selected through free elections, and Germany was reunited again.
"Fall of Communism in Eastern Europe, 1989." Office of the Historian. Accessed April 21, 2017. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1989-1992/fall-of-communism.

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The Berlin Wall was built by the Soviet Union to keep East Berliners inside of their communist government. The construction of this proved the Soviet economy to be weak, its government ineffective as East Berliners were traveling back and forth between both countries. The fall of the Berlin Wall displayed the unsuccessful communist system as the United States found a successful way to supply East Berlin despite the Soviet Union's blockade.

History.com Staff. "Berlin Wall." History.com. 2009. Accessed April 21, 2017. http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/berlin-wall.