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Wiedemannia simplex
Apparently confined to just two high lochs in the central Cairngorms. Adults are relatively easy to monitor - if you can make it to the remote sites!

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Higher Diptera whose British populations are confined to the area above the potential tree line.

The most restricted of these are a group of 15 key species* which only occur in the Scottish Highlands  - these are the species which are considered to be most susceptible to climatic change.
* based on Horsfield & MacGowan  1998.

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Alliopsis albipennis
Botanophila moriens
Heterostylodes caledonicus
Delia pilifemur
Delia piliventris
Zaphne spiniclunis
Spilogona alpica
Spilogona triangulifera

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Hydrophorus rufibarbis
Widely spread across the Highlands usually at altitudes above 700m on small lochans or flushes. Due to its relative abundance and ease of identification a good candidate for monitoring change

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To set a baseline against which future change can be measured by systematic survey. Due to the unpredictable climate and relative inaccessibility of these areas this is usually done by coloured water traps or hand sweeping

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Key species Empids, Dollichopodids, a Scathophagid and  a Syrphid

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Key species Empids, Dollichopodids, a Scathophagid and  a Syrphid

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Rhamphomyia hirtula, Wiedemannia simplex , Clinocera nivalis
Dolichopus maculipennis, Hydrophorus rufibarbis
Okeniella caudata
Cheilosia sahlbergi

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Okeniella caudata
A Scathophagid confined to base rich fens and flushes at altitudes of over 700m in the SE Cairngorms

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Late lying snow patches can often be a good place to search for montane insects which become stranded on the surface

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Providing accurate data on the present distribution of the key species - in particular trying to establish the lower limits of altitudinal range. This in turn can be linked to habitat maps